In 1300 Italy was not yet a state , but a myriad of independent feudal seignories, city states, maritime republics, the States of the Church and states subject to foreign monarchies. Therefore Italy as a whole had no monopoly. The Maritime Republics of Genoa, Venice, Pisa had the monopoly of the maritime routes to the Mediterranean Eastern States, that means they had also the monopoly of the spice trade.
persian trade routes,african trade routes,ocean trade routes,mediterranean trade routes,and silk roads.
Venice did because all the trade routes went right through it. I don't know about Portugal.
Throughout the Mediterranean Sea.
Suez
Successful trade routes from Europe to the Orient included...going across the Mediterranean, then walking across Asia (Silk Road)going across the Mediterranean, through the Suez Canal, through the Indian oceangoing around the coast of Africa and through the Indian Oceangoing across the Atlantic, around South America, across the Pacificgoing across the Atlantic, through the Panama Canal, across the Pacific
The silk Road...
True
True
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silk road
The Romans' trade routes reached all corners of the Roman Empire. There were sea routes around the Mediterranean and on the Black Sea. There were overland routes through Arabia, Syria, Turkey, Thrace and Greece and though Illryria and Dacia in the east and through Gaul, and Hispania and Mauritiania (northern Morocco) in the west. There were the amber roads which reached Poland via Germany. There was the network of the silk road which connected China and India to the eastern Mediterranean via Persia. The Red Sea was a route for trade with Ethiopia, Arabia and India.