Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Within the chloroplasts, chlorophyll absorbs sunlight and converts it into chemical energy, which is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Chlorophyll, a pigment in chloroplasts, captures sunlight and converts it into chemical energy through photosynthesis. Oxygen is also produced as a byproduct of this process.

The raw materials (reactants) for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, water, and light energy. Carbon dioxide is absorbed from the air through tiny pores on plant leaves called stomata, while water is taken up by the roots from the soil. Light energy is captured by the pigment chlorophyll in the chloroplasts of plant cells to drive the photosynthetic reactions.

There are a total of eight reactions that take place during the Krebs cycle. These reactions involve the oxidation of acetyl-CoA to produce carbon dioxide, ATP, and reducing equivalents. The cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and is a key step in cellular respiration.

Leaves change color in the fall due to changes in daylight and temperature, not winter. In winter, when days are shorter and temperatures drop, trees go into dormancy. This stops the production of chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for green color in leaves, causing them to turn brown and fall off.

The simplest look of photosynthesis will show that there are two photosystems. Photosystem II, P680, is important in initiating photosynthesis by exciting electrons to move down the electron transport chain. 680 nm is the optimal wavelength of light for this photosystem. Photosystem I, P700, transfers electrons to ferrodoxin which transfers electrons to the ferrodoxin NADP+ reductase; the NADPH formed here will be used in the Calvin cycle. 700 nm is the optimal wavelength of light for which this photosystem is most active.

RuBP, PGA, ATP

For apex--- Point a.

Plants carry out photosynthesis primarily in their leaves. Specifically, photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts within the leaf cells. The main organs involved in photosynthesis are the leaves, but other green parts of the plant like stems and even unripe fruit can also perform photosynthesis to some extent.

The product of photosynthesis is glucose, a simple sugar that plants create by combining carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. This glucose serves as the primary source of energy for plants and is used in various cellular processes to support growth and development.

Carbon dioxide is a by-product of oxidative metabolism whereby sugars are broken down and their carbon molecules are transformed to C02 with the 02 coming from inhaled oxygen. Carbon dioxide leaves the body by diffusing from the tissue into the blood then leaving the body through the lungs.

Chloroplasts are the organelles that carry out the process of photosynthesis in plant cells. They contain chlorophyll, the pigment that captures light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis involve an enzyme called ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase taking a molecule of NADP+ and adding two electrons to form NADPH. This process occurs in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.

Photosynthesis would not occur because plants need sunlight in order to live. Sunlight is converted into the chemical energy that plants can use for growing, reproduction, etc. Without light, plants can't gain enough energy.

Nonphotosynthetic plants live as parasites. Some examples are Indian pipe (Monotropa uniflora) and the snow plant (Sarcodes sanguinea), which are related to huckleberries and blueberries. But the main plant is Marijuana (Pot).

The purpose of the Calvin Benson cycle, also known as the Calvin cycle or the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, is to convert carbon dioxide into energy-rich molecules like glucose. This cycle occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and uses ATP and NADPH generated during the light-dependent reactions to drive the synthesis of sugars that can be used as energy sources by the plant.

Desert plants have adaptations to reduce water loss during photosynthesis. They typically have small leaves or spines to minimize surface area, and some use a specialized form of photosynthesis called CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) which allows them to open their stomata at night to minimize water loss. These adaptations help desert plants survive in arid conditions while still carrying out photosynthesis for energy production.

The mechanism of pulmonary respiration: It includes breathing movement, exchange of gases, in lungs, transport of gases by blood and exchange of gase by tissue. ScienceRespiratory SystemGeneticsBiologyHuman Anatomy and PhysiologyEating DisordersCell Biology (cytology)Muscular SystemCellular RespirationHealthElements and CompoundsEcosystems.

Leaves

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Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is cellular energy made from ADP (adenosine diphosphate). When the bond of the third phosphate group is broken, energy is released and you are left with ADP. Which can be made back into ATP by ATP synthases or substrate level phosphorylation.

In photosynthesis, Z stands for zeaxanthin, which is a type of pigment that helps to protect the plant from damage caused by excess light. Zeaxanthin plays a role in dissipating excess energy and protecting the plant's photosynthetic machinery from photodamage.

Oxygen is the gas used by eukaryotic cells for cellular respiration. Oxygen is required for the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which is the final stage of cellular respiration where ATP is produced.

Paramecium are heterotrophs (consumers) so they do not go through photosynthesis. They consume their food through a process called phagocystosis (a process where the cell engulfs food particles by forming membrane-bound vesicles that enter the cytoplasm)