Athens

order of the roles in ancient athens. (in order)

citizens/ males

women

metics

slaves

21

As a direct democracy, no citizen was supposed to be above any other. However Pericles had a way of swaying the majority and more often than not got away with it. His political opponents were not impressed and tried every avenue to pull him down, attacking his friends and girlfriend for various malpractices and self-interest.

April was name dafter Aphrodite.

His patron Ephialtes re-established democracy in 460 BCE, but was assassinated by the aristocracy for doing it. Pericles took over and tried to reduce their power by getting their key leaders banished, and to avoid a re-emergence of them, arranged for power to be transferred to all male citizens meeting in fortnightly assemblies.

every 2 weeks

1.Must be able to eat pants

2.Must be able to make mustard come out of your nose

In 404 BCE at the end of the Peloponnesian War, having lost its navy and besieged, it was starved into submission and stripped of the empire which supported it, and became a second rate power.

In 338 BCE Athens was defeated by Macedonia and so became subject to the Macedonian empire and the subsequent Hellenistic regimes of Alexander the Great's successors.

Because they got mad at them for not helping them fight against the syrians

Its land was mostly poor agriculturally so it had to import food.

It was near the sea, so this facilitated fishing and trade, and naval power.

The land being both poor and limited, required surplus populations to be progressively sent out to colonise other lands around the eastern Mediterranean.

The water mill, the aqueducts and the fountains.

The same silver mines (washing tables and cisterns)

Many streets

Ancient philosophy, is still useful

Many concepts and inventions are still used

The greeks are known to have understood the power of steam, and imagined how it could be used to open doors for example, but never did.

It is a puzzle why, having all the necessary technologies, the Greeks didn't invent the train.

Athenians believed Socrates was corrupting the youth because he was making them question things. instead of just accepting Greek and Athenian traditions passed down to them, Socrates made them think about and analyze them.

Anarchy means, literally, no rule. In practice it means no rule above village level.

After the defeat of the Xerxes invasion in 479 BCE, Athens got together an anti-Persian confederation of Greek states around the Aegean and Black Seas. Each state was assessed on its contribution of ships but could elect to provide money instead. As most city-states oped for the easy way of money, it left Athens with a dominant fleet paid for by those financial contributions. Defaults in contributions were collected by force. When the Persians were again defeated in 449, and a treaty forbade Persia from intruding into Greek waters, the alliance lost most of its purpose, but Athens continued to collect the tribute, and relocated the treasury from Delos to Athens 'for safe keeping', using the money as it pleased - to beautify the city (Parthenon etc), to keep half its citizens in public employ, and to maintain the navy which collected the tribute and dominated the eastern Mediterranean. In addition, Athens encouraged its version of extreme democracy in cities of its empire. This brought it into collision with cities allied to Sparta (notably Corinth over its colonies) and led to a war between Athens and its allies (empire) and Sparta and its allies, in what is not too aptly today called the Peloponnesian War.

Women in Athens had no political role. They stayed at home running it in virtual purdah.

Aristotle considered men to be stronger than women - he was talking about in rational reasoning.

Cleisthenes 508 BCE, restored by Ephialtes 460 BCE and cemented by Pericles after Ephialtes' assassination.

For the Greeks, the most important part of citizenship was to be involved in public discussion, debate, and activity designed to improve the welfare of the community.

Socrates

Athens, Greece is a very very very dirty place. I prefer that if you ever go to Athens, bring a smog mask. There are also many bombs and riots in Athens.

What I recommend you wear somthing like jeans or cotton clothes. It can be very very dangorous.

I am not sure that jeans or cotton clothes would save you from danger. There have been protests, like many European cities, but that has been because of financial problems that Greece has been having, just like the rest of us.....it is also no more dirty any city..the Greeks are very friendly...and yes I have been there than It is very interesting

Cleisthenes from 507 BCE.

Athens being a naval power , ironically , had to become a land-based power whereas , in contrast , Sparta being a land-based power had to become a naval power in order to carry out the conflict against each other .

Tertullian?

It was the date of the first Olympic Games Minstrel Boy

true