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Computer Networking
Computer networks are collections of computers which are connected together in order to communicate and transfer information. Questions about computer networks, networking protocols, and how to set them up belong here.
18,810 Questions
What does ping mean in computer terminology?
The TCP/IP service that lets you check to verify that you can reach another network node from your local host. Ping is usually a quick test to ensure that your connection is valid. The command will return the time in milliseconds that a packet takes to make the round trip from your local host to the remote host.
Which part of an ip packet does the router use to make routing decisions?
the network portion of the destination ip address
What are the devices used in session layer in osi?
What_are_the_devices_used_in_osi_transport_layer Network Devices Used in Transport Layer: The Brouter (Bridge router), Gateway and Cable tester work on the transport layer. for more about devices used in 7 layers of OSI model go: http://www.networktutorials.info/osi_layers.html
Difference between artificial neural network and conventional computer?
Parallel processing
One of the major advantages of the neural network is its ability to do many things at once. With traditional computers, processing is sequential--one task, then the next, then the next, and so on. The idea of threading makes it appear to the human user that many things are happening at one time. For instance, the Netscape throbber is shooting meteors at the same time that the page is loading. However, this is only an appearance; processes are not actually happening simultaneously.
The artificial neural network is an inherently multiprocessor-friendly architecture. Without much modification, it goes beyond one or even two processors of the von Neumann architecture. The artificial neural network is designed from the onset to be parallel. Humans can listen to music at the same time they do their homework--at least, that's what we try to convince our parents in high school. With a massively parallel architecture, the neural network can accomplish a lot in less time. The tradeoff is that processors have to be specifically designed for the neural network.
The ways in which they function
Another fundamental difference between traditional computers and artificial neural networks is the way in which they function. While computers function logically with a set of rules and calculations, artificial neural networks can function via images, pictures, and concepts.
Based upon the way they function, traditional computers have to learn by rules, while artificial neural networks learn by example, by doing something and then learning from it. Because of these fundamental differences, the applications to which we can tailor them are extremely different. We will explore some of the applications later in the presentation.
Self-programming
The "connections" or concepts learned by each type of architecture is different as well. The von Neumann computers are programmable by higher level languages like C or Java and then translating that down to the machine's assembly language. Because of their style of learning, artificial neural networks can, in essence, "program themselves." While the conventional computers must learn only by doing different sequences or steps in an algorithm, neural networks are continuously adaptable by truly altering their own programming. It could be said that conventional computers are limited by their parts, while neural networks can work to become more than the sum of their parts.
Speed
The speed of each computer is dependant upon different aspects of the processor. Von Neumann machines requires either big processors or the tedious, error-prone idea of parallel processors, while neural networks requires the use of multiple chips customly built for the application.
What are computers for individual users?
There are many uses ....You can use it for calculations,buisness work,saving documents,using internet ,listening music,playing games.....u can use it for many things and as the tencolgy is improving day by day new applications are appraching in our computers...
What are two problems you could get from downloading things from the internet?
Your IP address is recorded by the site you connect to even though you might have internet security. Your Internet Service Provider (ISP) can send all your download history to authorities if they are asked to. Plus everything you download leaves a ghost image on your hard drive and can be recovered anytime.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol outgoing mail servers support for Yahoo com,com cast, MSN,SBC, Version and Third party Internet Service Providers. When a company is purchased by another company, the POP3 and SMTP server names often change. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol one of th limitations original is that has no facility for authentications of senders. Spam it is enables by several factors. For more information you can visit website:http://www.iyogibusiness.com
How can you configure a PPP connection?
Follow some link:-
http://osr507doc.sco.com/en/NetAdminG/pppN.config.html
http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/iseries/v5r4/index.jsp?topic=/rzatj/cfgisp.htm
A rational number is any number that can be made by dividing oneinteger by another.0.5 is a rational number as it can be made by dividing the number 1by the number 22 is a rational number because it can be made by dividing 2 by 1-6.6 is a rational number because it can be made by dividing -66 by10---------------------------------------------------------Note there are number that are called irrational numbers.Irrational numbers are all "real" numbers (numbers with a decimalpoint) that cannot be written as a simple fraction - the decimalgoes on forever without repeating.For instance the number Pi is an irrational number.A rational number is a real number that can be expressed as a ratio of two integers. Another way to think about it is this: if you can write a number as a fraction then it's a rational number.
The computer requesting information is called a CLIENT.
The computer responding to the request is called a SERVER.
Data transfer from a client to as server is reffered to as an upload.
EX. When you want to enter the game. Ur the client waiting for the server to get you in
Data transfer from a server to a client is reffered to as a download.
EX. When you download stuff from Limewire or Utorrent. Your the server waiting for the client to give you the song or movie.
Students and professors will be able to Telnet to the server but unable to FTP files to and from the server.
it consists of a number of twisted pairs of two conductors (copper) each with simple colored plastic insulation. UTP is the most common type telecommunication medium in use today. it is mostly used in telephone system. UTP cable is available in seven different categories from category one to category five. each category cable has its own conductor's size electrical characteristic and twist er foot.
category 1 & 2=> Basically use for voice communication and t- lines, datd rates up to 100Kbps &2Mbpps.
category 3 => Basically used for computer networks, data rates up to 16MHz &10Mbps.
category 4 => data rates up to 200MHz &200Mbps.
category 5 => Support fast Ethernet, data rates up to 100Mbps.
category 6 & 7 =Used in a big organizations for complex network data rates up to 200Mbps and Cat 7 data rates up to 600MHz.
What device control traffic in networks?
A server
The device that manages trafic between two networks is a router.
Comparison Grid computing cloud computing and cluster Computing?
well the main difference is that in a parallel system there is multiple computing units (cpu) working in one node(they share memory ,attached devices , storage...) to accomplish a computing goal
in a clustered there is multiple nodes each has its own resources running its own copy of os (usually connected via lan) to accomplish a computing goal
Someone who tries to access a computer or network illegally?
That sounds like a hacker--someone who breaks into a computer system without permission.
Advantage and disadvantages of pervasive computing?
Advantages:--
1- Selling a product or service in quicker time2- reducing transaction cost from one a/c to another3- streamline business processes.
4- competitive pricing.
5- reducing time to order for any products. Everything can be done through mobile internet
Disadvantages:--
- quality of connectivity
- security concerns
- lots of power consumption
- Working bandwidth using here is very less
Which network cable should you use to connect PC to printer?
Whether your printer uses a serial port, or parallel port, or USB port, or wifi, decides what type of cable you need. Name and model of printer? Have you looked on the maker's website or user guide for instructions?
How many layers does osi have?
The OSI Model have 7 Layers
L7 Application = Just remember that protocols that require the end user to enter a request are L7 protocols.
L6 Presentation = Just remember that there are four primary tasks that L6 is concerned with: Compatibility with the OS, Proper encapsulation of data for network transmission, Data formatting(ascii or binary), & Data encrypton, Compression, and Translation.
L5 Session = L5 is the "Manager" of the twoway communication b/w two remote host.
L4 Transport = Just remember that Segment take place at this layer.
L3 Network = Just remember that data are place into Packet at this layer.
L2 Data Link = Just remember that Packet are put into Frame at this layer.
L1 Physical = DATA, SEGEMENT, PACKET, and FRAME are put into Ones and Zeros!
What will happen if a router received a ICMP packet with TTL 0?
1.The router will discard the packet.
2.The router will send a time exceeded message to the source host.
TELNET
Application layer services like Network Virtual Terminal are used to realise this.
TELNET is the protocol used.
Refer - Data Communication and Networking by Forouzan
