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Big Bang Theory (scientific model)
The Big Bang Theory is an event that caused the creation of the universe according to cosmological theories.
652 Questions
Who propose the big bang theory?
Alexander Friedmann was the first to take the equations of Special Relativity and show that one solution -- amongst others he found -- was an expanding universe. His effort was purely mathematical, and he made no claim that his solutions had any relation to our actual Universe.
Jesuit priest Georges LeMaitre was the first to scientifically develop the idea that our Universe was, indeed, expanding, and that this fact would explain red shift of distant "nebula" (his words, these were later found to be galaxies). He later suggested that our entire Universe was once incredibly dense and hot, and expanded to its present state.
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Should the big bang theory be taught in public schools?
While the Big Bang Theory is not the only cosmological model for exploring a causation for our existence, it does provide a context and organization from which each individual my understand and come to grips with their own rationale for why and how organic life is possible. It is also a great exercise in logic, and logical thinking is a useful tool in any life pursuit.
The Big Bang Model has survived every test that has been put up against it, starting with the existence and the spectrum of the cosmic background microwave radiation. To say it is "nonsense" is the intellectual equivalent of saying that Newton's law of gravity is nonsense.
Did the big bang occur? Yes. About 13.7 billion years ago, according to the very precise results from the COBE & WMAP satellites.
The evidence for the big bang is abundant, ranging from the expansion of the universe discovered by Hubble (& Einstein) to the cosmic background radiation (CBR) discovered by Bell Laboratory scientists in 1967.
Since then, much other evidence has been gathered to corroborate the fact the big bang did occur. It seems confusing that the Big Bang could have happened even though there was no matter or energy in the universe. But really, scientists speculate that there could have been a time before matter, energy, and time itself even existed. The "Big Bang" is a term that describes the event that created the universe. It goes like this: There was no time, no energy, and no matter. basicly, NOTHING existed. Then, a tiny volume of space, smaller then the head of a pin, suddenly expanded and grew to an enormous size. As the volume of space expanded, it created all the energy and matter in the universe. It created nebulas and galaxies of stars and planets. (and many other things, of coarse.) This is when time began to flow. There is plenty of evidence to support that this theory is true. The big bang would have been such a huge event that the waves of energy it created are still traveling in space today! People have actually detected these waves with a device called a spectroscope. Not only this, but scientist think that the universe is still expanding. basicly, the Big Bang is still happening today. We know this because astronomers have noticed that the galaxies of our universe are all moving away from eachother. They are all moving away from the centre of the universe, where the big bang started. The universe is still getting bigger to this day.
How can you prove the big bang theory?
No theory can be proven beyond all doubt. But the big bang explains many phenomena which are not explained by any other theory of cosmology.
- The expanding universe: The universe is expanding. Not only is it expanding, but it is expanding at different rates. Galaxies relatively close to the Milky Way are moving away rather slowly while galaxies so far away they can barely be detected are moving away at incredible speeds. How can this be? Think of an elastic strip with three dots drawn in a row, one centimeter apart. Now stretch such that the distance between the dots is 2 centimeters. In the same time it took the second dot to move from 1 cm to 2 cm away from the first, the second dot moved from 2cm to 4 cm, i.e., the second dot moved twice as fast. So the universe is not a fixed space with galaxies moving through it, but a free but expanding space with objects more or less fixed inside it. The big bang theory explains this by postulating that 13.7 billion years ago, space existed as a singularity, but in an instant began to expand rapidly, taking matter with it.
- Olbers' Paradox: Hienrich Olbers was a European astronomer who noted that the universe could not be both infinitely large and infinitely old. If it were, then every line of sight would end in a star because there would be an infinite number of stars, and an infinite amount of time for their light to reach earth, so the entire night sky would be lit up with stars, one in every possible direction. The big bang theory gives a time for the birth of the universe, So the universe cannot be infinitely old, so even if it is infinitely large, stars which are more than 13.7 billion light years from earth would not be visible from earth.
- Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation: In the 1960's, researchers for a television network discovered a constant interference with their instruments. It was later that this background noise, or background radiation, was present everywhere, even in space. This background radiation is in the microwave range, and its presence gives the universe a constant temperature of 2.7 Kelvins (unless there's a sun or something to add more heat). The big bang theory explains this phenomena. Assuming the theory to be true, for the first several hindered thousand years of the universe, all that existed in space were electrons, quarks, leptons, and maybe a baryon here and there. A photon, a "packet" of energy, could not travel very far without hitting on of these things and scattering, so even if you could survive such conditions, you wouldn't be able to see anything except for maybe a blinding blur of light. At the time the photons had a large energy because of their high frequency. Eventually though, matter condensed into protons, neutrons, and such, leaving more and more space for the photons to travel. As space expanded, so did the wavelength of the photons, lowering the frequency, and subsequently their energy. Now, 13.7 billion years later, the wavelengths have dropped into the microwave range, and manifest themselves in the constant 2.7 Kelvins of microwave background radiation.
What makes the big bang theory hard to believe?
Obviously, there are no witnesses or records to back it up. But mainly because they don't know what caused it. It's all very well saying that the universe exploded etc etc, but they don't know what actually caused the explosion/expansion. It's this that makes people think God caused it and therefore created the Universe, and others to believe that there is a perfectly plausible scientific reason for the explosion, it just hasn't been discovered yet. However, a giant particle accelerator called the Large Hadron Collider that mimicks the effects of the "Big Bang" was created a short while ago in Geneva which is supposed to collide opposing beams of protons or lead ions, each moving at approximately 99.999999% of the speed of light. However, the effects of this would only be shown in a few years, so I guess we'll have to wait to see how the Big Bang was caused.
What is the origin of most of the radiation you encounter?
Dese Nutz are The three principal sources of natural radiation are:
1. cosmic rays (mostly from the sun, but some interstellar as well)
2. terrestrial sources (ie. rocks which contain trace amounts of radioactive materials)
3. minerals inside your body which are radioactive (mostly potassium-40)
1 and 3 are fairly constant and low-dose sources, but source #2 can vary widely depending on geography. Some places have very large background radiation due to Radon (which results from the decay of naturally-occurring Radium).
Radon is a gas, and can collect in basements. Detection and ventilation standards have been developed to minimize health effects.
Other sources of radiation include:
- medical and dental x-rays
- smoke detectors
- some exit signs
- old-fashioned glowing wristwatches
Medical x-rays are a significant source of exposure, and should therefore not be treated lightly. CT scans, for instance, are very high-dose x-rays (you are surrounded on all sides by xrays and this enables 3-D imaging).
What is the origin of the world?
There are two approaches.
One is to assume, or have faith in, an intelligent external force. Someone or something powerful enough to manipulate matter and cause our planet, other planets, our sun, other stars to all come into existence. This is a religious approach, and there are many different stories. The Judeo-Christian belief is that one god created everything that we know in 6 days of work. In other words, creation by God's powers.
The other approach is the scientific one, which currently holds that the Earth, all the other planets, the sun and all stars and galaxies are formed of material from space. The material itself was a product of a creation event called "The Big Bang" when a single source of matter exploded and created huge gas and dust clouds which under gravity came together and formed planets and stars and galaxies.
Describe one observation that supports the big bang theory?
The observation of cosmological redshift is one such example. It was observed that the 'redshift' of galaxies, which is the shift in the electromagnetic spectrum emitted or reflected by a galaxy to lower wavelengths (the redder wavelengths), was directly related to the distance of the galaxy. The further away a galaxy, the greater redshift in its spectrum. This supported the metric expansion of space proposed by the big bang theory. It is proposed that photons travelling in an expanding space are 'stretched' and therefore shift to a lower wavelength.
The Big Bang supports interpreted observational evidence of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) barrier that the universe is Time bound (or has a finite existence), that the universe is expanding (within the dimensional limits of Space and Time), that the universe is evolving a set amount of matter and energy while it is expanding over time, and that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic with respect to Space and Time.
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Answer:
Present thinking is that the Big Bang created space, time and energy/matter. As a consequence at the expanding edge of the Universe there is a region of no space or time.
What is meant by the phrase The Big Bang?
Big Bang is a South Korean boy group from the entertainment company YG Entertainment. Their members are:
Leader, G-Dragon (CO-Lead vocals)
Co-Lead Rapper, TOP (also known as Tempo)
Backup Vocalists, Taeyang, Daesung, and Seungri (also main dancer)
They are best known for their hit Koh Ji Mal (Lies).
Also now they are famous for their new hit single, Haru Haru (Day by Day).
They recently released their new mini album, Number One.
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What is the big bang theory for kids?
A simplistic explanation of the Big Bang Theory is that it presents a secular foundation for the causation, continuation and probable termination of our universe. The universe is not static; it is always in motion and it is evolving from one moment to the next. This theory establishes a foundation for studying all matter and energy, consistent with the secular viewpoint of our observable universe.
Assuming the universe will act within the gas matrix theorum, as gas expands, it will decrease in pressure, cool, or both. It can be assumed that as the universe expanded, the basis for heat expanded also, and therefore, the heat mass decreased. The temperature of the universe cooled as the universe expanded.
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Who proposed what is known as the big bang theory?
Jesuit priest George LeMaitre first proposed the idea that our Universe is expanding over time.
Edwin Hubble provided the first astronomical evidence that LeMaitre was correct.
How is the big bang theory based on observations?
The evidences of big bang theory depends upon the facts -
from the very first second our universe continues to expand , the distant galaxies are moving away from each other and redshift is directly proportional to the distance between the galaxies . It is related such that if the equation of state denoted by w ( Ratio between dark energy pressure and energy density ) is less that -1 then our universe is pulled apart , this type of energy is called the phantom energy ( a form of quintessence ) and also cosmic microwave background radiation serves As the landmark of big bang theory and it is related to big bang by this way -
In beginning of this universe it was much smaller and hotter and filled with opaque fog of hydrogen plasma and when universe expand and cools down and electron and protons together forms the neutral atoms, it's No longer absorb thermal radiation and make the universe transparent
How will the Big Bang affect us?
The Big Bang is the scientifically accepted model for explaining the origin of the universe as we know it. Thus, it could be said that this event has resulted in the possibility of everything "in existence" (we are not sure whether a multiverse is impossible) and thereby affected everything contained within it, including us.
What made the Big Bang happen?
Scientists have speculated that the separation of the strong force from the electro-nuclear force caused it. But you have to think of it this way... time might have not existed before the big bang so could anything cause it... ?
What was outside the big bang?
The concept of "outside" the Big Bang is not well defined because the Big Bang represents the initial singularity from which the universe began expanding. Traditional notions of space and time break down at the moment of the Big Bang, making it difficult to speculate about what might have existed "outside" it.
Some minor branches of physics include astrophysics, biophysics, and nuclear physics. Astrophysics focuses on the study of celestial objects and phenomena in the universe, while biophysics applies principles of physics to biological systems. Nuclear physics examines the properties and interactions of atomic nuclei and their constituents.
Who wrote the big bang theory?
The Jesuit priest Georges LeMaitre was, in 1927, the first to mathematically detail a cosmological study now known as the Big Bang.
By the 1930's, the consensus for modeling cosmology was agreed upon based on the work of four scientists: Alexander Friedmann, Georges Lemaître, Howard Percy Robertson, and Arthur Geoffrey Walker. Occasionally referred to as the FLRW, FRW, FL, or RW (e.g., a complete or partial combination of their last initials) Universe, it presents a metric used to explain Einstein's field equation of general relativity and thus became the foundation for the currently understood version of the standard 'Big Bang Theory'.
What scientist contributed in the big bang theory?
Friedmann Theory - Alexander Alexandrovich Friedmann is best known for his pioneering theory that the universe was expanding, governed by a set of equations he developed from Albert Einstein's equations of general relativity, showing that the Universe might be expanding in contrast to the static Universe model advocated by Einstein at that time. From these equations he postulated three Friedmann models describing positive, zero and negative curvature respectively. This dynamic cosmological model of general relativity would come to form the standard for both the Big Bang and Steady State theories.
However it was Georges Lemaître, a Belgian physicist and Roman Catholic priest, who, in 1927, independently used Friedmann's equations to propose that the inferred recession of the spiral nebulae (per Edwin Hubble's discovery of 1924) was due to the expansion of the Universe. As such, the Jesuit priest Georges LeMaitre was credited with being the first to mathematically detail a cosmological study now known as the Big Bang.
What does the big bang theory suggest?
The Big Bang suggests that the universe is Time bound (or has a finite existence), that the universe is expanding (within the dimensional limits of Space and Time), that the universe is evolving a set amount of matter and energy while it is expanding over time, and that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic with respect to Space and Time.
Do Christians Believe the Big Bang Theory?
The assertion that on one hand we have science and the other hand we have the belief in Genesis, as if the two are incompatible is a total fallacy. Genesis belief is not anti-scientific, nor does it reject genuine scientific inquiry. It merely starts from a different paradigm and so gets different results.
So, in returning to the question, many Christians also do not believe in the Big Bang, along with a growing number of non or even anti- Christian evolutionary scientists.
Many Christians having been educated that the Big Bang is fact have never seen the scientific evidence which is accumulating against it. Nor have they ever seen any Creationist physics. They thus accept the Big Bang because they believe they have no other choice as not to except it makes them look sub-human or anti-intellectual. Well Christ preached about having and open mind and seeking out the truth. So, if someone claimed to be a Christian that didn't believe in the Big Bang, the would be a hypocrite (hypocrisy of course being sinful). Too many Christians get worked up by the debate of young earth creationist Vs. Old earth creationism that they forgot what is the most important thing about our Christian faith. Which is the gospel of Jesus is the Christ, and that he is our Lord and savior. In other words, they build their faith on their belief that the earth is 6000 years old or billions of years old, instead of building their faith on Jesus Christ.
But if you must know if Christian believe the Big Bang theory, then the answer is that a lot of Christians think the Big Bang theory is a valid, scientifically proven model that has a lot of Christian implications, because the model predicts that the universe had a beginning.
As for Christians saying that the Big Bang theory is based on Naturalist philosophy, they are wrong! The Big Bang theory actually has a Catholic/Christian root because it was proposed by a catholic priest Monsignor Georges Lemaitre. In the past, many atheist scientists have been trying to prove that the Big Bang is wrong because they don't like the implication that the theory predicts the universe had a beginning (therefore, pointing towards a supernatural creator who started the big bang).
There are a number of reasons to suspect that the universe started from a point: 1) All the distant galaxies are headed away from us, so 13.7 billion years ago they were in one spot.. 2) The macro-universe is no different on opposite sides. Nothing has had the time to smooth out both sides. 3) The Microwave background noise is everywhere, and it is an echo of the "Big Bang" (sort of...). So how did the universe get from a tiny point to what we have now? Well the best theory is that in the first second of the Big Bang, SPACE (not matter) inflated tremendously fast. This is a complicated subject, but much is know about what happened, and many pieces of evidence point in this direction.
