It depends on what the question is asking. It is also worth noting that only a subset of Sephardic Jews, the Mizrahi Jews from Arab Lands, are relevant to this query. There are large numbers of Spanish Jews that have no connections to Arabs.
1) Question: Did Mizrahi Jews and Arabs intermarry?
The general historical narrative from both the Mizrahi Jewish and Arab Muslim communities is that there was not a high degree of intermarriage between Jews and Muslims during the period of the Islamic Empires and the overwhelming occurrences of such intermarriage were of Jewish women marrying Muslim men, resulting in Muslim families (since the Islamic Empires were governed by Islamic Law that holds that any children of a Muslim father are Muslims).
The DNA evidence is ambiguous on this for three major reasons: (1) Most Arabs in the Levant, Iraq, and Northern Africa, where the largest populations of Jews were, were not ethnically homogenous with each other or with the Arabian Arabs. Since most were descended from the Pre-Islamic Semitic civilizations, they would naturally bear more genetic similarities to the Jews who were local Semites as well. (2) A large number of Jews converted to Islam and took on the Arab identity in order to avoid additional taxation and gain the right to government participation, so we would expect a large number of Arab Muslims to share genetics with Mizrahi Jews. (3) The similarities are what we would expect whether the historical narrative was correct or incorrect, giving us no new information.
2) Question: Did Mizrahi Jews live alongside Arabs in a cosmopolitan way?
Yes and No. Jews typically were required to live in specific districts of a given a city, although, unlike the European ghettos, they were not locked into these areas. Jews and Arabs had a high degree of interpersonal relations and most Arabs had Jewish friends or neighbors and vice versa. However, during periods of upheaval or Arab pogroms, relations became estranged during the violence visited on the Jewish communities. Suspicion of Mizrahi Jews grew immensely in the 1940s when it was believed that they could be a fifth column for the Zionist movement in the British Mandate of Palestine.
Ashkenazi or Sephardic Jews
King Herod's father was an Idumean and his mother was a Nabatean Arab. The Idumeans and Nabateans were both semitic races, so Herod was semitic. His physical appearance would have been similar to the Arabs or Sephardic Jews of today.
They came to Spain during the Roman Diaspora period.
70 years ago, there would have been an answer to this question that would have been interesting (170,000 Iraqi Jews, 285,000 Moroccan Jews, 140,000 Algerian Jews, 100,000 Jews in Egypt, etc.). However, Jews were driven out of the Arab countries from 1948-1955. 850,000 Jews fled the Arab States. 500,000 settled in Israel and the remaining 350,000 have found asylum elsewhere. Currently, the only Arab country with greater than 1,000 Jews is Morocco with roughly 3,400-4,000 Jews. Most Arab countries currently have less than 100 Jews.
The most famous Jew to live in an Arab land was Maimonides.
Some did. The Jews were quite active in seeking converts. By the time of Muhammad, there were quite a few Jews and Christians among the Arabs. When Muhammad went to Medina, he met two Arab tribes that had adopted Judaism. Some of the Arab Jews subsequently became Muslims, while others retained their Jewish faith and were known as Arab Jews. Since the Israeli declaration of independence, they have been encouraged to forget their Arab associations and identify as Sephardic Jews.
Sephardic Jews (Sephardim) were the Jews from Spain and Portugal. After the Muslim conquest of Spain in the eighth century, many Jews fled to Spain in order to escape persecution in Christian Europe, knowing that they would be well-treated under Islamic rule. They became known as Sephardim (Spanish Jews). By the fourteenth century, Spain was once again back under Christian rule and many Jews were converted to Christianity. The remaining Jews were finally expelled from Spain in 1492, and resettled in Islamic Northern Africa and the Middle East. Many of them were absorbed into existing Mizrachi (Arab Jew) communities, while others retained their separate identity as Sephardic Jews. Since the establishment of modern Israel, both Mizrachi and Sephardic Jews have been encouraged to identify simply as Sephardic Jews.
Sephardic Jews are called Sephardic because they originally lived in Sepharad, the ancient name Jews used for Spain. With the Spanish inquisition, Sephardi Jews fled Spain or were forced out and moved throughout Europe, into the Middle East, and even places like South America and the Caribbean.
the murpurgos where sephardic Jews
Ashkenazi or Sephardic Jews
No. The Sefardic Jews are a slight minority in Israel.
About Us - 2003 The Sephardic Jews and the Pike Place Market was released on: USA: 14 April 2006
Who told you that they don't.
Sephardic Jews live all over the world, and speak the languages of the countries they live in. The most common first languages of Sephardic Jews are:HebrewEnglishArabicSpanishPortugueseTurkishFrenchLadinoLadino was once a prominent language of Sephardic Jews. It was a Jewish dialect of Medieval Spanish. Today there are less than 100,000 native speakers, almost all of which live in Israel, with a minority in Turkey. (There may be as many as 300,000 second-language speakers all over the world.)
Ashkenazi Jews aren't more strict than Sephardi Jews, this question is based on a false assumption.
Following The Spanish Inquisition, many Sephardic Jews returned to the Middle East. The main causes were fleeing persecution in central and eastern Europe, fleeing persecution during the Crusades, Fleeing Spain after the Spanish Inquisition and joining the Ottoman army as Janissaries.
Reform Judaism had its origins in the Ashkenazi community, but there are plenty of Ashkenazi Orthodox Jews and plenty of Reform Jews with Sephardic backgrounds. In Europe, you can find Liberal synagogues (analogous to the Reform movement in the United States) that are dominated by Sephardic Jews, predominantly in French speaking countries that welcomed many Algerian Jews after the collapse of French North Africa.