Australian Explorers

Charles Sturt was 34 when he named the Murray River. It should be noted that he did not actually discover the Murray - that was done in 1824, by Hume and Hovell, who originally named the river the Hume.

Because Blaxland, lawson and Wentworth traversed previously unknown country, they encountered numerous problems due to the unfamiliarity of the countryside and the terrain.

The major problem that the three explorers had was continually confronting dead ends. When they followed river gullies, they ended up against impassable cliff faces. When they followed the mountain tops, they often found themselves on the edge of sheer cliffs too steep to take down their horses.

Lawson, Blaxland and Wentworth were also going through countryside where there were no roads or tracks. They travelled through thick, impenetrable bushland which had to be hacked away with machetes. They would need to leave the horses behind while they hacked a path, then return to the horses, thus trebling the distance they travelled over a day.

Mosquitoes were a constant problem. Another fear was aboriginal attack: little was really known about the Aborigines, and it was not really understood that they were just as keen to avoid Europeans as Europeans were keen to avoid them.

i suspect that my great-grandfather's uncle was Edward John Eyre. my cousins and i had been told this since childhood. My grandmother was Elizabeth Thomson Eyre who was the daughter of George Eyre and Jane Thomson. George was the son of William Eyre who should be Edward John Eyre's brother if the family story is true. William was born in 1828, probably in Nottingham and married Jane Scarr of Leeds. However William and Jane were under age when they married in 1844. William married under an assumed name (Eyreroe) which does not appear to be recorded anywhere else in history! He gave his father's name as John Eyreroe, a mason, on the marriage certificate. Could William have been a late addition to the family of Edward John Eyre's parents? Or perhaps an illegitimate child of one of his sisters? There are two (?) sisters listed in the 19th centurt censuses. Given the difficulty I had in finding his marriage, I could easily suspect William of being an outcast from the family. Neville Biggs, Australia.

Edward John Eyre did not travel across the Great Australian Bight. He was not a seafaring explorer. He travelled across the Nullarbor Plain, which is the desert area north of the Great Australian Bight.

Eyre hoped to be the first to cross Australia from south to north. He was unlucky enough to find his way blocked by saltpans as far as he could see, so assumed - incorrectly - that the entire inland of Australia was a huge horseshoe shaped salt lake. He did not realise that there were breaks between the lakes. Because he was unable to travel north, he was determined to achieve something new for the colony of South Australia. This is why he chose to be the first to make the crossing from east to west.

Flinders took a sextant, compass, notepaper for observations and chart-making, pencils, food rations, barrels of water and his cat 'Trim' who was Matthew Flinders' constant companion on most of his journeys between 1799 and 1804.

A school I think

Captain Charles Sturt made several expeditions that were significant for what they did for Australia and the colony of New South Wales.

After he came to Australia in 1827, Sturt aimed to solve the mystery of where the inland rivers of New South Wales flowed. The rivers appeared to flow towards the centre of the continent, so it was believed that they emptied into an inland sea. Sturt first followed the Macquarie River as far as the Darling, which he named after Governor Darling. Finding new waterways was always valuable for opening up new pastureland and grazing land.

Pleased with what Sturt had discovered, Governor Darling sponsored Sturt's expedition to trace the course of the Murrumbidgee River, and to see whether it joined to the Darling. This was in 1829-1830. On this expedition, Sturt discovered that the Murrumbidgee River flowed into the Murray (which Huma and Hovell had named the Hume), as did the Darling. Sturt was able to follow the Murray River in a collapsible whaleboat, and he found that it flowed to the southern ocean, emptying out at Lake Alexandrina on the southern coast. The expedition was significant as it opened up Australia's inland waterways to the transportation of people and goods. It also opened up the southern coast as a definite possibility for establishing a new colony, something which Matthew Flinders had suggested 25 years earlier. As a direct result of Sturt's discoveries, the colony of South Australia was founded within less than a decade.

From 1839, Eyre made several exploration ventures into the countryside north of Adelaide. In May 1839, Eyre departed Adelaide to explore countryside to the north. It was on this journey that he discovered and named Mount Remarkable.

In June 1840, Eyre left Adelaide to explore north towards the centre of Australia. He encountered salt lake after salt lake: each time he attempted to go around a salt lake, he found his way barred by yet another.

He then turned his attentions towards the goal of being the first European explorer to cross overland from east to west. Departing from Fowler's Bay on what is now the Eyre Peninsula, he travelled across the Nullarbor Plain to King George's Sound, now called Albany, finally reaching Albany and civilization on 7 July 1841.

European settlers came from many, virtually all, European countries. The largest were the British, Irish, German, Italian, Spanish, and the French.

SS John Oxley was created in 1927.

1) Miners didn't like the gold license so that built a fort called 'Eureka stockade' in 1854

2)It ended in the 20th century

3)It started when Edward Hargraves found gold in Bathurst, 1851

Great facts?

Allan Cunningham discovered 450 plants in Brazil.

Hume and Hovell departed from the Hume family farm at Appin, southwest of Sydney, on 3 October 1824. They arrived back at Hume's homestead on 18 January 1825, after a journey of three and a half months.

Yes. Although both brothers explored extensively with their own crew, they did undertake one exploration together. In 1874, John and Alexander Forrest travelled together, departed from Geraldton, and discovered the Weld River and the pastureland land around it.

John Oxley's main hardship was that he kept being stopped by flooded rivers. This caused him to develop an incorrect opinion about the nature of interior Australia.

Oxley set off to follow the course of Lachlan River, which had been discovered by George Evans, in 1817. The main obstacle to his progress was the fact that he was frequently stopped by marshes, because it was a flood year. Oxley couldn't continue with horses because there was too much water, nor with boats because the flooding hid snags such as tree branches and roots and other dangerous obstacles lurking just below the surface.

Leavijng the area in disgust, Oxley then headed south-west in search of further rivers. In a strange twist, he was stopped just fifty kilometres short of discovering the Murrumbidgee River because this time, there was not enough water.

He gave up this particular expedition and returned to the upper reaches of the Lachlan River. Again, however, the river channel continued to be lost among the floods and swampland. He faced the same problem when he attempted to follow the Castlereagh.

Oxley decided that the interior of NSW was largely marshland and completely unsuitable for settlement. He declared what is now valuable pastureland around the Lachlan River to be "forever uninhabitable, and useless for the purposes of civilised man".

Yes he did he had 13 siblings 8 brothers and 5 sister

Charles Sturt learned much about aboriginal ways from Australian-born explorer Hamilton Hume, and he always intended to treat the Aborigines with respect.

At one stage on Charles Sturt's expedition along the Murray River, the expedition party narrowly avoided a confrontation with hostile Aborigines. Fortunately, Sturt was always generous towards the many Aboriginal tribes he encountered, readily sharing food and gifts with them. In January 1830, however, his party encountered a group of about six hundred hostile Aborigines on sandbanks of the Murray. His men loaded their guns and prepared for battle, but further action was unnecessary when an Aborigine whom Sturt had befriended days earlier appeared from the bushes and convincingly persuaded the hostile Aborigines to leave Sturt's party alone.

Magellan

hi i dont know who it is

John Forrest explored for several reasons.

In 1869, Forrest led the search for Ludwig Leichhardt's expedition which had gone missing while travelling across Australia from east to west. This search was unsuccessful, but it gave Forrest the chance to do what he wished, which was to explore the uncharted areas of Western Australia.

In 1870, Forrest surveyed the route which Edward Eyre had taken in 1840-41 from Adelaide to Albany, across the Great Australian Bight. As the main route from eastern Australia overland to the west, he realised it needed to be surveyed so a road could be built, and later a railway.