How were non Muslims treated by Muslims durng their big expansion after Muhammad died?

Answer 1

Answer AI studied this question for a couple days and this is the summed of answer.

Whenever Muslims conquered any land they keep peace. Muslim history is full of examples that proves that Islam is the religion of peace. Its biggest example is when our holy prophet (pbuh) conquered Mecca, he spared the lives and assets.

In the Reign of Hazarat Omar (ra) he took great care of non-Muslims who lived in those areas which were being conquered by Muslims and gave them rights and didn't make any difference between them and Muslims in the affairs of country and justice.

They assured them equal human rights irrelevant to their faiths, colors, cultures, and or social status. Refer to question below.

In sum, they treated them with:

• tolerance
• equal human rights
• free will to select the faith and religion
• justice

Refer to question below

Answer B (Non-Muslim's View)

Muslims treated non-Muslims in a way that was superior to contemporaneous civilizations and introduced the concept of religious tolerance (as opposed to Europe which was practicing the exact opposite at the time). However, it is nothing close to the Muslim conception given above nor was it at all close to equality or Rights. An important thing to note is that the concept of Rights comes out the Enlightenment. Prior to this point, there was a system of privilege wherein the Ruler would provide privileges (out of the kindness of his heart) to a certain group of people to do acts. A person did not have the "right" to anything and this was the mentality worldwide.

The Muslim opinion touches on the Pact of Omar, which was a document of submission signed by the Caliph Omar and defeated Christians and Jews during one of Omar's Wars. While the factual accuracy of that story may be doubted, there is no doubt that the Pact of Omar formed the basis for the treatment of non-Muslims in the conquered territories. The Pact of Omar set out a number of regulations that will be described in this answer.

The Dhimmi, or non-Muslim under Muslim occupation was required by the Pact of Omar to pay a number of taxes that were connected with his Dhimmi status. The most famous was the jizya, which was a tax that Dhimmi had to pay for Muslims for the right to not be killed where they stood for not acknowledging Mohammed's Prophecy; it was a form of humiliation. Additional taxes included the kharaj, which was a tax on non-Muslim land-holdings in the Muslim World. The kharaj was so untenable that most Dhimmi were forced to live in the cities where the tax would not be applicable. The above answer is also incorrect as concerns justice. On paper, a Christian or Jew could testify against a Muslim, but in reality, such testimony was not acceptable and the attempt to defame a Muslim would receive retribution. Christians and Jews were not allowed to build new houses of worship, restore old houses of worship, proselytize in any way (this included religious debate or dialogue), or allow wine or pigs to be shown in public.

Polytheists were forced to convert to Islam with some rare exceptions (such as the Hindus in India). Zoroastrianism was the majority faith in Iran until Islam almost completely extinguished it, both by sword, economic inequality, and brutal repression of Zoroastrian customs (unless they could be Islamicized like Nourouz).

Note: It should be a tad ironic that the Muslim opinion uses the word "conquer" in a sentence describing peaceful conduct. Normally, when somebody is talking about actions of peace and humility, they refer to actions of diplomacy, hard work, and respect. For example, the Tibetan Resistance currently is peaceful because they are not taking up arms, but are taking to negotiating table.

Answer C (Hints on Answer B)

• The jizya to be paid by non-Muslims was not to be not killed. It was for one reason. Non-Muslims were exempted from sharing the military services. That is why they paid Jizya to share military expenses. That why it was not imposed on women, children, old people, and/or unfit people for military service. Regarding the kharaj, this was applied on all citizens; Muslims and non Muslims. Regarding justice, you can refer to history of Islam to recognize how many court cases Jews and Christians won the case against Muslims. Unfortunately the limited space here do not allow to write some of them.

• Never ever any non-Muslim was forced to convert to Islam because it is the explicit Quran teachings that no compulsion in religion. Jews and Christians are called by Muslims as "people of the book" for holding Torah and The Bible that Muslims believe in as God holy books and believe in all God prophets from Adam through Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad (peace be upon them all)

• The ratio of the houses of worship to their relevant followers for non-Muslims in any Muslim majority country is much higher than the ratio for Muslims. Anyone can check these statistics to be sure that it was not restriction on building new houses of worship for non-Muslims and/or restoring old houses of worship but just to maintain even statistics for all religions including Islam. It is the opposite, check in Korea, Japan, UK, USA and you find that this ratio is by far less for Muslims than for Christians and Jews.

• One final point is that Muslims never got control of any country to get more power but only to free the will of their people, to spread peace and civilization, and to guard against their attacks against Muslims and Islam. The historical example of the call of the Christians in Egypt to the Caliph Omar to save them from the tyranny of their rulers at that time is well known.

• It is a pity that some people spread unauthenticated information introduced by media that is biased against Islam. Unfortunately after the decline of communism, the west ranked Islam and Muslim countries as they first enemy and plotted their actions accordingly either through military actions, and/or media, and/or initiating internal disturbances.

• To conclude; Quran says (Meaning English translation): "O mankind, indeed We have created you from male and female and made you peoples and tribes (different nations and different countries) that you may know one another (and cooperate for mankind benefit). Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah (or God and same God worshiped in Christianity and Judaism) is the most righteous of you. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Acquainted" (Quran, 49:13)

Answer 2

Because it is the part of their religion to show tolerance but today Muslims are not good muslims so they do not shoe as much tolerance as required

B:The Historic 'Pact of Omar'

(Dhimmitude: mandatory discrimination under normative Islamic rule)

We heard from 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Ghanam [died 78/697] as follows: When Umar ibn al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him, accorded a peace to the Christians of Syria, we wrote to him as follows:

In the name of God, the Merciful and Compassionate. This is a letter to the servant of God Umar [ibn al-Khattab], Commander of the Faithful, from the Christians of such-and-such a city. When you came against us, we asked you for safe-conduct (aman) for ourselves, our descendants, our property, and the people of our community, and we undertook the following obligations toward you:

1. We shall not build, in our cities or in their neighborhood, new monasteries, Churches, convents, or monks' cells, nor shall we repair, by day or by night, such of them as fall in ruins or are situated in the quarters of the Muslims.
2. We shall keep our gates wide open for passersby and travelers. We shall give board and lodging to all Muslims who pass our way for three days.
3. We shall not give shelter in our churches or in our dwellings to any spy, nor bide him from the Muslims.
4. We shall not teach the Qur'an to our children.
5. We shall not manifest our religion publicly nor convert anyone to it. We shall not prevent any of our kin from entering Islam if they wish it.
6. We shall show respect toward the Muslims, and we shall rise from our seats when they wish to sit.
7. We shall not seek to resemble the Muslims by imitating any of their garments, the qalansuwa, the turban, footwear, or the parting of the hair. We shall not speak as they do, nor shall we adopt their kunyas.
8. We shall not mount on saddles, nor shall we gird swords nor bear any kind of arms nor carry them on our- persons.
9. We shall not engrave Arabic inscriptions on our seals.
10. We shall not sell fermented drinks.
11. We shall clip the fronts of our heads.
12. We shall always dress in the same way wherever we may be, and we shall bind the zunar round our waists
13. We shall not display our crosses or our books in the roads or markets of the Muslims. We shall use only clappers in our churches very softly. We shall not raise our voices when following our dead. We shall not show lights on any of the roads of the Muslims or in their markets. We shall not bury our dead near the Muslims.
14. We shall not take slaves who have been allotted to Muslims.
15. We shall not build houses overtopping the houses of the Muslims.

(When I brought the letter to Umar, may God be pleased with him, he added, "We shall not strike a Muslim.")

We accept these conditions

for ourselves and for the people of our community, and in return we receive safe-conduct.

If we in any way violate these undertakings for which we ourselves stand surety, we forfeit our covenant [dhimma], and we become liable to the penalties for contumacy and sedition.

Umar ibn al-Khittab replied: Sign what they ask, but add two clauses and impose them in addition to those which they have undertaken. They are: "They shall not buy anyone made prisoner by the Muslims," and "Whoever strikes a Muslim with deliberate intent shall forfeit the protection of this pact."

(from Al-Turtushi, Siraj al-Muluk, pp. 229-230)

Answer 3

The answer depends on whether we are discussing how Muslims as individuals are supposed to deal with Non-Muslims as individuals, how Muslim-led governments are supposed to deal with Non-Muslims as communities, or how Muslim communities are supposed to deal with Non-Muslim-led governments. (Q: means a Qur'anic verse that can be consulted to find clarification)

Between Muslims and Non-Muslims as people, Islam teaches its followers to treat those of different, but acceptable religions, such as Judaism and Christianity, with respect and cordiality. Q: 2:136-139. Friendships can occur between Muslims and Non-Muslims, but stronger connections such as intimate relationships are often forbidden unless the non-Muslim is a woman and she consents to have her children brought up as Muslims. Q: 5:5. If the non-Muslim is a man he is not permitted to marry a Muslim woman. If the religion is unacceptable, such as Hinduism or Buddhism, or the person is non-religious, the Muslim is supposed to ignore this person for fear that their beliefs will contaminate the Muslims' thought process. Q: 6:106. Of course, these laws are not stringently followed by everyone, especially in circumstances where Muslims find themselves surrounded by Hindus and Buddhists and would find it impossible to ignore them and so disdain the rule. Most Muslims as individuals find it far easier to follow the idea of tolerating other religions such as is in Q: 109:1-6. However, marriage would be out of the question. Q: 2:221.

Between Muslim-led governments and non-Muslim communities, there is usually a degree of segregation and increased taxation that is supposed to occur, as spelled out in Q: 9:29. Thankfully, most Muslim-led governments no longer engage in the outward actions that defined the Segregated or Dhimmi Status in earlier Islamic States, but there is still a general belief that Muslims should be the priority of a Muslim-led government and that unequal laws are permissible. For example, proselytization of any religion other than Islam is still prohibited in most Muslim-majority countries. Q: 1:6-7, 2:109.

Between Muslim communities and Non-Muslim-led governments, there is often suspicion. Muslims are generally loyal to their Non-Muslim-led countries of residence and have often served proudly in those armies and performed civic duties. However, the Qur'an makes clear that a Muslim should not be loyal to a Non-Muslim-led government. Q: 5:51. The exception to this is if a non-Muslim-led government rules in accordance with Islamic values. Q: 4:59.

Answer 4

It depends on who was treating them and where they were treated. Presumably, this is talking about a state with both Muslims and non-Muslims where Muslims are in power, but this is not necessarily the case. If you are referring to How Muslims treated non-Muslims in the past or present when they were in power, please see the Related Questions.

Answer 5

Answer AIslam religion calls for peace and love among people regardless their religions, cultures, colors, or genders. The word 'Islam' means submission to God. The word is an Arabic word and its root is 'Selm' or 'Salim' that means peace. There are lots of Quran verses as well as prophet Muhammad sayings that command Muslims to maintain kindness and love contacts and relations with non Muslims. Military Jihad (or struggle) is licit only against invaders or attackers who try to occupy Muslim lands and properties, try to expel Muslims from their territories, or try to oppress people against their religious beliefs.

• Be kind to people:

In the Quran, Holy book of Islam, God has said (meaning English Translation):

" God does not forbid you from showing kindness and dealing justly with those who have not fought you about religion and have not driven you out of your homes. God loves just dealers." (Quran, chapter 60/ verse 8).

Even in time of war, Prophet Muhammad (peace upon him) used, in any military conflict, to prohibit soldiers from killing women, children, old people, or any civilian. He would advise them:

{Whoever has killed a person having a treaty with the Muslims shall not smell the fragrance of Paradise, though its fragrance is found for a span of forty years.}

And he also said:

Also, the Prophet Muhammad (peace upon him) listed murder as the second of the major sins (the first major sin is denying the oneness of God), and he even warned that on the Day of Judgment, {The first cases to be adjudicated between people on the Day of Judgment will be those of bloodshed.}

• Be forgiving:

One of the main teachings in Islam is to forgive people in order to be forgiven by God. The concept of forgiveness and tolerance is one of the most fundamental tenets of Islam.

Quran says (meaning English translation):

"Show forgiveness, enjoin what is good, and turn away from the foolish (i.e don't count on their doings" (Quran, chapter 7, verse 199) Also, Quran says:

"A good action and a bad action are not the same. Repel the bad with something better and, if there is enmity between you and someone else, he will be like a bosom friend." (Quran, chapter 41, verse 34) God has always described forgiveness as a superior quality and, in one verse, He promised that such behavior will be rewarded. This Quran verse is:

"The repayment of a bad action is one equivalent to it. But if someone pardons and puts things right, his reward is with God. Certainly He does not love wrongdoers." (Quran, chapter 42, verse 40)

In another Quran verse, God describes whom He loves. "those who give in times of both ease and hardship, those who control their rage and pardon other people - God loves the good-doers" (Quran, chapter 3, verse 134)

From the above it is understood that Islam calls Muslims to show forgiveness, tolerance, and rebelling the bad with better saying and better doing when dealing with people regardless their beliefs, cultures, colors, etc.

• Do more than as you would done by

It is not enough ' Do as you would done by' but you must give in full what it due from you, whether you expect or wish to receive full consideration from the other side or not. Quran says(English meaning translation): " Woe to those that deal in fraud" (Quran, chapter 83, verse 1)

• Respect all other religions

Muslims are commanded to believe in all God prophets and in all God holy books and to accept and respect all other religions, cultures, and races.

Quran says (Meaning English translation):

"There is no compulsion in religion..." (Quran, Chapter 2, Verse 256)

This statement above is supported by another Quran saying (with meaning English translation):

"...If God had willed, He would have made you all in one nation and one religion), but that He (God) left you in different religions to compete in good deeds and society benefits. The return of all of you is to God; then He (God) will inform you about that in which you differ" (Quran, Chapter 5, Verse 48)

• Be honest

Be honest with God, your self, your marriage partner, relatives and friends, work boss and coworkers, society and community, and environment. (see related question for more information). Enough to say the following here:

to be honest with your society and community requires you:

• to respect other religions and cultures
• to give charities to who they need
• to voluntarily help in community development
• to accept opposite views
• to spread peace and love
• to spread justice

Whenever Muslims conquered any land they keep peace. Muslim history is full of examples that proves that Islam is the religion of peace. Its biggest example is when prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) conquered Mecca (or Makkah), he spared the lives and assets and didn't practice any revenge against who expelled the prophet from his birth town and deprived him from all his properties.

In the Reign of the Caliph Omar (God be pleased with him) he took great care of non-Muslims who lived in those areas which were being conquered by Muslims and maintained all their rights as Muslims.

In brief, Muslims treated non-Muslims with:

• tolerance
• equal human rights
• free will to select the faith and religion
• justice
• freedom to practice their rituals

Refer to related questions below for more information.

Answer BIn the Middle Ages, Muslims treated non-Muslims in a way that was superior to contemporaneous civilizations and introduced the concept of religious tolerance (as opposed to Europe which was practicing the exact opposite at the time). However, it is nothing close to equality or Rights. An important thing to note is that the concept of Rights comes out the Enlightenment. Prior to this point, there was a system of privilege wherein the Ruler would provide privileges (out of the kindness of his heart) to a certain group of people to do acts. A person did not have the "right" to anything and this was the mentality worldwide.

The Pact of Omar was a document of submission signed by the Caliph Omar and defeated Christians and Jews during one of Omar's Wars. While the factual accuracy of that story may be doubted, there is no doubt that the Pact of Omar formed the basis for the treatment of non-Muslims in the conquered territories. The Pact of Omar set out a number of regulations that will be described in this answer.

The Dhimmi, or non-Muslim under Muslim occupation was required by the Pact of Omar to pay a number of taxes that were connected with his Dhimmi status. The most famous was the jizya, which was a tax that Dhimmi had to pay for Muslims for the right to not be killed where they stood for not acknowledging Mohammed's Prophecy; it was a form of humiliation. Additional taxes included the kharaj, which was a tax on non-Muslim* land-holdings in the Muslim World. The kharaj was so untenable that most Dhimmi were forced to live in the cities where the tax would not be applicable. There was also inequality concerning the justice system. On paper, a Christian or Jew could testify against a Muslim, but in reality, such testimony was not acceptable and the attempt to defame a Muslim would receive retribution. Christians and Jews were not allowed to build new houses of worship, restore old houses of worship, proselytize in any way (this included religious debate or dialogue), or allow wine or pigs to be shown in public.

Polytheists were forced to convert to Islam with some rare exceptions (such as the Hindus in India). Zoroastrianism was the majority faith in Iran until Islam almost completely extinguished it, both by sword, economic inequality, and brutal repression of Zoroastrian customs (unless they could be Islamicized like Nourouz).

This system of inequality between Muslims and non-Muslims persisted up to the colonial period, when it reversed. As a result of colonization, the segregated Dhimmi System gave way to a new, modern bureaucratic system where Europeans were the dominant class and natives, regardless of their religion were second-class, unless they became part of the bureaucracy. To do this, a person would require an education in order to become literate and be able to successfully perform functions in the Arab World. As Jews and Christians sought education, they were able to ascend the hierarchy and become relatively powerful compared to the Muslim majority. When the Islamic World became independent, only the Lebanese Christians were able to maintain this dominant position (and only until the Lebanese Civil War of 1975-1991). In other countries, the end of colonization saw a brief rise in Anti-Semitism followed by a mass exodus of Jews from majority-Muslim countries for Israel, UK, France, the United States and Canada. Those Jews and Christians who remained garnered a more equal status than anything that they had previously had under Muslim leadership, but still are unequal in terms of their inability to proselytize, the unofficial "requirement" to avoid offending Islam in public, and the need to seek the authority of high government officials to build new houses of worship or to repair existing ones.

*Although Muslims also had to pay the kharaj in theory, in practice the tax rate for kharaj on Muslims was slight compared to the amount required by the Dhimmi peoples.

Answer C (Comment on Answer B)

• The jizya to be paid by non-Muslims was not to be not killed. It was for one reason. Non-Muslims were exempted from sharing the military services. That is why they paid Jizya to share military expenses. That why it was not imposed on women, children, old people, and/or unfit people for military service.
• Never ever any non-Muslim was forced to convert to Islam because it is the explicit Quran teachings.
• The ratio of the houses of worship to their relevant followers for non-Muslims in any Muslim majority country is much higher than the ratio for Muslims. Anyone can check these statistics to be sure that it was not restriction on building new houses of worship for non-Muslims and/or restoring old houses of worship but just to maintain even statistics for all religions including Islam. It is the opposite, check in Korea, Japan, UK, USA and you find that this ratio is by far less for Muslims than for Christians and Jews.
• One final point is that Muslims never got control of any country to get more power but only to free the will of their people, to spread peace and civilization, and to guard against their attacks against Muslims and Islam. The historical example of the call of the Christians in Egypt to the Caliph Omar to save them from the tyranny of their rulers at that time is well known.
• It is pity that some people spread unauthenticated information introduced by media that is biased against Islam. Unfortunately after the decline of communism, the west ranked Islam and Muslim countries as they first enemy and plotted their actions accordingly either through military actions, and/or media, and/or initiating internal disturbances.
• To conclude; Quran says (Meaning English translation): "O mankind, indeed We have created you from male and female and made you peoples and tribes that you may know one another. Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Acquainted" (49:13)

Answer 6

According to strict Islamic teaching from the Koran they are commanded to kill them if they do not repent i.e. convert to Islam. They may allow them to live (here talking about where Islam rules) if they pay a tax (very high). In countries where Islamists are not in power strict Muslims are usually prohibited from carrying out strict Koranic teaching. In many of these countries Muslims choose to live in peace.

Answer 7

after muhammad died, the no muslims were treated badly because the same rules did not apply for the non muslims and muslims. after muhammad died, the country went bad and good because during that time, the islams learned how to make paper and use gun powder. they also learned about trading.

Answer 8

The captured people were practically the laves in the historical times when slavery was practiced. And they were offered freedom upon certain deeds of community welfare such as teaching ten Muslim children how to read and write.

Answer 9

Muslims are also people.

Answer 10

Muslims treat people well, in the quran it says that you (muslims) have a religion and so do they, muslims treat ppl nicely and other epople should do the same