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Ancient Greece
The ancient greek civilization starts around 3200 BC with the Cycladic civilization [followed by the Minoan (2700 BC) and the Mycenean civilization (1600 BC)] and flourished from the 7th century BC to the 2nd century AD, especially in the 5th century BC with the city-states of Athens and Sparta.
10,833 Questions
Who was emperor during pax romana?
There were sixteen Roman emperors during the Pax Romana. They were the Julio/Claudians, the first three emperors in the "years of the four emperors, The Flavians and the five Good Emperors. In other words, the Pax Romana lasted from Augustus to Aurelius. Their individual names were: Augustus, Tiberius, Gaius (Caligula), Claudius, Nero, Galba, Otho, Vitellius, Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius.
It may be Briseis, though, in the books, she was never referred to as Achilles' wife.
Briseis's real name was Hippodameia, "Briseis" being a patronym as a daughter of Briseus.
Brisēís (Greek Βρισηίς) was a Trojan widow (from Lyrnessus) who was abducted during the Trojan War by Achilles upon the death of her three brothers and husband, King Mynes of Lyrnessus, in the fight.
In Homer, Briseis is Achilles' captive, given to him by the Greek army as a prize. He also loves her, comparing their relationship with that of man and wife, and is angry at the thought that Agamemnon sleeps with her. When the quarrel is resolved, Agamemnon swears to Achilles that he has never slept with Briseis.
Some also said he married Medea, and that after both their deaths they were united in the Elysian Fields of Hades - as Hera promised Thetis in Apollonius' Argonautica, though, in other books, Medea is wife to Jason (of the Argonauts).
Others say that Achilles' wife is Deidamea. Achilles' mother foretold many years before Achilles birth that there would be a great war. She saw that her only son was to die if he fought in the war. She sought a place for him to avoid fighting in the Trojan War, due to a prophecy of his death in the conflict. She disguised him as a woman in the court of Lycomedes, the King of Scyros. During that time, he had an affair with the princess, Deidamea, who then gave birth to Neoptolemus. Neoptolemus was originally called Pyrrhus, because the female version of that name, Pyrrha, had been taken by his father while disguised as a woman.
What is the ancient Greek equivalent to hell?
Some believe the 3 Greek words translated to English as 'hell' are actually an interpolation - that is something added to or altering/corrupting with something foreign which in this case is an 'idea' of men. Be that as it may, there are 3 words translated as hell from the Greek. They are:
Hades - meaning unseen or grave or pit and is equivalent to 'sheol' in Hebrew.
Gehenna - valley of Hinnom and a burning city garbage dump.
Tartaroo/tartarus - a dark place of restraint for the fallen angels used one time in the Bible.
See link below
There are many differences and similarities between these two institutions. Firstly people living in both Republics had quite a strong patriotism for democracy and freedom. They believed in freedom of speech and rights of the plebs well that is what the aristocracy was suposed to believe. However there are some differences. for one the Romans had two consuls sort of like two prime ministers but with executive authority the idea being that one could restrain the other to prevent dictatorship. The Roman republic had these people caled "Tribunes" whose job it was to defend the rights and interests of the Plebs, they could veto any Senatorial decision. In times of strife and emergency the Romans could elect a "dictator" for 6 months. None of the above list you would find in the Greek system.
Which gods and goddesses are not among the twelve Olympians in Greek mythology?
There are a great many minor (and major) gods and goddesses in Greek mythology that were not part of the main group of twelve. Here are a few examples, but see the 'related links' for more.
- Hestia (she was originally part of the twelve Olympians, until she gave up her spot for Dionysus)
- Eros (Aphrodite's son)
- Iris (goddess of the rainbow)
- Persephone (the wife of Hades and the daughter of Demeter; goddess of springtime/plants)
- Pan (god of shepherds)
What makes ancient Greece so special?
Well, for ancient Greeks, their language affects ours, as a good portion of English words have Greek roots or are just plain Greek. They were a powerful culture, affected others strongly, like Roman, whose language also affects ours. Parts of their culture are entwined with ours, like Cupid, the Greek god of love. The hearts for Valentine's are his arrowheads. There's thousands of other things, like constellations.
Also, a good portion of Biblical stories are derived from Greek stories.
Plus, their religion is interesting.
Where did the ancient Greek homer go to school?
Homer did not 'study' in the sense that we think of it - he may have learnt his trade as an apprentice. He was a rhapsode (bard), famous for his performances in the late 8th Century BCE, who sang the epics to appreciative audiences, making up the stories as he sang, off the top of his head around a general theme. His name has been associated with the written versions which started to be produced about then when alphabetic writing had been invented.
Who ran the Greek city states?
Depended on the form of government - monarchy, oligarchy, tyranny or democracy.
Where did monarchy take place in Ancient Greece?
There was no single monarchy - 2nd Millennium BCE Greece was split into numerous petty monarchies. These were replaced in the city-states by oligarchies, then democracies by the 5th Century BCE. Then Macedonia under Philip and his son Alexander took over both the Greek and Persian worlds in the second half of the 4th Century BCE, and their successors split them into several Hellenistic Kingdoms, which lasted until the 1st Century BCE when Rome incorporated them into its expanding empire.
What did eating bread symbolize in ancient Greek?
The words of Jesus we are to consume, internalise and digest (not literal bread), spiritual bread/food.
Jesus said: "This is the bread which came down out of heaven; not as the fathers ate (physical bread), and died(physically), he who eats this (spiritual) bread shall live (spiritually) forever." The words of Jesus are called the bread of heaven.
"I am the living bread that came down from heaven." John 6:51
"Whoever eats this bread will live forever" John 6:52
"The words I have spoken to you they are Spirit and they are life."John 6:63
Jesus is "the Word of God" (John 1:1,14).
So to eat Jesus means to consume, digest and internalise the Bible/Word of God.
The Bible often uses the idea of eating Gods words, "and I took the little book out of the Angels hand, AND ATE IT UP: and it was in my mouth sweet as honey, and as soon as I had eaten it." (Jeremiah 15:16; Ezekiel 3:1; Psalm 19; Rev. 10:10). Learning great truths is like eating. One must digest that which is eaten.
To eat Jesus means we are to eat spiritual bread which we are told are his (words/Gospels).
So it is the (words) of Jesus that give life not literal bread, but symbolic bread.
"The words I have spoken to you they are spirit [bread], and they are life [wine]". John 6:63
Jesus commanded his followers to remember Him by eating bread (His body) and drinking wine (His blood) until He returned. How can we remember Jesus by eating literal bread? We remember Jesus when we eat spiritual bread (His words) and when we share his bread/words with each other and participate in His cup/life.
The Bible often refers to eating Gods words. One must digest and internalise that which is eaten. Then that which gives life will become a part of your body. As you get new understandings, the new will replace the old, "no one can enter the kingdom of God without being born of water and Spirit." (John 3:3-5) the vessels full of water will be changed to vessels full of wine (symbolic of the life or spirit of Jesus); as were the vessels of water in Kana.
In the Bible natural things are used to represent spiritual things. So just as we need natural bread to live naturally, so we need spiritual bread to sustain us spiritually (the words/teachings of Jesus).
So instead of doing a literal ritual in which we literally eat bread and literally drink wine the ritual is actually telling us to...
1. Eat the (words) of Jesus who is "the Word of God" Jn1.1 (study, internalize and digest the Bible)
2. Drink the wine or participate in the example of His life.
Jesus is the "bread of life" and the "Word of God". In the Christian ritual the bread represents spiritual food, "I am the bread from heaven" (John 6:51). Jesus said and He is "the Word of God" (John 1:1,14). So to eat Jesus means we are to eat spiritual bread which we are told are his (words/Gospels).
Eating Gods words was a common Biblical idea (Jeremiah 15:16; Ezekiel 3:1). So to consume bread represents eating, digesting and internalising the words of Jesus. "the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life."(John 6:63). So the bread represents spiritual food (His Words) and the wine represents the example of His life. To partake of the cup; "the words I have spoken to you they are spirit [bread], and they are life[wine]".
Wine is symbolic of blood and the blood is symbolic of life "For the life of the flesh is in the blood" (Gen 9:4, Lev 17:4). In the New Testament the apostles translate this spiritually in accordance with Isaiah 53:12, "because he poured out his life in death". So "blood" signfies "life" and to partake of the symbolic wine means we are participating in Christs life which "he poured out unto death".
Wine signifies blood, and blood signifies life "the life is in the blood" (Lev 17:14) and Jesus "poured out His life unto death", which means He surrendered His natural human spirit/life, to do the will of the Father (to be led by His Spirit) which was "in Him in all fullness", as a cup full of wine. So likewise, when we partake of His cup, it symbolically means we are partaking of His life (walking as He walked), living as He lived (to be led by the Spirit of Christ) "if any man will follow Me he must walk as I walked", "if any man will follow Me he must deny himself". The same will be granted with a crown of immortality, which is what these words symbolically mean "Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink his blood, " (Jn. 6:53).
HIDDEN BREAD
"He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches; To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the hidden manna, and will give him a white stone, and in the stone a new name written, which no man knoweth saving he that receiveth it."
Jesus obviously spoke symbolically, phrases such as "born again" (John 3:3), "living water"; "destroy this temple and I will raise it in 3 days", as the whole Old Testament was written in such a way but the natural man (Pharisees) could not perceive it as the Churches cannot likewise today. "And He opened their understanding, that they might comprehend the Scripture" (Luke 24:27,32). Therefore, to make an Idol is to materialise spiritual mysteries. The Priests, then, were Idolaters, who coming after Moses, and committing to writing those things which had been delivered unto Israel, replaced the true things signified, by their material symbols which perpeutuated ignorance, and those who trusted in them went into [spiritual] captivity through the continuation of meaningless rituals (externalised) "due to lack of [spiritual] knowledge" - like animal sacrifice taken literally and not spiritually "your burnt offerings are not acceptable…" (Jeremiah 6:20); Isaiah 1:11-15 … "To what purpose is the multitude of your sacrifices unto me? …I am full of the burnt offerings of rams, and the fat of fed beasts; and I delight not in the blood of bullocks, or of lambs, or of he goats… Bring no more vain oblations… your hands are full of blood." The animal sacrifice was about sacrificing the animal nature in us. That is why Abels sacrifice was accepted, he made a LIFE sacrifice (i.e gave up greed, lust, desire, pride), the same basic motivating principles we share with animals, which we are to rise above.
Jesus is the "bread of life" and the "Word of God", the shewbread inside the temple has this meaning. The word shewbread or lechem paniym is literally the bread of presence. God uses bread to symbolise or speak of His presence. God's presence is experience in obedience to His Word, which is also Himself. The comparison is literal bread that gives life to the body, with the bread of God (the Word of God) which gives life to the soul and spirit. The unleavened bread upon the table of shewbread in the temple (human body) symbolizes the "logos" Word. The Holy Spirit is the spiritual light inside the tabernacle (the candlestick). It is the Holy Spirit who enlightens us. The golden candlestick was set "over against the table" (Ex 26:35) which means directly across from the shewbread on purpose so that His (God's) light will directly illuminate the Word of God as the New Testament also tells us represents the Holy Spirit. Together, the Holy Spirit (candlestick) and Jesus (shewbread) are the "rhema" Word of God. "The Word (logos) was made flesh, and dwelt among us." (John 1:14).
"Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink his blood, " (Jn. 6:53).
Interestingly in John 6:66 the reason why the followers of Jesus walked away after hearing this is because they could not understand it was symbolic, not literal "From this time many of his disciples turned back and no longer followed him" (Jn 6:66). This is the reason most people also misunderstand the Bible today. In ancient times the style of writing was to try and cause offense in the literal sense in order to (force) the reader to interpret a riddle symbolically and the Bible is a book of symbolic riddles. This is how riddles used to be written in ancient times, we call this an intentional paradox, "Aware that his disciples were grumbling about this, Jesus said to them, "Does this offend you?" John 6:61. In other words it was supposed to sound offensive in the literal sense to force the abandonment of it and the search for the symbolic meaning. The Bible often parodies paganism in the literal sense to subvert it in the metaphorical. The most obvious example is blood or animal sacrifice, a continuation of a pagan idea which the Bible parodies to subvert symbolically (i.e represents sacrificing our own animal nature within). All rituals have their meaning metaphorically or allegorically and are intended to be internalised (applied spiritually to us). Jesus had to fill the jars with water first before He changed the water into wine. As He teaches in John 2 "man is first born of water and then spirit" signified by the wine to become "vessels acceptable to God"; "full of the Spirit" of His life and truth (represented by the wine). This is why John 2 says the jars were "keimenai" = lying down. meaning a dead man (a man being asleep - spiritually) - being raised from the dead to be taught by God.
It is the symbollic meaning of the Lords prayer "give us this day our daily bread". Not natural bread, but spiritual bread (the words of Jesus), the Words of the Gospel; "my words are Spirit and they are life". To consume the Word of God is to internalise/digest the words of Jesus.
What made the ancient Greeks Greek?
They were a collection of similar peoples who spoke a common language, shared a pantheon of gods and a mythical and legendary tradition. They formed a religious and cultural (not political) group - the Amphyctionic Council which they limited to what they believed were Greek tribes.
Others were 'barbarians' ie not Greek who spoke different languages. The Macedonians were not recognised as Greek, and Alexander the Great's father Phillip II had to fake an ancestry linked to a Greek hero to allow him to enter a chariot in the Olympic Games. And in order to gain representation on the Ampytionic Council he had to bribe small member cities to be his proxies so that he could influence it.
Greek is of course not their word - they called themselves Hellenes after a traditional founder Hellen. They today call themselves Hellenes. The word Greek came from a tribe in Italy - the Graeci. As the early Romans pushed down the Italian peninsula, they ran into the Graeci. As they went further south they ran into the Hellenic cities around the Italian southern coast, and thinking them to be a lot more Graeci, called them the Great Graeci. The name Greek has stuck for all Hellenes.
Did Homer believe in the greek gods?
No, Homer did not believe in the gods that he wrote about. He was a Pagan, which is someone who believes that there is no God or gods at all. All of the storys he wrote about were Myths.
The ancient Greeks had a myth explaining spring and what were the names of the characters?
YES TRY TO GOOGLE GREEK MYTHOLOGY (SPRING)
Did ancient Greece have a king or queen?
In Ancient Greece women were under the absolute, patriarchal control of men. They did not rule. A woman's participation in life was strictly limited to the home. Women had no political power. Women sought solace in religion.
What features did the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations have in common?
Both ancient Greece and Rome had the same gods and goddesses, only with different names. Example, the ancient Greek god of the seas was Poseidon, while in ancient Rome, his name was Neptune. Also, ancient Greeks and Romans lived near water for food and water resources and trading routes. Lastly, ancient Greeks and Romans had very powerful armies, which helped them conquer many other civilizations.
a political system based on independent city-states
Who came up with the idea for the Trojan horse?
spartans
well of course not! Sparta refused to take part in the Trojan war! A young man named Odysseus made up the plan! He came, I believe, from Athens, but I am not quite sure... Sorry! But he had to be close to Athens...
In the film Troy, King Odysseus came up with the idea to create the Trojan horse while he was sitting in a camp-fire by the shores of Sparta the night after the fight between Achilles and Hector was fought. Odysseus saw one of his soldiers carving a small horse, the soldier told Odysseus that he was carving it as A GIFT for his son!
Important event in Greek history?
The turning point in Greek history is the fall of the Byzantine Empire. After this event, the Greeks lost everything they had before to the Ottomans. They stay for 400 years under the Ottoman Empire and in 25 Mars 1821 they won their independence. A major fact is that Greek kept their Orthodox religion and they didn't change it during the 400 years under Ottoman Empire.
In the ancient Greek Olympic games what did the winner receive?
A wreath of olive branches was placed on the winner's head at the ancient Olympics in Greece.
How did the Ancient Greek Gods gain their powers?
In general, the gods of Ancient Greek Mythology were born with their supernatural powers. Exceptions to this are cases where a mythological character has become a god; in these cases, their powers will most-likely have been granted by another god or supernatural being.
How did Greek religion influence modern western civilization?
Greek religion, like any ancient religion, has a minimal impact on western civilization in itself. It gave us myths and stories and we sometimes can learn a lesson from them. However the biggest influence the Greek religion has on the entire world is the Olympic Games. The Olympics were religious festivals held to honor the god Zeus.
What are the three crops and animals ancient Greeks raised?
Cattle, Sheep, Geese and Donkeys.
Horses were very rare and expensive.
Cattle were used for plowing and trained as Oxen.
Sheep were cooked and eaten.
Geese layed eggs and were eaten.
What kind of subjects did the ancient Greeks have in their schools?
They studied philosophy, mathematics, language etc. They also concider gym as very important. A very popular ancient greek saying was ''healthy mind, healthy body'' (Νους υγιής εν σώματι υγιεί).
