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Cold and Flu

Questions and answers about the "Common Cold"; symptoms in the upper respiratory tract like sneezing, scratchy throat, and runny nose, but adults don't typically have fevers. Colds are usually caused by the rhinovirus (up to 40% of colds), or Coronaviruses (about 20%), but there are more than 200 viruses that can cause the common cold. Also questions about the seasonal flu, also called "regular flu", caused mostly by Type A and Type B Influenza viruses. Flu starts with similar symptoms as a cold only it hits faster and harder and usually includes fever in adults. Although the "stomach flu" is a common term, it is not a real diagnosis. The proper medical term for stomach flu is gastroenteritis (an intestinal disease, sometimes viral but also bacterial), it is often mistaken for influenza because the flu can sometimes include vomiting and diarrhea.

4,331 Questions

How do you get the flu-virus?

The flu is caused by a virus that you must be exposed to in order to get the flu. it's all lies

Does the flu always come with a fever?

The answer would have to be "almost always", if there is no fever or a low grade fever, the ill person will likely be immuno-compromised (have a disorder of the immune system) or they have a common cold virus instead of a flu virus. Symptoms can often be the same, except flu almost always involves high fever and a cold does not usually cause fevers over 101F.

Why are old people vaccinated in the winter for flu?

A few reasons: they have weaker immune systems as they age so they catch it easier, they are the largest demographic group to die each year of the seasonal flu (36,000 Americans, mostly the elderly or the very young, die each year from flu), many are unable to properly care for themselves if they live alone and get sick, so they are more likely to be dehydrated and get weaker and sicker, most of them have some degree of underlying health issues that add to the severity of any infections they get. They (and all of us) need to get seasonal flu shots each year because the types of flu that will be going around change with each new season.

How many years did the Spanish flu last for?

March 11, 1918: An Army private at Fort Riley, Kansas reports to the camp hospital complaining of fever, sore throat, and headache. Before the day is over, over 100 soldiers fall sick. July 1918: Public health officials in Philadelphia issue a warning about what they call the "Spanish influenza". Aug. 27, 1918: Sailors stationed aboard the Receiving Ship at Commonwealth Pier in Boston begin reporting to the sick bay with cold symptoms. Aug. 30, 1918: At least 60 sailors aboard the Receiving Ship fall sick. September 1918: Dr. Victor Vaughn, acting Surgeon General of the Army, receives urgent orders to proceed to Camp Devens near Boston. Once there, what Vaughn sees stuns him: "I saw hundreds of young stalwart men in uniform coming into the wards of the hospital. Every bed was full, yet others crowded in. The faces wore a bluish cast; a cough brought up the blood-stained sputum. In the morning, the dead bodies are stacked about the morgue like cordwood." That day, 63 men die of influenza. Sept. 5, 1918: The Massachusetts Department of Health informs local newspapers that they are dealing with an epidemic. A doctor with the Massachusetts State Health Department says, "unless precautions are taken the disease in all probability will spread to the civilian population of the city." Sept. 24, 1918: Edward Wagner, newly transplanted from Chicago, falls ill with the flu. This flies in the face of San Francisco public health officials who had played down the threat of the flu to the public. Sept. 28, 1918: 200,000 gather for a 4th Liberty Loan Drive in Philadelphia. Days after the parade, 635 new cases of influenza were reported. Within days, the city will be forced to admit that epidemic conditions exist. Churches, schools, and theaters are ordered closed, along with all other places of "public amusement." Oct. 2, 1918: By the point, the death toll in Boston is 202. The Liberty Bond parades are cancelled as well as all sporting events. The stock market goes on half-days. Oct. 3, 1918: The epidemic reaches Seattle, Washington, with 700 cases and one death at the University of Washington Naval Training Station. Oct. 6, 1918: Philadelphia records 289 influenza-related deaths in a single day. Oct. 7, 1918: New Mexico, which had remained largely untouched by the influenza, reports its first case. Oct. 11, 1918: Santa Fe, New Mexico reports its first flu-related death. Mid-Oct.: In a single day, 851 New Yorkers die. The death rate in Philly for the period of a single week is 700 times the average. The Chicago crime rate drops 43 percent. Oct. 19, 1918: In Philadelphia, Dr. C.Y. White announces he has developed a preventative vaccine. More than 10,000 complete series of inoculations are sent to the Philadelphia Board of Health. Oct. 29, 1918: Six-ply gauze masks become mandatory in Seattle. Oct. 30, 1918: Six-ply gauze masks become mandatory in the entire state of Washington. Oct. 31 1918: Because of the Influenza Pandemic that grips the nation, most Halloween celebrations are cancelled due to quarantines. One Illinois paper reports: "The ghost parties, masquerades and dances which have always been so popular at this time of the year, are as scarce as the corn and eggs, not because of Mr. Hoover, but because of Mr. Influenza. Many parties which have been planned for Friday and Saturday night have been postponed as the quarantine will not be lifted before next Monday. But not all of the Halloween spirit has been killed by the influenza. Crowds of boys and girls have been using ticktacks on the windows, tearing down gates and and beating the porches with planks , for the last three nights, and they are all prepared to be out tonight, so be not surprised if you hear mysterious noise tonight." End of October: October 1918 ends up being the deadliest month in the history of the United States, with 195,000 Americans succumbing to the influenza. Nov. 3, 1918: The News of the World prints some suggested flu precautions: "Wash inside nose with soap and water each night and morning; force yourself to sneeze night and morning, then breathe deeply; do not wear a muffler; take sharp walks regularly and walk home from work; eat plenty of porridge." Nov. 11, 1918: Armistice is announced and World War I comes to an end. Though much of the joy is weighed down by the epidemic, people around the world venture out into the streets for the first time in order to celebrate. Many go out without their masks for the first time, leading to a surge in influenza cases in many cities for weeks after the Armistice. Nov. 18, 1918: By this date, 5,000 have died in New Mexico. Celebrating the end of World War I, 30,000 San Franciscans take to the streets to celebrate. There was much dancing and singing. Everybody wore a face mask. Nov. 21, 1918: Sirens sound in San Francisco announcing that it is safe for everyone to remove their face masks. Dec. 1918: 5,000 new cases of influenza are reported in San Francisco. Jan. 1919: Schools reopen in Seattle. March 1919: This is the first month that no influenza deaths are reported in Seattle.

Are viruses non cellular organisms?

Viruses are non-living just like a rock is. Since they are not cells, they can not be alive. However, they can "hijack" a living cell. They have either DNA or RNA which allows this hijacking to occur. By doing this, they can make the host cell make more viruses just like them. This causes the virus to spread.

What are flu symptoms of pregnancy?

I suspect i am about 4-6 weeks pregnant and i have missed a period. It was due on the 18th of March and still hasn't come. The past week i have felt sluggish, got a cold, sore throat and my breasts were swollen and stinging and i have noticable blue lines over them. My backs been killing to and i have had an urge to eat, I've never stopped eating! Has anyone else had any of these symptoms and do you suspect i might be pregnant?

Flu symptoms are a sign of flu, but it sounds as if you are pregnant and have a cold. You lose your appetite with flu.

---Hello.

It is strange I am also having light flu-like symptoms but not accompanied by other flu symptoms . Are you pregnant??

Hey, I've been having a similar problem, i had unprotected sex about 3/4 weeks ago and i took the morning after pill but the past week I've been having a really strong feeling that i may be pregnant, I've had what feels kinda like period cramps, had butterflys for no reason, extremely tired, loss of appetite, feeling dizzy and nauseous ( haven't actually be sick though) been feeling very emotional, I've had a lot of vaginal discharge and now have flu symptoms, I'm not due my period till next week and can't stand this waiting game, I'm terrified I'm pregnant and won't know how to go about telling the guy if i am, we've only been seeing each other for a couple of months, we aren't properly together either, what should i do?

How does swine flu affect your body cells?

Initially the influenza viruses "hijack" the host's cells to turn them into virus making "factories". The virus enters the cell and changes the DNA of that cell to cause it to work for the virus instead of for your body. After the cell fills up with replicants of the virus, it splits open and releases them to in turn infect new cells and repeat the reproductive process in each of them. The host's cells that are used this way are killed in the process of releasing the virions (virus particles). This is called the Lytic Cycle. For a more in-depth explanation of that cycle, see the related questions below. For more information about the impacts of a viral infection on the body systems, see also the additional questions added in the related questions section.

What are treatments for sore throat?

Sore throats are caused by irritation to the throat lining - many things can cause this. Usually, you get a sore throat when you have a cold or flu, and are coughing and swallowing mucus down the back of your throat, both of which irritate the lining. You can also have a sore throat if you get too dry, or if you talk too much.

One can use cough drops, cough syrup, tea with lemon and honey,

As an emergency room doctor told me, any hard candy does the same thing. It coats the throat when the protective mucus is removed from an infection.

Does Humana pay for flu vaccine?

A health insurance policy from Humana may cover flu shots, but it depends on the specific plan of coverage that you have and whether it includes a preventive medicine component. The only way to know for sure is to contact your insurance customer service representative and ask about your specific plan's benefits.

Most plans do cover some portion of immunizations and the Humana plans for Medicare beneficiaries do cover flu vaccinations.

In addition, some plans will cover the cost of the vaccine but may pay none or only some portion of the costs for the administration of the vaccination (the charges a provider may add to cover the costs of the equipment, like syringes, and the costs of the time the clinician uses to give the flu shot or other form of flu vaccination). There may also be co-payments involved for you to pay even if it is a covered service.

Can a virus make you feel bad just like Swine Flu?

Yes, swine flu (H1N1/09) is just one type of virus that gives you influenza, there are many other influenza viruses that would have the same or very similar symptoms.

Other viruses that are not flu viruses can make you feel as bad as swine flu, but the way they make you feel bad and the parts of your body that are most affected by each different virus will vary.

Some examples of other conditions caused by viruses are:

  • Measles
  • Mumps
  • Chicken pox
  • "Stomach Flu" ~ Viral Gastroenteritis
  • The "Common Cold" ~ Rhinovirus
  • HIV/AIDS

But there are many. See the related question below about how to protect yourself from viruses.

What can you give your 4 year old for a constant runny nose?

It depends on if your one year old is sick or not.

If the baby is sick then you could give it some babby tylenol

and if the baby is not sick then the baby might just be teething.

Can you have two colds at the same time?

I think I can answer this question. My experience with cold sores (also known as fever blisters) has been that they usually come in clusters of small sores. And, for me, they often seem to appear in one of two places - to the left of center on my upper lip or near the center of my lower lip. I don't remember ever having cold sores on the two places at the same time. I have, however, found a correlation with cold sores and chap stick (or any other product containing wax). Wax works great for chapped lips but I have found that I often get a cold sore after using chap stick - even new chap stick - or any other product containing wax. Read labels carefully because some products that come in a tube (A&D ointment) or a pot (Carmex) also contain wax. Cold sores are caused by a form of the herpes virus. My dad has always had them (as long as I've been around) but my mom (who's been married to him for over 50 years) never has. I started getting them once I reached puberty, although I wasn't yet sexually active at that time. My theory is that the wax in the chap stick (or whatever) prevents the skin from breathing and if you have the herpes virus in your system, the wax, by blocking the pores, creates an environment for the cold sores to develop. I now use only pure petroleum jelly or lotion (containing no wax) on my lips. It's not as effective as products containing wax for chapped lips but I don't seem to be getting cold sores any more either and, for me, this is a worthwhile trade off. I don't think most people have gotten this connection. Carmex, for example, is meant to be used for both cold sores and chapped lips but it contains wax and I've gotten cold sores after using it. Same with A&D ointment - it also contains wax. So stick with pure petroleum jelly or a lotion that you know contains no wax (read the labels to be sure) and see if it helps to keep the cold sores away. Btw, wax can be called different names on the labels so, if you want to run an accurate experiment and be sure, just use 100% pure petroleum jelly which contains no wax. And good luck!

How many cases of Swine Flu have there been in Oregon?

There may be some ongoing cases in limited locations around the world, including in Nebraska. However, the specifics and counts of cases are no longer being tracked by CDC, WHO, the US states, and most other countries, now that the pandemic has been declared over. Influenza cases are monitored, but specific H1N1/09 counts (and the lab tests needed to isolate the specific virus to be able to count them correctly) aren't being done. Influenza cases in general are monitored, but statistics are not being kept for H1N1/09 cases separately from other influenza types for reporting any longer in the post pandemic phase.

What are the different ways that the flu virus can be spread from person to person?

A person must come into direct contact with a cold or flu virus, either by touching it on a surface from someone's respiratory droplets, usually from a cough or sneeze; or by touching a person who has the virus and getting it directly from them. Usually people get the virus on their hands first and then transfer it by their hands to their mucous tissue (nose, mouth, eyes). See the related questions below.

What medication to take when you have a itchy throut and runny nose?

Use an allergy med such as Chlortriplon or Reactin. These are both over-the-counter meds. Chlortriplon may cause drowsiness in some people, but it works fast. There are certain conditions like liver or kidney disease that would make certain over the counter meds unsafe, so read the package label under warnings first.

Can the same virus infect someone twice?

No. The patient's immune system will have made antibodies in response to the first infection (to cure the patient) and these will prevent subsequent infections by the SAME virus. This is the whole basis of vaccinations.

Do you have to have a fever to have the Swine Flu?

No, some people do not have fever with the H1N1/09 swine flu, although it is a common symptom. See the related question for more information about the symptoms of A-H1N1/09 Pandemic swine flu.

Why do smokers get more colds and they last longer?

The plaque from the smoke collect in the lungs and make the cilia un-able to move. (The cilia move viruses and mucous out of the lungs.) With them being disabled, it is harder to cough out the mucous prolonging the infection or causing a cold by being un-able to move mucous that hold viruses.

Can not wearing socks cause cold?

NO. Colds are caused by a virus.

This is an old wives tale but it has some truth in the fact that if you are very cold your immune system may be compromised and then you will be more susceptible to catching a cold but only if you have been in contact with another person with the virus. Colds & flu are a virus that you have to catch so not wearing socks will not give you a virus but if you are always cold which in turn runs you down then yes you may be more likely to catch something.

Why can't a flu shot be given sub q?

Most of the flu vaccines for injection are designed to be given in the muscle tissue. If your injection was given with the wrong length needle and it ended up in the subcutaneous tissue instead of the muscle, it may still provide some immunity. Check with the clinician who gave you the shot, or with your doctor or pharmacist to find out if you will need another vaccination to be fully protected.

There is a new form of flu vaccine that is made to be injected intradermally (within the layers of the skin). It comes with its own micro-injection system that should assure the injection is in the correct tissue. This would be a type that would likely work better than the IM formulation if given subcutaneously, but the vaccines are not intended to be given by that route.

Do you have to get a flu shot?

The outer coating of the flu virus continually changes its shape. The flu vaccine uses a weak form of the virus with a similar shape to the most common types of flu. By the next year, a new type of flu is circulating. If you get a vaccine, it will be for a virus with a different shape. You will have the option of getting a vaccine for the new type of flu.

What prevention methods are there for gastroenteritis?

There are few steps that can be taken to avoid gastroenteritis. Ensuring that food is well-cooked and unspoiled can prevent bacterial gastroenteritis, but may not be effective against viral gastroenteritis.

What sickness will you get if it is too hot?

You might get heat stroke, which occurs if you stay out in the sun too long.