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First of all, we should know what a mole and molar mass of an element means. Then answering this question would be easy.

Mole is a number( like pi, 1, 2, etc.). It is approximately 6.0225 *1023 . 1 mole of anything is same as the number of atoms in 12 grams of Carbon C12 sample. The mass of mole of an element/compound is called it's molar mass expressed in grams. The molar mass of a monoatomic element is equal to it's mass number.

So, we know Ca's mass number = 40.

that means 1 mole of Ca weighs 40 grams.

=>1/40 mole of Ca weighs 1 gram.

=>(1/40)*23 moles of Ca weighs 23.0 gram.

=>0.575 moles of Ca weighs 23.0 gram.

So there are 0.575 moles of Ca atoms in 23.0g of Ca

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