Evolution

All animals share the same genetic code, the same, or very similar biochemical pathways. All animals share physiological similarities from the cell to the epidermis. All animals share behavioral similarities.

Answer

All animals have similar traits. All have the same sorts of cells (no cell walls, centrioles, only small vacuoles if any) for example. This is evidence that all animals have a common ancestor. It fits the model of animal common ancestry, it fits the hypothesis. Since animals breed using DNA as a hereditary material, then their offspring are capable of inheriting traits. If the common ancestor of all of a group has a trait, then we can reasonably assume that all its descendents should inherit that trait. And that works in reverse too. If all members of a vast group share a character, then it is violently possible that they all inherited it from a common ancestor. Take the homology of limb bones of mammals to illustrate this principle in a tiny subset of mammals or the shell-possession of molluscs as another homology (yes, all molluscs have shells - even squid). It is easy to see that mammals should all have a common ancestor. It is (relatively) easy to hypothesise that all molluscs have a common ancestor. What about all animals, ALL animals? We have forgotten, by the way, the most modern way to examine relationships - DNA analysis. DNA analysis shall confirm that all animals form a clade, a monophyly, a single group arising from a common ancestor. That must be the greatest vindication of the animalian hypothesis for biologists - that DNA can confirm that all animals have a common ancestor.

First, there is no "the correct sequence". There is the most likely sequence of key historical developments as best as can be established by science.

Second, there is no "the brain". There is a wide variety of more or less complex central nervous systems, most of which have a focal node of some sort that can be called 'brain'.

The simplest of such central nervous system, and most likely the first type to emerge, is no more than a chord of nerves along the length of the organism, with or without ventral extensions, terminated by a 'knot' of nerves forming the 'brain'. Such simple nervous systems can still be found in flatworms.

Arguably the most complex brain known to us is the human brain. In the structure of this brain we can see something of the evolutionary development of brains in our lineage: layered from the basic 'reptilian brain' to the most recent development, the neocortex. (Note that referring to these layers as the "reptilian", "paleomammalian", or "neomammalian complex" can no longer be considered scientifically accurate, given that recent findings have pushed back the development of complex behaviour and associated neural structures much further back in time.)

Without mutation there can be no evolution. Without evolution there can be no speciation.

The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution was created in 1983.

The next stage of human evolution is called homo sapiens sapiens.

More accurately, evolution has no "stages". Species names are merely labels attached to a particular morphotype - and since morphologies are continuously changing, must be considered arbitrary. Although the force of natural selection is greatly reduced in the human species, we are still evolving. However, predicting what direction our evolution will take requires the consideration of so many factors that it can't really be done.

The Major Transitions in Evolution was created in 1995.

Evolutionists determine that two organisms have a common ancestor is by looking at fossil evidence in different rock layers using the law of Superposition (Oldest layers are on the bottom, newest are on the top) and compare the skulls or other bones to each other in order of oldest to newest (or newest to oldest). Another way to determine this is to examine the amount of DNA a certain species shares with another species. An example of this would be that Humans share roughly 90% of our DNA with chimpanzees or the other Great Apes.

Dance Evolution happened in 2010.

they can produce fertile offspring

microevolution can lead to macroevolution

Isolated populations evolve differences gradually as they adapt to the environment

This is the fundamental premise of the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection; the environment has a fundamental impact on the adaptations and evolution of organisms. The environment "selects" for those specimens that survive to have more offspring. Those animals that cannot survive are selected against.

By evolution

All life is the result of evolution.

We often debate the way a baseball should be thrown or that someone wrote in an article that the way to hold a gun when shooting is THIS way not THAT way.
The people who oppose the idea of evolution are those who take the Christian bible literally.
Creationism is a religious belief. It says that all life began all at once just a few thousand years ago and has not changed.
Evolution says no to that view point. The universe is billions of years old and that things changed slowly over time and organisms adapt to survive in those changing environments.
These two will never agree and creationism should be seen in a religious light.

natural selection is a passive prosess . the mechanism of some individuals to be selected more than others is because they fit their environment more. and phenotype shows the fitness .

Kimura (1968) • The vast majority of evolutionary changes at the molecular level are caused by random drift of selectively neutral mutants (not affecting fitness) ! The Molecular Clock.

Fossils themselves can very rarely be dated by any means...their age is usually judged by the geological assessment of the area and layer in which they are found

It is the only theory presented that explains the existence of different species and the different versions/implementations within a species. It is based on various scientific based studies made over time by accepted scientists. All other beliefs are based on religious beliefs, mythology, superstition or suggestions of alien intervention.

Although the evolutionary theories have flaws (many flaws) and contradictory evidence, no other scientific based alternatives have been presented with enough evidence to warrant being accepted and until that occurs, the currently accepted beliefs will prevail, as will the religious beliefs, mythology, superstition and suggestions of alien intervention.

the sharing of common ancestors within the species' evolutionary history.

They evolved in response to changing selection pressures (specifically predation by birds) as levels of pollution changed. The pollution reduced the effectiveness of the moths natural camouflage, resulting in the more visible moths being eaten by birds in large quantities, the less visible moths then were the only ones reproducing and their color became dominate in the population.

Charles Darwin was not qualified to make such theory, he was a naturalist and as such had a bias against the involvement of supernatural forces thus rendering his conclusions scientifically invalid. His education consisted of parts of the subjects of medicine, taxidermy, plant taxonomy, theology, geology, and few other things that related to the nature of his claims. his assumptions were based off observations he witnessed on the Galapagos Islands and influenced by a book he read on the voyage to the islands. The book stated that a river had carved away at a landscape to form a valley, Darwin believed that other things in the world were formed this way when he saw that there were finches on the islands he saw that they were different from the ones he had known at his home, he also observed that they changed from island to island. The conclusion he drew from this is that these birds must have shared a common ancestor and over time became similar creatures. His reasoning was influenced by the book because he believed that time was "carving" certain creatures into different ones through "evolution" he decided that if finches evolved this was then why not all creatures? The fundamental flaw in his conclusion is that he didn't have the instruments of the modern world and thus couldn't come to the reality that the finches were adaptations of the same creature, because they had lived on the Galapagos islands for a long time they "adapted" to life on the islands instead of the mainland. Darwin himself said "if science should prove me wrong than i am wrong" unfortunately evolution's claims violate several laws of physics, however many people refuse to accept this truth because they simply wish to remove God from life. Darwin studied theology and was actually trained to be a pastor he stated that in no way was his theory meant to usurp the supernatural authority of God, how he was trained to be a pastor AND a naturalist i really don't know.

When nothing happens to exert strong population pressure on that population, natural selection favors the allele frequency already present. When mutations cause new traits, natural selection weeds these traits out because they're not as efficient as the others.