Bill of Rights

Amendment VII

In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise reexamined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
The 7th amendment gives citizens the right to a jury trial in civil court cases where the damages exceed $20.

Nine Constitutional Rights of the Accused:

(Does not include rights enumerated under the Eighth Amendment, but should)

1. Indictment (5th): No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger;
2. Double-jeopardy (5th): nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb;
3. Protection from self-incrimination (5th): nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself,
4. Due Process (5th): nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law;
5. Speedy, public trial by jury (6th): the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed
6. Informed of charges (6th): to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation;
7. Confront witnesses (6th): to be confronted with the witnesses against him;
8. Call defense witnesses (6th): to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor,
9. Assistance of Counsel (6th): to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.

The "Bill of Rights"are amendments to the Constitution. The Bill of Rights was primarily established because the legal protection the Constitution provided to Americans was incomplete. The Bill of Rights ensures protection of the natural rights of liberty and property including freedom of speech, free press, free assembly and free association. It is also stated in the Bill of Rights that an individual is guaranteed a speedy, public trial with an impartial jury. In addition, the Bill of Rights reserves for the people any rights not specifically mentioned within the Constitution and also reserves all powers not granted to the federal government to the people or the States.

I would had, the Bill of Rights only applied to the Federal Government. For example, though the Federal Government was not allowed to establish a religion, many states including Massachusetts continued to have State religions.
The Bill of Rights contains the individual rights guaranteed to all Americans: they include freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of the press (what we today call the media), and freedom to petition the government for a redress of grievances (in other words, to protest or let the government know if you don't like what is being done). The Founding Fathers did not want America to ever go back to being a monarchy where a king decided what the citizens could and could not do. The Bill of Rights put into the Constitution the specific rights that all Americans were entitled to have.

The supremacy clause, which is found in Article VI, Section 2 of the constitution and reads as follows: This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.

Additionally, the 14th amendment goes further by stating: No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States.

The Second Amendment isn't bad. Ignorance about firearms and the true causes of violence is bad.

• The second amendment is neither good nor bad, it is law. Written as the second point in the Bill of Rights it holds sway over everything the founding fathers thought was important other than the 1st amendment's prohibition of the establishment of religion, the free exercise of religion, the freedom of speech, freedom of the press and the right of the people to peaceably assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. Certainly these aren't considered bad but as cornerstones of an American Republic. The wording of the second amendment is usually how those who oppose individual gun rights try to establish restrictions on gun ownership. They point to the well regulated militia clause and want to say that guns should only be for well regulated militias or more specifically the military. The latest ruling on this issue was just a couple years ago when the Supreme Court struck down a Washington DC law that restricted individual gun rights. Writing for the majority Antonin Scalia wrote, "Nowhere else in the Constitution does a "right" attributed to "the people" refer to anything other than an individual right. What is more, in all six other provisions of the Constitution that mention "the people," the term unambiguously refers to all members of the political community, not an unspecified subset. This contrasts markedly with the phrase "the militia" in the prefatory clause. As we will describe below, the "militia" in colonial America consisted of a subset of "the people"- those who were male, able bodied, and within a certain age range. Reading the Second Amendment as protecting only the right to "keep and bear Arms" in an organized militia therefore fits poorly with the operative clause's description of the holder of that right as 'the people'". So, whether a single person thinks the 2nd amendment is bad or good is irrelevant. It is law. It can be changed, of course. Not through court decisions but rather a new law. To ratify a new amendment it takes 2/3rds of the Congress and 3/4ths of the states. Good luck with that.