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Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a civilization that started as a small community in the Italian Peninsula around 10th century BC. Located in the city of Rome, it became one of the largest and most powerful empires of the ancient world.
6,726 Questions
How did the Romans always win?
The Roman army did not win every battle. They had many defeats. However they usually won the war. This was because of their methods of fighting and their ability to raise new troops. They also had a determination. When they set their sights on a victory, they kept coming back at the enemy until they won, no matter how long it took.
What were the three forms of government in ancient Rome?
Ancient Rome had three types of government, not four. They were the monarchy, the republic and the principate. The principate (erroneously called the "empire") could be said to be divided into two types of singular rule, the principate and the dominate.
What were the differences and similarities between patricians and plebeians?
The family was structured in the same way in both classes, the head of the family was the oldest male. That could be the father, the grandfather, or perhaps ever an uncle. Everybody in one family lived under one roof. Women had no authority exept in the home, old age was honored.
What was the approximate size in square miles of the Han Empire at its greatest extent?
The peak of the Han dynasty was when Liu Che reigned. This was around the time the Silk Road came around, and Liu Che caused the Chinese to have a prosperous economy during his reign. He also defeated the Huns, this was the absolute peak when the Huns were defeated. However, in general, the reign of Liu Che overall was the peak of the Han dynasty.
Who is the last king of Etruscan in rome?
The last king of Rome was Lucius Tarquinius Priscus. However, he might well not have been an Etruscan king. The fashionable theory that the Romans conquered Rome and ruled it from the late 7th century to the late 6th century has been challenged. Its evidence base is flimsy and it is based on unproven assumptions. Recent archaeological evidence suggests a different picture.
What goods were traded between rome and china?
The Romans traded with Persia and China via the Silk Road and with india via the sea route from Egypt and through the Red Sea.They also traded with the Arabian Peninsula.
Did ancient Rome have a Golden Age?
Rome was not considered a Golden Age.
The nineteenth century German scholar Wilhelm Sigismund Teuffel coined the terms Golden Age and Silver Age of Latin literature. The Golden Age is said to have begun in 83 BC and ended the death of the poet Ovid. It is subdivided into the Age of Cicero and the Age of Augustus.
The Age of Cicero (80-43 BC) is the age of this author who is considered the master of Latin prose. His writing exceeds that of any Latin author in terms of quantity, variety of genre and subjects, and stylistic excellence. His philosophical works were the basis of medieval moral philosophy. His oratory brilliance made him a model for rhetoric for many centuries.
The Augustan Age started before and ended after the reign of Augustus (27 BC-14 AD). It spanned from the death of Cicero in 43 BC to that of Ovid in 17 AD. It was the most flourishing period of Latin literature. The interest in great orators and rhetoricians, like Cicero, faded and attention shifted to poetry. Augustus had a keen interest in literature. This period had the three canonical poets of Latin literature: Virgil, Horace and Ovid. Virgil's epic poem, the Aeneid, is recognized as the greatest work of Latin literature. Horace's Odes is considered perfection in content, form and style and had provided inspiration to poets for centuries. His Art of Poetry influenced poetry theory well beyond the Roman days. Ovid was the master of elegy and created vivid characters. He has been an artistic inspiration beyond the world of poetry.
The writing of the Golden Age was one of freedom of expression and spontaneity. The writing of the subsequent Silver age of Latin literature changed. Under the most of the next emperors this freedom of expression ended. The emperors exercised censorship and displeasing them could lead to execution or exile. The style of much of the writing, though not all of it, lost spontaneity and became more stilted, rhetorical and bombastic.
How did the Romans govern the territory?
This is a very broad question, and in part, it is not definitively answerable. Most people who know about history remember that Rome had provinces which stretched from Africa (Morrocco), to Egypt, to modern Turkey, to modern Germany, and into northern England. They also would likely know that Rome sent out governors, periodically, to take charge of these provinces and govern them. But this is a very simple explanation to a widely varied answer.
Parts of Rome's Empire was governed by vassal Kings and Queens. During the 1st century BC, the kingdom of Bithynia, in modern Turkey, was a vassal of Rome, and was required to provide revenues and troops to Rome. A similar arrangement was in effect in Egypt at the time of Cleopatra, where Rome essentially left Egypt alone to govern itself, so long as Egypt provided Rome with what it needed.
However, most territories, such as Illyria, Superior Gaul, Hispania, Africa, Macedonian, etc., were given over to the rapacious governance of Rome's patrician elites. Governors were sent to a province as part of their political career track, and they had only one real task, to keep the populace of their province loyal and pacified. The governors used force, kindness, brutality, and generosity in order to maintain order during their governorship. Governors usually had 1 or 2 legions garrisoned, according to the will of the Senate in Rome, but some provinces had no legionnaires at all. Therefore the governors would often have to provide their own police force for their own protection. The Governor of a province would also hire private tax collectors, who would guarantee a certain amount of taxes, and in exchange, they would keep the rest of the taxes they raised. A Governorship was contemporaneously seen as a way of becoming rich.
For those governorships that had command of legions, such as the 4 legions in Britannia, or the 2 or 3 in Dacia, these troops would set up camp in one area, and soon, they would be split into many smaller units called vexillations, to be deployed more widely across the province. Soldiers from these legions would also, upon their retirement from the legions, usually be granted land in veteran's colonia (a town or village set up originally for retired legionnaires' homes). These were placed in restless or violent provinces, since in an emergency, a Governor could call upon all retired military men to come back into the legions temporarily until the emergency had passed.
Finally, it is important to note that outside of Rome, there was precious little bureaucracy. There were no fire departments, usually no town hall that help property records, or even road maintenance crews. Everything that needed to be done, such as draining flood plains, building bridges, maintaining roads, constructing walls, digging wells, all was organized, paid for, and managed by either the governor, or one of the people on his staff. This staff usually consisted of mostly slaves, perhaps a military adviser or even a commander of a local legion. Almost every "public" work in the Roman Empire was more of a privately owned project. Even bathhouses were built by patricians, or governors, and then donated to the Roman state or Emperor.
What were the internal problems in the roman empire that threatened its existence?
because the slaves were worked so hard that the Romans didnt farm, therfor making it difficult to come up with better farming tools.
Which year did Virgil Grissom go into to space?
Gus Grissom actually went into space twice. The first time was in July 1961--a 15 minute suborbital flight aboard "Liberty Bell 7" (officially listed as MR-4). The second time was in March 1965 for 3 orbits aboard Gemini 3.
What did the Romans adapt From the Etruscans?
It is difficult to ascertain the actual extent of Etruscan influence on Rome. The fashionable theory that the Etruscans conquered or dominated Rome, or that the urban development of Rome in the 5th century B.C. was due to the Etruscans has been challenged. There is hardly any concrete evidence for this theory, which is based on unproven assumptions. Moreover, Etruscan civilization disappeared quite early on in history and very little Etruscan writing has survived. The Romans did not write much about the Etruscans. Therefore, there is very little literary evidence on the Etruscan influence on Rome. The situation with archaeological evidence is not any better. The Etruscans had an influence in the archaic (early) days of Rome and the city was continually redeveloped over the many subsequent centuries of her history, and this destroyed the earlier archaeology. Therefore, there are very little archaeological finds in the city of Rome which date back to the days of the Etruscans.
The Etruscans were one of the various peoples who had some influence on the early development of Roman religion. Early Roman architecture might have been influenced by the Etruscans as well as the Greeks. However, if this was the case, it soon disappeared. The Etruscan order (style) for building columns was soon abandoned because the Roman preferred the Greek orders as the Etruscan one was unadorned and rustic.
According to the Roman tradition, the 5th king of Rome, who was half Greek and half Etruscan, introduced the following Etruscan customs:
· The celebration of triumphs in Etruscan style
· The golden chariot of the king
· The fasces, a bundle of wooden sticks with an axe sticking out in the middle. This was used by the lictors, the guards of the kings and later, during the period of the Roman Republic, the guards of the officers of state of the republic. The fascies were a symbol of the power and authority.
· The clothes worn by people in positions of authority: the trabea (the robe worn by the king and, in the republican period, the consuls and priests during public ceremonies; the toga preatexta ( the robe worn by higher officers of state); and the paludamnetum (a cloak worn by generals and their higher officers when commanding an army (but not during peace).
· The curule chair the officers of state sat on as a symbol of their authority
· The falerae round ornamental metal disks for helmets, armour and harness of horses.
What did Romans use for transportation?
Mostly the Romans used their own two feet for transportation, especially if they were in the city. It was easier to get through the crowded streets on foot. They also had carrying chairs and litters for those wealthy enough to afford them. They had carriages and carts. For transporting goods or merchandise they used wagons or ships, boats, or river barges.
How did the laws of the twelve tables help the plebeians?
Earliest codification of ancient http://www.answers.com/topic/roman-law, traditionally dated to 451 - 450 BC. They were purportedly written at the demand of the plebeians, who felt that their legal rights were hampered by the fact that court judgments were rendered according to unwritten custom preserved only within a small group of learned patricians. The Twelve Tables were not a reform or a liberalizing of old custom; they recognized the prerogatives of the patrician class and of the patriarchal family, the validity of enslavement for unpaid debt, and the interference of religious custom in civil cases.
How did Rome acquire its empire?
Rome expanded the empire by conquest, alliances, the granting of citizenship and at times inheritance.
Rome expanded the empire by conquest, alliances, the granting of citizenship and at times inheritance.
Rome expanded the empire by conquest, alliances, the granting of citizenship and at times inheritance.
Rome expanded the empire by conquest, alliances, the granting of citizenship and at times inheritance.
Rome expanded the empire by conquest, alliances, the granting of citizenship and at times inheritance.
Rome expanded the empire by conquest, alliances, the granting of citizenship and at times inheritance.
Rome expanded the empire by conquest, alliances, the granting of citizenship and at times inheritance.
Rome expanded the empire by conquest, alliances, the granting of citizenship and at times inheritance.
Rome expanded the empire by conquest, alliances, the granting of citizenship and at times inheritance.
Justinian I wanted to 'restore' the Roman Empire by reconquering the lands lost by the western part of the Roman Empire as a result of the Germanic invasions.
Justinian's army defeated the Vandals in Africa (Vandalic War, 533-534) retaking the area of the Vandalic kingdom (northern Tunisia and eastern Algeria). The Moors of southern Tunisia and western Libya rebelled and were defeated later, in 548. Justinian wanted to restore Africa as it had been under the Romans. The religion of the Vandals, Arian Christianity, was persecuted. Many Vandals fled Africa and some went west, to Algeria, and integrated with the local Berbers. The remaining Vandals were shipped to the east and enlisted in the imperial army. The Vandal ethnic group disappeared.
Justinian managed to retake the Spanish areas along the southern coast.
Justinian I attacked the Ostrogoths in Italy, starting the Gothic War (535-54) which he won. However, this was a highly costly victory. Nineteen years of fierce fighting left some areas of northern Italy devastated and depopulated. The war depleted the resources of the empire. This and the impoverishment of Italy made it impossible for the Byzantines to oppose the invasion of northern Italy by the Lombards fifteen year later (569-72). The Lombards also took over areas of central and southern Italy. The remaining Byzantine possessions in Italy were in part of central Italy and in Apulia, Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.
Justinian I also wanted to protected and consolidate the official church of the empire (the orthodox Church). He persecuted dissident Christian sects and paganism. He secured the rights of the church and the clergy and protected and expanded the monastic orders. He granted the monks the right to inherit property from private individuals and to receive annual gifts for the state and banned the confiscation of monastic property. He gave the canons of the church legal force and issued laws regarding the administration of church property, the elections, rights and obligations of the clergy, the conduct of service and episcopal jurisdiction. Justinian I was one of the most important emperors in the history of the Orthodox Church. He was described as a 'nursing father' of the church. He put it on a more solid footing, and redefined its structure.
Where did the Romans go to get clean?
At public bath houses usually, some richer families had indoor plumbing...im going to assume that you meant anciant Romans The actual cleaning process was done by the oiling and scraping method. The body would be oiled and then a stirgil was used which scraped off the oil along with the dirt. This method left the body clean and the skin conditioned and soft.
What did the Roman soldiers eat at lunch?
The Roman soldier wore a tunic which was above the knee in the front and a little longer in the back. Over this he wore a padded, sleeveless vest called a "subarmalis" and over this he wore a cuirass of either chain mail or segmented metal plates. On his head he wore a helmet, of various styles which changed with the times.
How was the roman army selected?
The recruits in the Roman army were selected for their physical fitness, mental fitness and their stature. They needed healthy people, if they were not exactly physically fit, the army would make them fit. The mentally challenged were turned away. They also preferred men to be six Roman feet tall, although this was not a strict requirement.
Which characters in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar are tragic heroes?
I agree Brutus is the tragic hero and in the noble mode, however, he stuck Caesar, supposedly a friend, with a knife, not exactly honorable. And why? Because, even though he acknowledges to himself he has no current proof or past indicators, he still guesses Caesar will grab for absolute power. And he just doesn't "feel" intuitionally he wants to join in the ra-ra cheering for Caesar. He has the hubrus to believe that whatever he feels has to be the truth, not uncommon amongst 50% of humanity. He bases much on his reflections, and they lead him awry. Also, he's certainly subject to Cassius, a slipery cookie if there ever was one. Thanks to Brutus his noble wife, who he accurately says he's not good enough for, swallows fire out of sadness and armies will slay each other. I like Brutus immensely, but he is no saint. Since he thinks so much, and thinks about his thinking, when you get down to it he loses judgment and turns into a bungler.
Also, a tragic hero could be bad like Macbeth, a henchman even killing a woman and children. Coriolanus, although not bad, is haughty and has a hot temper, and he's definitely a hero. He's also a Mama's boy -- part good because he's obedient, but not using practical judgment.
What is a Roman stabbing sword called?
Gladius. Although usually described as a short thrusting sword, it also worked well as a slashing sword. It should be noted that the full name for a gladius is Gladius Hispaniensisor hispanic sword.
The Gladius was adopted by Rome during the third century BC. Made of Bronze or Iron, it is about 2 feet long and weighs 2.5 to 3.5 pounds. It was standard issue to every Roman Legion.
What was the diet of a ancient roman slave?
for actual laborers four pecks of wheat in the winter months and four and a half in summer. The overseer, housekeeper, foreman and head-Shepard should decor e three pecks. (I'm a 9th grader this is in an ancient Rome packet o.O )
How did roads help ancient Rome?
The Roman roads were built for two reasons. The main reason was to move troops faster. The secondary reason was for civilian travel and trade. The roads made a link to all parts of the empire, by connecting the far away provinces with the capitol.
What was a forum in ancient Rome?
A forum in Rome was a market place. Items were brought and sold in one. The main forum in ancient Rome, the Forum Romanum, was the civic center of the city comparable to present day "downtowns". Although it still retained its market aspect, as "deals" were often made in the forum, it evolved into a public administration center.
A forum in Rome was a market place. Items were brought and sold in one. The main forum in ancient Rome, the Forum Romanum, was the civic center of the city comparable to present day "downtowns". Although it still retained its market aspect, as "deals" were often made in the forum, it evolved into a public administration center.
A forum in Rome was a market place. Items were brought and sold in one. The main forum in ancient Rome, the Forum Romanum, was the civic center of the city comparable to present day "downtowns". Although it still retained its market aspect, as "deals" were often made in the forum, it evolved into a public administration center.
A forum in Rome was a market place. Items were brought and sold in one. The main forum in ancient Rome, the Forum Romanum, was the civic center of the city comparable to present day "downtowns". Although it still retained its market aspect, as "deals" were often made in the forum, it evolved into a public administration center.
A forum in Rome was a market place. Items were brought and sold in one. The main forum in ancient Rome, the Forum Romanum, was the civic center of the city comparable to present day "downtowns". Although it still retained its market aspect, as "deals" were often made in the forum, it evolved into a public administration center.
A forum in Rome was a market place. Items were brought and sold in one. The main forum in ancient Rome, the Forum Romanum, was the civic center of the city comparable to present day "downtowns". Although it still retained its market aspect, as "deals" were often made in the forum, it evolved into a public administration center.
A forum in Rome was a market place. Items were brought and sold in one. The main forum in ancient Rome, the Forum Romanum, was the civic center of the city comparable to present day "downtowns". Although it still retained its market aspect, as "deals" were often made in the forum, it evolved into a public administration center.
A forum in Rome was a market place. Items were brought and sold in one. The main forum in ancient Rome, the Forum Romanum, was the civic center of the city comparable to present day "downtowns". Although it still retained its market aspect, as "deals" were often made in the forum, it evolved into a public administration center.
A forum in Rome was a market place. Items were brought and sold in one. The main forum in ancient Rome, the Forum Romanum, was the civic center of the city comparable to present day "downtowns". Although it still retained its market aspect, as "deals" were often made in the forum, it evolved into a public administration center.
