Copernicus

His theory was that the earth revolves around the sun, as opposed to the popular belief at the time that the sun revolves around the earth. He was right.

Yes, Copernicus was eventually proven to be correct. But at the time he said he could not prove his hypothesis and taught it as just that - an hypothesis. He never got himself in trouble with the Catholic Church. Galileo, on the other hand, picked up the theory of Copernicus and taught it as proven fact, which it wasn't. THAT is what got Galileo into trouble. He actually had many supporters in the Church, including the pope.

Several things limit which celestial objects can be seen with a telescope on Earth.

- The apparent magnitude of the object.

- The telescope you are using, tracking system and camera capability.

- Weather conditions, atmospheric and light pollution affecting airglow.

- The elevation of the object: lower in the sky means a thicker slice of atmosphere to interfere, more limitation.

- Your elevation relative to sea level: lower elevation means a thicker slice of atmosphere to interfere, more limitation.

- Red Shift - the object you are observing is moving away so fast that the color of the light reaching us has dropped into the infrared range, invisible to the human eye.

Generally, the faintest objects observable in visible light with 8m ground-based telescope is about 27.

All of the planets plus the sun revolve around the Earth

He attended the University of Bologna, the University of Padua, the University of Ferrara, and Jagiellonian University. That is all I know.

The term Scientific Revolution reflects the importance of Copernicus' contention that the Earth rotated on its axis and revolved around the Sun. The term Revolution was then used to describe the overthrow of old ideas, or old political systems. His view of the Universe challenged preconceived notions that had been accepted unquestioningly for thousands of years. His work opened the door for Kepler and Galileo to begin to explore what is, as opposed to what people assume to be.

Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model of the universe, with the Sun at the center and the planets orbiting around it, while Ptolemy's model placed the Earth at the center. By providing a simpler explanation for planetary motion and accurately predicting the positions of celestial bodies, Copernicus's model challenged the complexity of Ptolemy's geocentric theory and gained acceptance over time.

Amadeus is best

He was the first person in history to create a complete and general system, combining mathematics, physics, and cosmology.

It was not an immediate improvement and actually it used more epicycles than the Ptolemaic mode so was more complicated.

But the idea that the Sun is at the centre was taken up by Kepler in his studies of planets' orbits that led to the laws of planetary motion and eventually to the dynamic model of the solar system devised by Newton and others, which is the generally accepted model at the present time.

He influenced the world by spreading intellectual independence by going against the church, provoking other scientists such as Galileo to question the churches power in science and finally started the scientific revolution (Many inventions and new ideas).

One of the things he was bothered by was the long-held belief of Aristotle that

objects, including the Earth, naturally come to rest unless they are forced to move by

an external force(the motion of the other planets was considered special- they had the

property of quintessence so that their natural state was to move in circles). One thing

that bothered Copernicus is that nobody could imagine a force large enough to keep the

Earth moving around the Sun. Galileo and Newton understood that objects had inertia-

that they tended to keep moving in a straight line at constant speed (or sit still) unless

acted on by an external force- in the cases of objects 'naturally' coming to rest, friction

was identified as the responsible force. So for the Earth, there doesn't need to be an

external force to keep it moving, just so long as it isn't being affected by friction. As we

will learn in subsequent chapters, gravity is what keeps the Earth moving in an ellipse

around the Sun rather than just moving through space in a straight line.

There was another prevailing argument against the moving Earth. It went something

like this: if the Earth were to move around the Sun, it would have to be traveling at

speeds of around 30 km/s to make it all the way around in one year (that bit's pretty

much right). People argued that if a bird were to drop from a tree to snatch up a worm,

and it took one second for it land, the Earth would have therefore moved some 30 km

out from under the bird, leaving it mighty confused in a neighboring county just before

it met with a presumably unpleasant and messy landing. Since birds had been observed

to drop from trees to eat worms, with confusion and harm coming only to the worm,

people argued that there was no way the Earth could be moving around the Sun. What

these people did not understand is the concept of relative motion: the bird and the air

were moving around the Sun, with the Earth at 30 km/s, so the velocity of both the bird

and air, relative to the Earth, were basically zero (not counting a gentle breeze or the

bird's downward velocity as it fell).

In 1530, Copernicus completed and gave to the world his great work De Revolutionibus, which asserted that the earth rotated on its axis once daily and traveled around the sun once yearly: a fantastic concept for the times.

It represented a change in scientific thought

The Church maintained the biblical view that the Earth was at the centre of the universe. They heard of Copernicus's idea but said that until enough evidence could be produced for it they would maintain the scriptural view of the universe.

Enough evidence was produced in the 18th century but by that time opinions on both sides were well entrenched by a damaging dispute between the Church and Galileo, who said he was cleverer than all the cardinals, so it took considerably longer for the official Catholic position to change.

The retrograde motion of the planets is well modelled by both the Ptolemaic system and the Copernican system, and by the other models.

But the Copernican system explains it more simply because, for example, Mars's retrograde motion is caused simply when Mars is overtaken by the Earth, which goes more quickly round the Sun.

Thus an observer on the Earth sees Mars appearing to go 'backwards' on the ecliptic around the time of closest approach (opposition). This can be easily demonstrated by assuming simple circular orbits.

because of his astronomy

Nicolau Coelho died in 1504.

Copernicus came up with a new theory of the planets' movements among the stars in 1543. It had the Sun at the centre instead of the Earth, which was in the centre in the ancient Ptolemaic theory. Both theories used circles and epicycles to describe the planet's orbits, which they modelled quite accurately. Copernicus's theory was promoted by Galileo.

The modern theory retains Copernicus's idea of placing the Sun at the centre, but it uses elliptical orbits for the planets and was devised by Kepler (1609) working with the latest observations by Tycho Brahe.

yes, it is,because man is a natural born

can i have an explanation on this?

Copernicus was never imprisoned.

That idea is called heliocentric.

copernicus

the heliocentric theory is the theory that the sun is in the center of the universe. the geocentric theory is the theory that the earth is in the center of the universe
Geocentric models had the earth as the center of the universe with the sun and all the planets orbiting it. Heliocentric models (the current accepted ones) have the sun as the center, with the earth and planets orbiting it.
Geocentric was the idea developed by the Greek philosopher Aristotle of an earth-centered view of the solar system. With Christianity's influence, people had thought that God put Earth in the center of the universe. Heliocentric came later on by Italian astronomer Galileo that the sun was put at the center of the solar system while Earth and all the other planets orbit around it.

A heliocentric model is a model of the planets' movements that places the Sun at the centre of the Solar System.

Copernicus's model published in 1543 was the first heliocentric model. It resembled the Ptolemaic model in respect of the circles and epicycles that were used to explain the planets' movements.

Kepler's model published in 1609 was also heliocentric, but it used planar elliptical orbits for the planets, which follow Kepler's 3 laws of planetary motion. It is now the accepted model.