Vaccinations

People may have different responses to vaccines due to variations in their immune systems, genetic makeup, or underlying health conditions. Additionally, factors such as age, gender, and previous exposure to similar antigens can also influence how individuals respond to vaccines. It is normal for people to have varying reactions to vaccines, as they provoke the immune system in different ways.

A vaccination must contain either a weakened or inactivated form of the disease-causing pathogen, or specific pieces of the pathogen such as proteins or genetic material. This prompts the body's immune system to recognize and remember the pathogen, allowing it to quickly mount a response if the person is exposed to the actual pathogen in the future.

Thimerosal contains a different form of mercury called ethylmercury, which is processed and eliminated from the body more quickly than methylmercury, the type found in some fish. Research has shown that thimerosal is not associated with the same toxic effects as methylmercury, and the small amounts used in vaccines have been deemed safe for use.

Doctors view swine flu as a serious respiratory illness caused by the H1N1 virus. They recommend vaccination for prevention and prompt treatment if symptoms develop to prevent complications. It is important to follow public health guidelines to reduce the spread of the virus.

Edward Jenner developed the first successful smallpox vaccine in 1796, using material from cowpox lesions. His work laid the foundation for modern vaccination techniques. Louis Pasteur further advanced the field of vaccination by developing vaccines for diseases like rabies and anthrax in the late 19th century, demonstrating the concept of attenuating pathogens to create effective vaccines. Together, their contributions revolutionized the field of immunization and have saved countless lives.

Yes, antigenic proteins from specific pathogens can be used to develop vaccines. These proteins can stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies and memory cells that can recognize and protect against future encounters with the pathogen, thereby providing immunity.

The liquid portion of a vaccine is called the diluent or excipient, which serves as a medium for the active ingredients in the vaccine. It helps stabilize and maintain the vaccine's potency and efficacy.

Subunit vaccines are produced using only a part of the viral genome. These vaccines use specific proteins or fragments of the virus to stimulate an immune response without causing infection. An example of a subunit vaccine is the Hepatitis B vaccine.

Memory B cells and memory T cells are responsible for providing immunity to a disease that you were previously exposed to. These cells retain information about the specific pathogen and can mount a faster and more robust response if the same pathogen tries to infect the body again.

Most bacterial vaccines contain parts of the bacteria, such as proteins or sugars, that can stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies. These components are usually either weakened or killed to prevent them from causing disease, while still triggering an immune response. This helps the body recognize and protect itself against future infections from the actual pathogen.

Menactra is a vaccine that helps protect against meningococcal disease, which is a serious bacterial infection that can cause meningitis and blood infections. The vaccine is typically recommended for adolescents and young adults as it helps provide immunity against certain strains of the bacteria.

Hello there!

Vaccines have saved many lives, especially from nasty viruses like smallpox and poliomyelitis which claimed several human lives, and other terrible bacterial infections like diphtheria, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae infections in children, to name a few.

So yeah, vaccines have saved many lives, including mine and yours as well and that is why many of us don't have paralysis either from polio and so on.

Hope this helped you! 😄

Vaccines contain antigens that can stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies and memory cells. Memory cells are a type of immune cells that "remember" the antigen and can quickly respond when the body encounters the pathogen in the future, providing immunity.

They can be either. Some vaccines are made with dead viruses or particles of viruses and other vaccines are made with attenuated (weakened) viruses that are not able to make an otherwise healthy person sick. In 2009 the swine flu vaccine approved for use in the US was prepared both ways, the nasal flu vaccine was made from attenuated viruses and the shots were made with dead viruses.

Vaccinations can provide long-term protection against bacterial diseases by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies. This helps prevent infection and reduce the spread of bacterial illnesses within a population. Vaccinations can also lower the overall burden of disease, saving lives and reducing healthcare costs.

There are vaccines available for certain types of bacterial meningitis, particularly caused by Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Vaccines like MenACWY and PCV13 help protect against these bacteria by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against them. Vaccination is an effective way to prevent bacterial meningitis and its complications.

Cell culture-based vaccines are vaccines that are produced using cell cultures rather than traditional methods involving live organisms or eggs. By using cell cultures, these vaccines can be produced more rapidly, with greater consistency and purity. This technology also reduces the risk of contamination and allows for the production of vaccines against viruses that cannot be easily grown in eggs.

Vaccines prepared from dead or weakened microbes carry a low risk of causing the disease they protect against, but this risk is minimal compared to the risk of contracting the actual illness. In rare cases, individuals with weakened immune systems could potentially develop an infection from these vaccines. However, the overall benefits of vaccines in preventing disease far outweigh these minimal risks.

Edward Jenner had five siblings.

Antibiotics treat current infections. Vaccines create antibodies to deal with a future infection.

A while ago. It just recently started being given out to patients.

P.S - I would recommend this shot. I felt a little light headed the next day but I won't get the flu so it's all worth it !

Eggs have been traditionally used in vaccine production due to their ability to support virus growth. The virus strains used to make the current swine flu vaccine must be grown in eggs in order to achieve sufficient quantity for production.

The BCG vaccine is typically recommended for individuals who are at high risk of tuberculosis infection or complications, such as healthcare workers, travelers to areas with high TB prevalence, and those in close contact with TB patients. Your healthcare provider can assess your risk factors and recommend the vaccine if needed.

Common side effects of the Tetanus vaccine include pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site, mild fever, headache, and fatigue. More serious side effects are rare but can include severe allergic reactions or neurological problems. It is important to discuss any concerns with a healthcare provider before getting the vaccine.