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Computer Networking
Computer networks are collections of computers which are connected together in order to communicate and transfer information. Questions about computer networks, networking protocols, and how to set them up belong here.
18,810 Questions
A web address or URL is made up of five parts: the protocol, the domain name, the path, the directory and the file name. Consider the web address http://coolexample.com/funky/music.html. The protocol is http://, the domain name is coolexample.com, the path is /funky/music.html, the directory is /funky/ and the file name is /music.html.
An IP address is a number that identifies your computer and the network area it is a part of. Every device directly connected to the internet has a unique address. Home and office machines typically have IP addresses that reflect the hierarchy of the network they are on.
You can think of an IP address as being similar to a postal address. It describes where to send data so that it reaches it's destination.
Can you connect two computers by using straight cable?
If the Network Cards(NIC) has a feature called Auto-MDIX which is a computer networking technology that automatically detects the required cable connection type (straight-through or crossover) and configures the connection appropriately, thereby removing the need for crossover cables to interconnect switches or connecting PCs peer-to-peer.
What are examples of intranet?
An intranet is a closed network that is only used by the people in the company or organization that owns the network.. College networks and corporate networks are examples of this type of network.
What is difference between client server and web server?
client site program always execute on client computer while server site program execute on sever computer
AT1 line is a communications connection. It is a standard used in the telecommunications industry. It carries 1.445 Megabits per second. It has the ability to carry 24 separate voice channels. It can serve as a data carrier and provides very fast connectivity to the internet. The next higher increment is the T3 or DS3 which carries 28 T1s. The next lower line is a voice channel at 64 kbps, which is the standard telephone line.
What is the minimum number of computers required for a network?
There must be at least 2 computers to form a network. However, a standalone machine that is connected to the Internet (which is itself a vast network of computers) is considered part of that network and is therefore regarded as a subnet even though there's only one machine in that subnet.
Generally speaking, look for a radiowave-like icon where the network connection area in the task bar should be. If it has radio waves, you're connected to wifi.
The more technical answer would be to figure out what interface your wireless card uses, and then find it in the output of ifconfig. If it has an IP address there, it's connected. But the first one is much easier
An Extranet is part of a company's internal system (called an intranet) that is accessed by other people or businesses.
Usually this is used in a business-to-business (B2B) situation, where suppliers or partner/affiliate companies can share information, forecasts, or even order products or services.
Difference between the world wide web and the internet?
The difference is that when you type something up in the World-wide web then it will tell you results that occur on the internet from all different worlds and languages.... internet only does what you know it does
How can you determine the ip address of a network printer?
If you have physical access to the printer take a look at the printer's configuration menus or have the printer print it out.
You can try pinging the printer by name to see if it responds or if you have access to the print queue configuration information it will be listed there.
What are two functions of intermediary devices on a network?
Computer networks vary in scale from small work groups, local area networks (LANs) to some of the largest networks like the Internet. They are all created essentially from connections between computers. The intermediary devices make the data transfer and regulation of these networks possible. They are designed to serve many functions like making data flow control decisions, data encryption, data modulation and demodulation, provide network security and most importantly, provide point to point connectivity. Here are some of the prime examples of intermediary devices that make this possible. I assume that you are familiar with the OSI (Open System Interconnection) model which describe the hierarchies in a computer networking system. In case you are not familiar with it, refer to the article 'OSI model explained'.
Switches
Network switches or packet switches are devices that connect the various segments of a network, and their main function is switching packets of data. Also called as a network bridge, they switch processes and rout data at the level of the data link layer, which is second of the OSI model layers (concerned with physical addressing of data). A switch may also operate at the level of other OSI layers like the physical, network or transport layer. Multilayer switches act at different OSI layers simultaneously. Network switches play a vital role in the functioning of local area networks.
Routers
As its name suggests, a router is an intermediary device that regulates and routs data traffic between computer networks. It forwards data to various network destinations and controls flow of data between two or more logical subnets, which do not have the same network address in a large network. It selects the optimum path for data transfer between two points in a network. Routers are one of the most vital intermediary devices that make data transmission possible.
Modem
A modem (modulator - demodulator) is an intermediary device that converts analog signals transferred over networks into digital signals and digital signals back to analog. They enable the transmission of digital data over analog mediums like telephone lines and optic fiber cables.
Wireless Access Points
A wireless access point (WAP) is an intermediary device in a network that connects various types of wireless communication devices to connect with wireless networks. The connectivity is made possible through 'Bluetooth' and 'Wifi technologies'. It acts as an intermediary between wireless devices and wired devices that are part of a network.
Hub
Working at the physical layer of the OSI model, a hub is basically a connector between ethernet segments which also control the bandwidth sharing among connected computer terminals.
Repeater
Repeaters are network devices that carry out the task of maintaining signal strength over its transmission through a network. They regenerate data signals and amplify them for further transmission.
Firewall
A firewall is one of the most important intermediary devices in any network. A firewall is any hardware appliance or software designed to filter network traffic that passes through it according to certain criteria and trust levels set by the network administrator.
These were some of the most common intermediary devices that are part of every computer network at any scale. Some other examples of intermediary network devices are proxy servers, gateways and digital media receivers. Without them, the working of a computer network would be next to impossible!
What is the major advantage of shielded twisted-pair over unshielded twisted pair cable?
UTP-Unshielded Twisted Pair. Normally UTP contains 8 wires or 4 pair. 100 meter maximum length. 4-100 Mbps speed.
STP-Shielded twisted pair. 100 meter maximum length. 16-155 Mbps speed. Lower electrical interference than UTP
How does common gateway interface work?
In computing, Common Gateway Interface (CGI) offers a standard protocol for web servers to interface with executable programs running on a server that generate web pages dynamically.
Why does a switch need a default gateway address configured?
There isn't one. The switch only knows about MAC addresses, and the default gateway isn't one of those addresses.
How the hub related to repeater?
HUBS: it is asimplest connectivity device that is used to extend a network.
all the networks require a central junction called as hub.
there are 3 types of hub; passive, active and intelligent
REPEATER:it is normally used for the expansion of the n/w length.
it generates a physical signal
it receives a weak signal..amplifies it..and then retransmits it.
....by priyanka kabra
What are the benefits of using a Layered Model?
layers do result in larger files, and especially adjustments to the image so you can easily revert to an earlier state. more importanly, layers allow you to alter the image without permanently changing the image
In IPv4 addressing an IP address whose first octet is in the range of 192-223 belongs to a class?
Class C
If you are talking about a coaxial wire. It has a much larger diameter for the main conductor. This creates less signal loss so long runs will have more decibels at the end of the run.
What is the purpose of TCP or UDP port numbers?
The purpose of TCP is a connection oriented protocol, meaning that protocol establishes a connection or session between the sources and destination device prior to sending the data segment. UDP is transport layer protocol that provides an interface between the application layer and the network layer.
A network card, network adapter, network interface card or NIC is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to communicate over a computer network. It is an OSI model layer 2 item because it has a MAC address. Every network card has a unique 48-bit serial number called a MAC address, which is written to ROM carried on the card. Every computer on a network must have a card with a unique MAC address. The IEEE is responsible for assigning MAC addresses to the vendors of network interface cards. No two cards ever manufactured should share the same address. Whereas network cards used to be expansion cards to plug into a computer bus, most newer computers have a network interface built into the motherboard A separate network card is not required unless multiple interfaces are needed or some other type of network is used. The card implements the electronic circuitry required to communicate using a specific physical layer and data link layer standard such as ethernet or token ring. This provides a base for a full network protocol stack, allowing communication among small groups of computers on the same LAN and large-scale network communications through routable protocols, such as IP. There are four techniques used for transfer of data, the NIC may use one or more of these techniques. * Polling is where the microprocessor examines the status of the peripheral under program control. * Programmed I/O is where the microprocessor alerts the designated peripheral by applying its address to the system's address bus. * Interrupt-driven I/O is where the peripheral alerts the microprocessor that its ready to transfer data. * DMA is where the intelligent peripheral assumes control of the system bus to access memory directly. This removes load from the CPU but requires a separate processor on the card. A network card typically has a twisted pair, BNC, or AUI socket where the network cable is connected, and a few LEDs to inform the user of whether the network is active, and whether or not there is data being transmitted on it. The Network Cards are typically available in 10/100/1000 Mbit/s. This means they can support a transfer rate of 10 or 100 or 1000 Mbit/s.
