Ptolemy

The earth-centered model created by Ptolemy is called the Ptolemaic model or geocentric model. It proposed that the Earth was the center of the universe, with all celestial bodies moving around it in circular orbits.

Ptolemy's biggest discovery was his geocentric model of the universe, which believed that the Earth was at the center of the universe with planets and stars moving around it in circular orbits. This model dominated Western astronomy for over a thousand years.

The main difference was that Ptolemy's model was geocentric (Earth-centred) and Copernicus's was heliocentric (Sun-centred). Ptolemy's model came from ancient times while Copernicus's was much later (1543).

Both models represented the planets' orbits by using combinations of circles and epicycles to explain the way the planets move among the stars.

Copernicus found that the orbits of the inner planets could be explained more simply. That is to say that the epicycles used for all the orbits were smaller, and for the inner planets a lot smaller.

Both models represented the planets' positions with reasonable accuracy given the crude observational methods used in those days.

Until gravity and the laws of dynamics were discovered about 150 years after the publication of Copernicus's system, there was no way of deciding which model was the 'right' one.

Aristotle's emphasis on observation and logic laid the foundation for the scientific method, which is still used today. Ptolemy's geocentric model of the universe influenced early astronomy and sparked debates that eventually led to the development of heliocentrism by Copernicus and Galileo.

Ptolemy grew up in Alexandria, which was a prominent city in ancient Egypt known for its cultural and intellectual significance. He was part of the Ptolemaic dynasty, which ruled Egypt following the death of Alexander the Great.

Ptolemy's theory accounted mathematically for the movement of the planets, Sun and Moonand the stars.
However, Ptolemy thought the Earth is the center of the universe, which is wrong. Galileo helped prove that the Sun is the center of our solar system by the use of his homemade telescope. Ptolemy thought that the Sun, planets, and stars rested on crystal spheres that revolved around Earth. Ptolemy had toput in things called "epicycles" and other ideas, to make his system work.

The heliocentric model proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus contradicted Ptolemy's geocentric model. Copernicus suggested that the Sun, rather than the Earth, was at the center of the solar system.

Claudius Ptolemy was a famous writer from Alexandria, said to have died in 168 AD. He was also known to be well-versed in the fields of math, geography, astrology, astronomy and poetry. One of his most famous quotes comes from his work 'The Almagest, which is as follows: ÒI know that I am mortal by nature, and ephemeral; but when I trace at my pleasure the windings to and fro of the heavenly bodies I no longer touch the earth with my feet: I stand in the presence of Zeus himself and take my fill of ambrosia.Ó

Cleopatra, like all of the Ptolomies, was Greek.

Cleopatra's brother, Ptolemy XIII, drowned in the Nile River during a battle against Caesar's forces in 47 BC. The exact circumstances surrounding his death are unclear, but it is believed that he either drowned or was killed during the conflict.

Archaeologists found artifacts such as coins with Cleopatra's image, statues, and inscriptions with her name to prove Cleopatra VII was alive. They also uncovered items related to her palace and possessions, offering indirect evidence of her existence. Additionally, her burial site and artifacts related to her relationship with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony have also been discovered.

Earths faster motion makes Mars appear to be going backwards, the backwards motion, in fact, is what caused retrograde motion. --Ptloemy used Epicycles to explain how geocentrical models worked.

Scientists such as Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo Galilei developed ideas that contradicted Ptolemy's geocentric model of the universe. Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model with the sun at the center, while Galileo's observations through a telescope supported this idea, leading to the eventual acceptance of the heliocentric model.

Copernicus and Galileo were two major figures whose ideas contradicted Ptolemy's geocentric model. Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model with the Sun at the center of the solar system, while Galileo used observations through a telescope to support this view and challenge Ptolemaic beliefs.

Ptolemy's book "Geography" provided Columbus with outdated and inaccurate maps that underestimated the size of the Earth, leading Columbus to believe he could reach Asia by sailing westward. This misconception ultimately played a significant role in Columbus's decision to explore the New World in 1492.

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He Was Born In Egypt

In Egypt there are temple carvings of Cleopatra making offerings to the gods. There are also statues of Cleopatra in the Egyptian style and there is a famous bust of someone they say is Cleopatra. But the best evidence for her existence is in the various coins dating to her reign and bearing her picture.

The philosopher Euclid is traditionally attributed with saying, "There is no royal road to geometry," to King Ptolemy I of Egypt. This statement emphasizes that geometry requires diligent study and cannot be mastered through shortcuts or privileged treatment.

Her date of birth is 5th of September 35bc

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yes

If you are referring to Ptolemy VIII, yes, he did. It was his sister and co-ruler, Cleopatra.

He published Geometry books and came up with a way to calculate astronomical movements.

Ptolemy developed several mathematical models to describe the motions of the sun, the moon, the planets and the stars. The book that describes these models is called "The Almagest" or "Ptolemy's Almagest". The models all assume:

1. The earth is stationary.

2. All objects travel with uniform speed on a perfectly circular orbit.

However, a model that placed the earth in the centre of the orbits of all other objects would not work because it does not account for various anomalies, including the varying length of seasons, the irregularity of eclipses of the moons and the retrograde motion of the planets. Ptolemy used two mathematical devices to deal with the anomalies: eccentricity (an offset from the centre of a circle) and epicycles - circular orbits whose centre (or eccentric) itself traveled in a uniform circular orbit.

Much of the material in The Almagest was already known to Greek astronomers. Ptolemy's contribution was to consolidate all known results, make large improvements to the models, and to write it all down in a way that became a standard for the way to present the results of scientific enquiry.

His book was the standard text book for astronomers until his models were ultimately improved by Copernicus, Kepler and Newton.

Ptolemy also wrote a treatise on Astrology, based on his deep knowledge of the motions of the heavenly bodies. This work is called The Tetrabiblos.