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Circuits
Overachieving and under-appreciated, circuits are the foundation that our technological society is built on. Now's your chance to find out not only how they work, but why. Questions regarding the physics behind voltage, resistance, capacitance, inductance, transistors, LEDs, switches, and power supplies; and how they're used to create analog and digital circuits, should be directed here.
1,646 Questions
What part of the circuit consumes the electrical energy by converting it into other forms of energy?
The generic name of that part is the LOAD.
If one bulb fails and all the others turn off you are dealing with a?
A circuit of a series configuration.
Conclusion for capacitance and capacitive reactance?
Capacitance is the capacity to store electric charges, usually a small amount of it, in a capacitor.Capacitive reactance is the reactance associated with a capacitor. Reactance is something that opposes the flow of current, in an AC circuit - but, unlike resistance, DOES NOT convert electrical energy into heat.
The process of transmission of the electricity generated?
The electricity generated is transmitted through power lines from the power plant to substations. From there, it is distributed to homes, businesses, and other end users through a network of power lines and transformers. Control systems and monitoring devices help manage the flow of electricity and maintain a stable power supply.
Explain the use of state diagrams in a sequential circuit?
State diagrams are used to model the behavior of sequential circuits by showing the different states the circuit can be in and the transitions between those states based on inputs. Each state represents a unique condition or behavior of the circuit, and the transitions show how the circuit moves from one state to another in response to input changes. By visually depicting the states and transitions, state diagrams help in designing and analyzing sequential circuits for correct operation.
The opposition of current is called?
"Opposition to current" can refer to resistance, reactance, or impedance.
What is positive logic system?
It means that an electronic circuit is designed in such a way that a 1 is represented by a HIGH voltage, and a 0 is represented by a LOW voltage. Also known as active-high. If it's the other way round, it's called active-low, or negative logic.
When a lamp is switched off is the electrical current to the light open or closed?
Open and closed does not refer to electrical current or the flow of electricity. Open or closed refers to the state of an electrical circuit.
When a lamp is turned on electricity flows through wires, the switch and the lamp; and the circuit is considered closed. When a lamp is switched off the circuit is considered open (or broken) and the flow of electric current is stopped.
Which property of Electric current is used in electrolysis?
Probably the fact that a typical electric current is made up of moving electrons. Also, the fact that it carries energy.
What is an electric circuit with components pleased one after the other?
It is a series circuit, where all the lamps (for instance) is on the same wire. If one lamp fails, the rest lamps will also go out.
Why negative feedback amplifier is preferred to positive feedback amplifier?
The negative feedback tends to stabilize the circuit; positive feedback would make it more unstable. For example, the "beta" of a transistor OF THE SAME SERIES - this is basically the amplification factor - may vary between 100 and 1000. With negative feedback, the circuit is hardly affected by these changes in beta - at the cost of a reduced amplification.
It is an equation that describes the I-V characteristic of a diode. In other words, how the current depends on the voltage.The Shockley diode equation uses an exponential expression. See the Wikipedia article on "Shockley diode equation" for more details.
However, for many practical purposes, it's accurate enough to think of a diode as being "open" in the "forward" direction (no voltage drop), and having a voltage drop of about 0.7 V (in the case of diodes made from silicon) in the "reverse" direction.
Does the light switch use direct current or alternating current?
A direct current flows only in one direction. An alternating current changes its direction of flow in a regular (cyclic) way, all the time and usually several times per second.
Other answers
An alternating current (AC) is an electrical current whose magnitude and direction vary cyclically, as opposed to direct current, whose direction remains constant.
The usual waveform of an AC power circuit is a sine wave, as this is the way the electricity is generated in the power plants. It also allows us to efficiently transmit the energy by transforming it to a higher voltage.
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Alternating current is an electrical current whose magnitude and direction vary cyclically. The direction of direct current remains constant. The frequency of the electrical system varies by country. Most electric power is generated at either 50 or 60 Hertz (cycles per second).
In electronic equipment, different waveforms are used, such as triangular, sawtooth or square waves, the latter form being the "heart and soul" of digital computers and modern communications.
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During just one cycle of a single-phase alternating supply, the "live" or "hot" wire of an alternating voltage (or current) supply goes from zero to its positive peak, then back to zero, then continues on to its negative peak and back to zero again.
These positive- and negative-going parts of each cycle are always voltages (or currents) relative to the "neutral" wire. A neutral wire is necessary to allow the currents to return to the alternator.
In a 60 hertz supply there are 60 such cycles in each and every second. Similarly, there are 50 such cycles in each and every second in a 50 hertz supply.
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The voltage in the "live" or "hot" wire usually follows a waveform very close to a perfect sine wave.
Depending on the voltages and currents required, alternators can be, for example, very large power generating machines installed at power stations or the much smaller type of alternators which are fitted into vehicles.
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AC, or Alternating Current, does exactly what the name implies. In USA, Canada - and in other countries which use the same service frequency - the direction of the current changes 60 times a second (also called a frequency of 60 Hertz) between the 'Hot' (also known as the 'Live') wire - often colored Black - and the Common (also known as the 'Neutral') wire, which is usually colored White. In Europe and many other areas of the world, the service frequency is 50 times a second (50 Hertz).
It is the service frequency which makes the typical "humming" sound you hear from transformers or electric AC motors when they are running.
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The good link below "AC, DC and Electrical Signals" gives a lot more information about the difference between alternating current and direct current.
Direct Current and Alternating Current:
The first and simpler type of electricity is called direct current, abbreviated "DC". This is the type of electricity that is produced by batteries, static, and lightning. A voltage is created, and possibly stored, until a circuit is completed. When it is, the current flows directly, in one direction. In the circuit, the current flows at a specific, constant voltage (this is oversimplified somewhat but good enough for our needs.)
The other type of electricity is called alternating current, or "AC". This is the electricity that you get from your house's wall and that you use to power most of your electrical appliances. Alternating current is harder to explain than direct current. The electricity is not provided as a single, constant voltage, but rather as a sinusoidal (sine) wave that over time starts at zero, increases to a maximum value, then decreases to a minimum value, and repeats.
Why is it a very bad idea to connect an ammeter directly across a voltage source?
Connecting an ammeter directly across a voltage source can cause a short circuit, damaging the ammeter and potentially causing overheating or even a fire hazard. This is because an ammeter has a low resistance, which could cause a very high current to flow through the circuit, overwhelming the device and damaging it. It is important to always connect an ammeter in series with the circuit to measure current accurately and safely.
How do you get a series circuit to work?
To get a series circuit to work, you need to connect each component one after the other in a single loop. Make sure that the components are connected in such a way that the current flows through each one sequentially. When a voltage source is connected at the beginning and end of the loop, the circuit will be able to function.
What are the advantage of transistor over vacuum tube?
- lower power dissipation
- higher reliability
- lower operating voltage
- instant on (no heater warm-up time)
- smaller size
- lighter weight
- more rugged
- more efficient
- possible to integrate with other devices into one package
- etc.
How can two 4v lamps be lit up by two 2v cells?
-- Connect the cells in series. The two terminals of their series combination present
a potential difference of 4 volts.
-- Connect both lamps in parallel between the terminals of the series-connected cells.
How many miliamperes are produced when 4 D cells are in series circuit?
The current in the circuit is
(6,000)/(the resistance connected between the terminals of the D cells, in ohms)milliamperes
Why in houses if one bulb is fused the rest of the bulbs continue to glow?
If a circuit is wired in parallel, all the bulbs have their own independent access to electricity, so if one bulb goes out, the others are not affected. If the circuit is wired in series, then one bulb going out will block the current to all the other bulbs as well.
Why do at homes all the lights and fans go off if main switch is turned off?
A main switch is one which controls all the electrical power at a given house or other location. That's what is meant by main switch.
What particles move during an electric circuit?
Neutrons. (In type ax1, ay1 is varied due to voltage and amp conditions.)
Would two AA batteries in parallel do as much work as one D battery?
Both AA and D batteries are 1½ volts. A D battery is used where more current is required - it can deliver more power for longer.
For typical batteries with alkaline chemistry:
The typical capacity of a D battery is 12000 to 18000 mAh.
The typical capacity of an AA battery is 1200 to 2500 mAh.
Two AA batteries in parallel will supply twice their current rating, about 2400 to 5000 mAh. You would need 8 to 10 AA batteries in parallel to supply the current of a D battery.
What is the general resistance of a tungsten filament?
The resistance of the filament in a light bulb is
(voltage at which the bulb is designed to operate)2/(the rated power/watts of the bulb)
