Photosynthesis

Electrons released by chlorophyll during photosynthesis are replaced by splitting water molecules in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. This process, known as photolysis, generates oxygen and protons, while providing electrons to keep the photosystem working.

Photosynthesis does not happen in roots; it occurs in the leaves of plants. Respiration, on the other hand, does occur in roots as it is essential for energy production. Combustion and neutralization do not typically occur in plant roots.

The Calvin cycle is a part of photosynthesis where carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is converted into glucose, a carbon-based molecule. This glucose, along with other carbohydrates produced in the Calvin cycle, serves as the main energy source for plants. When you eat plants or plant-based foods, you consume these carbon-based molecules, which are then used by your body for energy and building blocks in cellular processes.

The man who worked out the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) of photosynthesis is Melvin Calvin. He was an American biochemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1961 for his research on the pathway by which carbon is assimilated in plants.

Glucose actually isn't really formed in the Calvin Cycle. The product of the cycle is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. This might look familiar - it is. This is the intermediate in glycolysis after the 6 carbon sugar splits into 3 carbon chunks.

After the Calvin Cycle glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate can be used directly as an immediate source of energy, or it can be modefied to become glucose (and then possibly paired to form sucrose for transport in the plant and then joined even more to make starch for storage in roots).

No, the Krebs cycle is not part of photosynthesis. The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of cells to produce energy from the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Meat tenderizers are proteolytic enzymes. These enzymes break the peptide bonds between proteins (amino acids) found in meat. Collagen is the complex protein that holds meat together. Some tenderizers are made of pineapple stem and papaya. These have natural proteollytic enzymes.

Animal cells do not undergo photosynthesis. This process is exclusive to plant cells, where they use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Animal cells obtain their energy through processes like cellular respiration, which produce energy from nutrients.

Acetone may be considered the solute and air the solvent.

If one of the elements of photosynthesis, such as light, water, carbon dioxide, or chlorophyll, was not present, plants would not be able to carry out photosynthesis effectively. This would lead to a decrease in the production of glucose and oxygen, which are essential for the plant's growth and survival. Over time, the plant would weaken and eventually die.

NADP is a co enzyme which acts as a hydrogen carrier. The role of NADP is to carry the hydrogen atom from the light dependent stage, which comes from the water molecule ( water molecule splits to form H+ , 2electrons & oxygen, which is a waste gas). NADP carries this hydrogen atom n gets reduced. the reducing power of reduced NADPH reduces the 3 Carbon acid tht has the grp ( -COOH )...to a 3 Carbon sugar that has an aldehyde group ( -CHO ) known as Glyceraldehyde phosphate, which is a triose phosphate. This is the first carbohydrate in photosynthesis. The reason for the conversion of GP to TP is because TP contains more chemical energy.

No, animal cells lack chlorophyll pigments. Chlorophyll is primarily found in plant cells and is responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Animal cells obtain energy through other means, such as consuming plants or other animals.

Any extra energy (food) which is left over is stored as starch

Factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis are

1) Light intensity: - the brightness which increases the rate of photosynthesis if increased

2) Light quality: - the color of the light (chlorophyll absorbs red and blue and reflects green, orange, and yellow so red and blue are preferable)

3) CO2 concentration: - the more CO2 the more photosynthesis will occur.

4) chlorophyll availability: - the more chlorophyll the more photosynthesis will occur.

5) water: - INDIRECTLY as if there is little water the plant will stop transpiration by closing the stomata keeping the water inside, but not allowing gaseous diffusion.

Protons accumulate inside the thylakoid compartment during photosynthesis. This gradient is essential for the production of ATP through ATP synthase.

Without a central vacuole, the plant would be compromised in its ability to store nutrients, maintain turgor pressure, and regulate various metabolic processes. As a result, the plant would likely experience stunted growth, wilting, and increased susceptibility to stressors such as drought or nutrient deficiencies. The lack of a central vacuole would severely impact the plant's overall health and longevity.

Green light is the least effective color for photosynthesis because chlorophyll, the pigment in plants that absorbs light for photosynthesis, reflects green wavelengths, making it less available for the process. Red and blue light are more efficient for photosynthesis.

Through photosystem II the excited electrons go down a electron transport chain pumping hydrogen ions into the thylacoid space where these ions fall down through an ATP synthase making ATP. In photosystem I the electron transport chain reduces NADP+ to NADPH, an electron carrier.

These molecules now are used in the Calvin cycle to fix carbon into sugars for the plant.

A simplified explanation.

The balanced equation for photosynthesis using common terms is: 6 carbon dioxide + 6 water + light energy -> glucose + 6 oxygen.