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Science

The observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of phenomena is all part of science. Nothing is immune to the scientific process: from charm quarks that haven't existed naturally since the beginning of time to Pluto, recently demoted from planet to dwarf planet. Questions on knowledge about the material and physical aspects of our world are asked and answered here.

203,801 Questions

The impact of Copernicus's descovery?

Copernicus knew that his theory would be controversial so he had it published after he was dead. The book started out as kind of a secret only for those people serious enough to read that sort of stuff. Then people started making it more and more publish until it came to the attention of the church. Bruno got himself burned at the stake over it, Galileo got himself publically censored and under house arrest for the rest of his life. After Galileo it remained controversial but the opinions were constantly going against the church. In the mid 1970's the Catholic church finally retracted its defiance.

How much does one millilitre equal to?

A milliliter (abbreviated mL) is a measure of volume. 1000 milliliters equal 1 liter.

Where on the axis other than at an infinite distance is there a point at which their net electic field is zero between the charges to their left or to their right explain?

When the two charges are of same polarity then field becomes zero on its axial line but in between the two charges. If they are of opposite polarity then at points outside not in between there will be one point where the net electric field becomes zero. That point will be nearer to the weaker charge ie closer to the weaker and far from the stronger one.

How do you find the diameter if I have the area?

If the area of a circle is known, the radius can be determined using the area formula: A =π r2, (r = radius, π = to 3.14)

A/Ï€ = r2,

√(A/π) [divide the Area by π, then find the square root of the result ] = r,

Then, find the diameter (twice the radius): d = 2r.

What is helpful in calculating standard deviation?

Knowing the formula is helpful.

Also, having a data-set to analyze makes the job much easier.

What is the definition of shape?

* any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline); "he could barely make out their shapes" * the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance; "geometry is the mathematical science of shape" * human body: alternative names for the body of a human being; "Leonardo studied the human body"; "he has a strong physique"; "the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak" * a concrete representation of an otherwise nebulous concept; "a circle was the embodiment of his concept of life" * form: the visual appearance of something or someone; "the delicate cast of his features" * determine: shape or influence; give direction to; "experience often determines ability"; "mold public opinion" * condition: the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases `in condition' or `in shape' or `out of condition' or `out of shape') * make something, usually for a specific function; "She molded the rice balls carefully"; "Form cylinders from the dough"; "shape a figure"; "Work the metal into a sword" * Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe: the supreme headquarters that advises NATO on military matters and oversees all aspects of the Allied Command Europe * form: a perceptual structure; "the composition presents problems for students of musical form"; "a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them" * give shape or form to; "shape the dough"; "form the young child's character" * any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline); "he could barely make out their shapes" * the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance; "geometry is the mathematical science of shape" * human body: alternative names for the body of a human being; "Leonardo studied the human body"; "he has a strong physique"; "the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak" * a concrete representation of an otherwise nebulous concept; "a circle was the embodiment of his concept of life" * form: the visual appearance of something or someone; "the delicate cast of his features" * determine: shape or influence; give direction to; "experience often determines ability"; "mold public opinion" * condition: the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases `in condition' or `in shape' or `out of condition' or `out of shape') * make something, usually for a specific function; "She molded the rice balls carefully"; "Form cylinders from the dough"; "shape a figure"; "Work the metal into a sword" * Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe: the supreme headquarters that advises NATO on military matters and oversees all aspects of the Allied Command Europe * form: a perceptual structure; "the composition presents problems for students of musical form"; "a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them" * give shape or form to; "shape the dough"; "form the young child's character"

How do you get slope?

You take the x and times it by the y and divide 4

What units are used to measure temperatures?

There are various scales used to measure temperature:

  • Celsius (Centigrade)
It uses the symbol °C - degrees Celsius

This is based on the freezing point of water at 0°C and boiling point at 100 °C. When Anders Celsius devised his scale he set the freezing point at 100° and boiling point at 0°; the sale was inverted by another scientist shortly after his death.

It was known as centigrade as it uses 100 degrees between its defining points, but is now known in honour of the Swedish scientist Anders Celsius.

  • Fahrenheit
It uses the symbol °F - degrees Fahrenheit

It was based on the freezing point of brine at 0°F, the freezing point of water at 32°F and body temperature at 96°F. By using these points it was easy to mark the scale by bisecting between points (between 96°F and 32°F is 64°F which is easy to bisect into degree marks).

Due to slight inaccuracies in the original construction, the scale was slightly wrong and is now based on freezing point of water at 32°F and boiling point at 212°F (to match 0°C and 100°C).

  • Kelvin
It uses the symbol K - Kelvin (it has no degrees)

It is based on absolute zero; there can be no negative Kelvin temperatures. Is uses the same scale as Celsius - it is the Celsius scale shifted so that 0K = absolute zero = -273.15°C, freezing point of water = 273.15K = 0°C

Kelvin is the SI unit of temperature.

There are further scales which are used less often (or not at all):

  • Rankine
It uses the symbol °Ra - degrees Rankine. It can also use °R or just R.

Like the Kelvin scale it is based on absolute zero, but it uses the same scale as Fahrenheit - it is the Fahrenheit scale shifted so that 0°Ra = absolute zero = -459.67°F, freezing point of water = 491.67°Ra = 32°F

  • Delisle
It uses the symbol °D - degrees Delisle

It was based on the boiling point of water at 0°D and then marked with graduations as the temperature fell. It was later recalibrated to keep boiling water at 0°D and the freezing point of water at 150°D.

  • Rømer
It uses the symbol °Rø - degrees Rømer. It can also use °R.

It was based on the freezing point of brine at 0°Rø and the boiling point of water at 60°Rø; this made the freezing point of water about 7.5°Rø, so the scale was re-based on freezing point of water at 7.5°Rø and boiling point at 60°Rø.

  • Réaumur
It uses the symbol °Ré (Degrees Réaumur). It can also use °Re or °r.

It was based on the freezing point of water at 0°Ré and boiling point at 80°Ré.

  • Newton
It uses the symbol °N (degrees Newton)

It was based on the temperature of melting snow at 0°N, but no other point was used. Newton was working at the Royal Mint and was interested in the melting of metals. He noted that water boiled at

33°N.

It is possible to convert between the scales (based on freezing and boiling points of water); for the Newton scale, due to its inception, only a rough conversion is possible.

What is the center of an order called?

The center value in a list of numbers is the Median average of the numbers.

If there is an even number of items in the list, then the Median average is the Mean average of the two numbers in the center.

How do you write whole numbers?

Whole numbers are ones without fractional parts (ie no decimal points) eg

1

22

33

99

7654

1000000000

What is the amount of liquids intake for infants?

That depends on your baby's age and how you are feeding him/her. If you are nursing, there is no right amount, as long as your baby is having 6-8 wet diapers a day and seems to be gaining weight well. If you are formula feeding, the baby can take anywhere from 2-8 ounces at a feeding, and feed every 2-4 hours, but this depends on age. I have an eight-month old who takes 32 ounces a day, 8 ounces every four hours. I would ask your baby's doctor if you are concerned.

What did Nicolas Copernicus invent?

Nicolas Copernicus came up with the Copernican Model of the Solar System. It described the Earth orbiting the Sun, displacing the Ptolemaic model, which placed the Earth at the centre of the universe, and formed the basis of what we know of the solar system to this very day. This is called a Heliocentric model of the universe, from Helios (the greek god of the sun, often used to show the sun himself), and Centric, (meaning around, where we get our word centre from).

What is a independent varieable?

Independent variable (Manipulated Variable) is a variable that is purposefully changed by the experimenter (the person who is doing the experiment)

*the first part of the experiment question is the independent variable.