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Civil Engineering
Civil Engineering is a profession of designing and executing structural works that serve the general public, like houses, buildings, roads, etc. A Civil Engineer is an engineer trained in the design and construction of public works, such as bridges or dams, and other large facilities.
4,921 Questions
Why is symmetry important in truss structures?
Stresses will be distributed equally among members if there is symmetry. It will be easier to calculate it will be easier to manufacture...
How do you make a strong truss bridge?
you take wood,glue(wood glue), news paper, the set it up as you want it then glue
What are the objectives of rock mechanics?
Rock mechanics can be considered the response of rock and rockmasses to the loads / stresses which they experience, how these may change under varying situations / conditions and the resultant implications for construction within them.
Broadly speaking the objectives of rock mechanics are to allow the safe design and construction of structures within rockmasses. To do this it is necessary to gain an appreciation of the strength and orientation of discontinuity surfaces relative to the planned structure (for example a tunnel) and then decide on the necessary level of support that may be required which is in turn a function of the assessed stability of the span or wall and also it's final intended use and lifespan. For example a mining tunnel used by a relatively small number of users would likely be assessed to require less support than a road tunnel in the same material as the consequences of failure would be much more significant in a road tunnel.
What is the compressive strength of aluminum?
That will depend on how it is heat treated and the material type. For example 6061 T6 has an ultimate of 42,000 psi but 6061 annealed is only 18,000 psi. Aluminum 7075 is 80,000 psi heat treated to T6 temper and 33,000 psi annealed.
Why are some roads asphalt and some concrete?
Asphalt is used because primarily because it is cheaper than concrete. Asphalt is also more pliable, and can expand and contract in changing weather. Concrete, however, cannot expand or contract as well, so gaps are placed periodically to ease this tension or compression. Also Asphalt creates less noise than Concrete. it helps me walk better on da ground yasss very much
What is the largest cantilever bridge in India?
actually you know what I don't know the answer, I don't know why they ask me what is the answer since its a website so we should ask them the question but here they are asking the question.
How much weight will a k-truss bridge usually hold?
To figer that out, well it is hard. you would have be a geart geomiter or bulider. some steel bridges are pritty old so yeh.
How is the suspension bridge different from most other modern bridges?
In simple terms, cable stayed use less cables then a suspension bridge. They are a combination of both beam and suspension. Suspension bridges hold the "deck" (where vehicles cross), via the cables, hence the term "suspension"; whereas, a cable stayed has the deck connected via the cables to anchorage points.
List 6 difference between dam and reservoir?
A reservoir is a man made "lake"
whereas a lake is a result of glaciation that has changed over time and formed a U-shaped valley and the lake will be present in the valley. A lake is an inland body of freshwater & a reservoir is a man made (artificial) version of the same thing. Water in a reservoir is kept there by means of a dam.
How do you calculate the wastage in concrete?
You need to calculate the total volume of the space that the concrete has to fill.
if you're doing a slab 4" thick a cu. yd. will cover 81 sq. ft. Take the total area
and divide by 81 to get the number of yard needed.
Is the Sydney Harbour Bridge a Truss Bridge?
The Sydney Harbour Bridge is not the largest bridge in the world. There are many longer bridges. However, it is the largest steel arch bridge in the world, but not the longest. It's arch stands 134 m above the waters of Sydney Harbour.
How much would 1 ton of bronze be worth?
it depends what type of bronze medal, one from the Olympics, one from a famous person
What is the design life of concrete?
It can depend on the governing agency standards mostly, but the typical design life used by ACI (American Concrete Institute) is an average of 75 years. The normal range given in between 50-100 years.
Note:
The word "Subway" can mean two things.
A short pathway under a road is one.
Underground transportation on rails is the other.
The invention of a pathway under a road is probably many many thousand years old. I believe we have had subways for as long as mankind have been building roads. In beginning a subway was formed just by coincidence because of terrain where road were built.
The first descriptions of Subways is probably from Rome, but it is highly unlikely that they were the first or the only one to utilize them.
The underground transportation on rails however... That is of much more modern character and its story is amazing.
Short answer:
Charles Pearson and/or Queen Victoria (Born 24 May 1819, Died 22 January 1901)
But to understand why, you would need the wordy version.
Even teachers might disagree before the wordy version is read.
It also depends what ones perspective of an inventor is.
Longish wordy answer:
The actual inventor:
I have found many names through my research on Internet.
Alfred Ely Beach, Charles Pearson, Sir John Fowler, Queen Victoria of GBR
I have not been able to find a "one man/woman person" that is "correct" to credit for the invention. It seems that this "invention" as such is nothing more than using existing equipment and machinery's, just under ground instead of over ground.
The idea:
Sewers.. ewwww. but still...
The years of the "Big Stink" in London (1858 - 59), led to the installation of large new sewers to deliver wastes to the Thames River -- this time, to a discharge point downstream of the Parliament Buildings! Queen Victoria was so excited about the new larger sewer tunnels that she ordered a small rail line to be installed therein to transport people through the sewer.
Maybe the inventor actually was a woman of royal blood. She may not have been the very first in the world to think it possible, but she was the first to order it done.
The first underground railway in the world was the Metropolitan Railway, now part of the London Underground. London's system was proposed by Charles Pearson, as part of a city improvement plan, after the Thames Tunnel opened. After ten years of discussion, the British Parliament authorized the construction of an underground railway. Construction began in 1860 and was complete in 1863. Steam locomotives were used on the underground route until 1905.[31] The first electric underground railway was the City & South London Railway, also now part of the Underground, which opened in 1890.
The inventor popularly credited with the invention of the pneumatic tube subway is Alfred Ely Beach. Beach received a 1865 patent for a pneumatic transit system (pneumatic tube) for mail and passengers. He also built America's first subway.
The idea of a pneumatic under ground railway however belongs to Charles Pearson that already back in 1845 Published a pamphlet calling for the construction of an underground railway driven by compressed air.
Beach's subway in New York City was an experimental subway driven by compressed air and vacuum and the total length was only 312 feet (104 yards). It operated from 1870-73, when it was closed.
Between the 1860 and 1863 Sir John Fowler and others actually built the first section of the London Underground. The section that opened in 1863 was about two miles long.
Alfred Ely Beach actually got his inspiration from London Underground in regards to a subway.
Conclusions:
We understand that Alfred Ely Beach did not actually invent the underground, but he did make use of the pneumatic tube which had much less pollution to it. We understand that sewer canals under ground is the most likely origin of the actual subway transportation under ground.
We understand that it actually was an English Queen that saw the possibility of transporting people in sewer canals and ordered this done/made. If this indeed was her own idea, then I must credit Queen Victoria (Born 24 May 1819, Died 22 January 1901).
She was the longest reigning British monarch and the figurehead of a vast empire. She oversaw huge changes in British society and gave her name to an age.
However.
Charles Pearson proposed an underground system for transportation to the British parliament. History tells:
After ten years of discussion, the British Parliament authorized the construction of an underground railway and construction began in 1860.
This mean that Charles Pearson had the idea before Queen Victoria.
It can even be that the queen gave this idea for Pearson to mature the idea in the parliament. Political games has throughout time been played out in mysterious ways.
Pearson published a pamphlet as early as 1845 calling for the construction of an underground railway through the Fleet valley to Farringdon. The proposed railway would have been an atmospheric railway with trains pushed through tunnels by compressed air. Although the proposal was ridiculed and came to nothing (and would almost certainly have failed if it had been built, due to the shortcomings of the technology proposed), Pearson continued to lobby for a variety of railway schemes throughout the 1840s and 1850s.
How is carbon steel classified?
By appointment carbon steel is classified by structural and instrumental. Depending on the quality of structural carbon steel is divided into quality steel and steel of ordinary quality, instrumental - for quality and high performance. Depending on the degree of deoxidation of steel divided into boiling, halftranquil, quiet.
How Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory applied in the construction industry?
In a service organization, the organization must first meet the physical needs of the people it is serving, such as by providing food, health care, and shelter. It can then provide for their higher needs, such as feeling empowered to seek their legal rights.
The 9th CGPM and the CIPM (Comité international des poids et mesures) formally adopted "degree Celsius" (symbol: °C) in 1948.
What is the salary for civil engineers in US?
$50,000 to $150,000. The best paid civil engineers are those that have a unique specialty, but it can also mean that they have periods where their specialty is not required for months at a time. Civil engineers working as consultants and willing to travel anywhere for extended periods generally have the highest salaries, but they also spend the most time far from home.
Why suitable coarse and fine aggregate used in the concrete ingredient?
aggregates are used to concrete for following purposes:
1.if totally binding materials like cement is used in concrete, the cost of concrete will be high which is uneconomical.
2.to prevent high shrinkage of concrete mix fine aggregates are used.
3.to increase the volume of concrete mix aggregates are used.
