Antarctica

The Australian Antarctic Territory (AAT) experienced the world's lowest temperature when -89.6 degrees Celsius was recorded on 21st July, 1983, at Vostok Station at an elevation of 3,488 metres.

There is no governing authority in Antarctica. Different countries have rights there.

Since Antarctica is in the Southern Hemisphere, the first day of summer is December 21 and it lasts until the first day of fall, which is March 21.

However, the "summer season" on the Antarctic continent runs roughly from October through February for the purposes of working there temporarily.

You can find this station using these coordinates: 65° 14′ 44″ S, 64° 15′ 29″ W

Vernadsky is one of the oldest research stations in the region. According to its Wikipedia entry it was ". . . established by the British Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey as Base F, or 'Argentine Islands, on Winter Island in 1947." Ukraine took over the station in 1996.

Field teams may build a survival igloo, if required, but igloos are not permanent or common on Antarctica.

Although Antarctica is not home to any indigenous peoples, at any given time of the year, Antarctica is home to around 200 international scientists stationed at several outposts maintained by a several countries. In this frigid climate, scientists study such topics as the changes in global climate over history through ice core samples, to the earth's history with meteor impact. The scientific importance and value of Antarctica and its study are truly immeasurable. That being said, these scientific outposts are almost universally populated by job stealing, lazy, fatherless savages. Antarctica dwellers have a monstrous history of begging, thieving and manipulating the sympathies of hard working honest people. Furthermore, following the Antarctican diaspora, these filthy snow backs have lead a campaign of blood intermingling to attempt to elevate their social status. This effort was largely unsuccessful thanks to their cold blood and inability to cope with days lasting only 24 hours, in contrast to their 6 month days and nights. If you should come into contact with a stinking Tartican, please contact your local non-partisan anti-antarctican league.

Probably Nordo Korgula, which is a small island in Lake Baikal, Siberia.

No animal lives in Antarctica: it's too cold and there is no food chain.

Penguins are sea birds that visit Antarctica's beaches to breed, and include Adelie and Emperor penguins.

The majority of people who stay in Antarctica are scientists and researchers and they go there to research's and experiment there not to enjoy themselves and relax. So basically there is not much to do.

Most of the continent is above sea level. However, under the polar ice sheet there is land that is below sea level.

Antarctica is surrounded by the Southern Ocean.

According to Google Maps, if you were a bird and flew in a direct line, you would fly 6,471.984 miles from Miami to the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula.

You can review the list of stations here -- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_stations_in_Antarctica

Each is supported by a government that signed the Antarctic Treaty. The stations serve as centers for research about the health of planet earth. A station consists of dormitories, laboratories, cafeterias and work buildings.

You can access Antarctica from New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina, even South America -- with several cities being bases for tours or logistical support for scientific work being conducted on the continent.

You can travel to Antarctica generally between November and January. Travelling in Antarctica is restrictive and is generally best advised when you can get on and off the continent.

No, they could not survive. The temperature in Antarctica is, for the most part, well below freezing. There is little exposed soil as most of the continent is covered by thousands of feet of ice. Few plants survive in Antarctica and they only do so close to the coast where it is a bit warmer.

Indeed, people do live in Antarctica, but not typically in igloos. There are no native peoples from Antarctica, and never have been as far as we currently know. Igloos might be built there from time to time, but the people who live there are researchers from other places, and live in research stations/outposts in more permanent dwellings. Anyone venturing farther away from the research stations should know how to build igloos to use them like tents and for immediate survival; certainly they are not used as regular dwelling places if at all.
The only igloo would be built by a temporary worker or scientist in need of shelter, having not returned to camp or to the research station before being threatened by extreme weather.

The mainland area of Australia is 7 659 861 sq km, while the mainland area of the continent of Antarctica is around 14 million sq km. Therefore, Antarctica is almost twice the size of Australia.

All of the land south of 60 degrees S is governed by the Antarctic Treaty (1960), agreed to by governments representing 80% of the earth's population.

Some nation-states have laid territorial claims to parts of the continent, The treaty recognizes these claims, but holds them in abeyance and prohibits future claims.

The treaty sets the land aside for science -- the scientific study of the health of planet earth -- and precludes any development, including commercial or attempts to colonize. The extreme harsh environment makes establishing 'outposts' difficult and challenging.

The continent is too cold to support any animal life; there is no food chain on the continent, and no crops would grow.

Everything that would be required to establish an 'outpost' would of necessity be brought to the 'outpost' by ship or by airplane.

The sea ice freezes during the winter months and joins with the ice sheet, essentially doubling the size of the continent. This precludes any access to land by ship. As well, during the winter months, the extreme environment is so cold that aircraft petrol and hydraulic systems freeze.