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What RPMs you shift at specifically is going to depend on your motor. Detroit, Cat, Cummins, Mack.. typically, you would upshift at 1500 RPMs and downshift in the vicinity of 900 to 1000. My experience with Volvo and Mercedes-Benz MBE motors is that it's better to upshift them at 1700 - 1800 RPMs.

To upshift, you would take the transmission out of gear at your desired RPMs, wait for the RPMs to drop to 1000 or so, then put it into the next gear up. This can be done either by double clutching (press the clutch pedal, take the transmission out of gear, release clutch pedal, press clutch pedal, place into next gear, release clutch pedal), or by 'floating', where you simply do not use the clutch.

To downshift, you would get your RPMs down to 900 - 1000, take the transmission out of gear, press the accelerator to tach the motor up to 1500 RPMs, then put it into the next lower gear. Again, this can be done by double clutching or floating gears. If you get into driving locally (which is a strong possibility, considering you mentioned a straight truck), you will learn quickly how to drop multiple gears at one time. To drop two gears, you do the same procedure as stated above, but you take your RPMs down to 700, rather than 1000. After you've been driving for a while, you will get to a point where you can determine when to upshift and downshift simply by the sound of the motor.

To recover after missing a gear, the same procedure is used as downshifting. To determine what gear you need to get into, a typical rule of thumb for a ten speed transmission is to take the closest speed indicated on the speedometer to what you're driving, add the two numbers together, and go into what gear that indicates. For example, if you've missed a gear, and your speed has dropped to about 25 miles per hour, 2 + 5 = 7, so you'd go for 7th gear. However, this really applies only to road tractors (18 wheelers, expedited vans, etc). If you're driving a sitework truck (boom and grapple truck, mobile crane, dump truck, etc.) you'll find that they normally have much taller rear end gears than a road truck, and the formula may not work. For example, I often have to drive a Sterling boom and grapple truck with a ten speed at work, and I use the same formula for gearbox recovery, but I have to add one to the total to find my gear. For example, if I'm recovering at 25 miles per hour, 2+5=7, but I have to add one to the total, and I would aim for 8th gear in recovering.

As for transmissions, I'm assuming you're referring to a straightforward ten speed. You can see the related link for a photo of the shift pattern. On some ten speeds, the positions of 4th/9th and 5th/10th gear will be reversed.

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Q: How to shift a 10 speed strait truck?
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