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Computer Networking
Computer networks are collections of computers which are connected together in order to communicate and transfer information. Questions about computer networks, networking protocols, and how to set them up belong here.
18,810 Questions
What is SONET synchronous optical networking?
SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) is a physical layer network technology designed to carry large volumes of traffic over relatively long distances on fiber optic cabling.
What does 10100000 mean in the ToS byte?
First 6 bits are DSCP bits and the last 2 are ECN bits (ECN = Explicit Congestion Notification)
The above answer is right when we look at these bits from Diffserv perspective.....
Let me clear what it means interms of Intserv perspective and what are the network models...
Basically there are two types of network models...1)Intserv - Integrated services
2)Diffserv-Differentiated Services
When the Pkt is in intserv region/domain these 8 bits refers to TOS byte : Type of Service Filed. Here the first 3 field are precedence bits and the next 4 bits are TOS bits and the Last bit is MBZ(Must Be Zero)
In the Question above 10100000 : the First 3 PRECEDENCE bits (101) refers to critic/ecp as shown the below table
111 - Network Control
110 - Internetwork Control
101 - CRITIC/ECP
100 - Flash Override
011 - Flash
010 - Immediate
001 - Priority
000 - Routine
The Next 4 bits describes following states :
Bit 3: 0 = Normal Delay, 1 = Low Delay.
Bits 4: 0 = Normal Throughput, 1 = High Throughput.
Bits 5: 0 = Normal Reliability, 1 = High Reliability
Following is the semantics for the bits 3-6 of the IPv4 TOS octet:
1000 -- minimize delay
0100 -- maximize throughput
0010 -- maximize reliability
0001 -- minimize monetary cost
0000 -- normal service
So in the above quest bits 3-6 refers to 0000 which means normal service ..and the last bits as mentioned above is always MBZ.
W.r.t Diffserv Domain the interpretation of these fields is already explained in the First answer i.e,. DSCP bits and ECN bits ...
What is the disadvantage of network?
Individual abuse over shared resources.
Single point of failure on server side.
High maintenance.
These are the disadvantages of a network:
- If Sever develops a fault then users may not be able to run the application programs. - A fault in the network can cause user to lose the data. - If the network stops operating then it may not be possible to access to various computers. - It is difficult to make the system secure from hackers, novices or industrial espionage. - Decisions on resource planning tend to become centralized. - Networks that have grown with little thought can be inefficient in the long term. - As traffic increases on a network the performance degrades unless it is designed properly. - The larger the network becomes difficult to manage.
Although there are severel advantages in Networking there are some disadvantages also confronted. Mainly the user become dependent upon them - if any problem arise in net work many users can not do their works. A back up server needs to overcome this problem. an error in network will stop the usage of peripherals. Segmentation of net work reduces the whole brakedown of an office or work.
The efficiency of the Network depends on the skill of the system Manager. Badly managed network is worser than the non net worked computers.
List of main disadvantages:-
- If Sever develops a fault then users may not be able to run the application programs.
- A fault in the network can cause user to lose the data.
-If the network stops operating then it may not be possible to access to various computers.
- It is difficult to make the system secure from hackers, novices or industrial espionage.
- Decisions on resource planning tend to become centralized.
- Networks that have grown with little thought can be inefficient in the long term.
-As traffic increases on a network the performance degrades unless it is designed properly.
- The larger the network becomes difficult to manage.
Is the Nyquist theorem true for optical fiber or only for copper wire?
The Nyquist theorem is a property of mathematics and has nothing to do with technology. It says that if you have a function whose Fourier spectrum does not contain any sines or cosines above f, then by sampling the function at a frequency of 2fyou capture all the information there is. Thus, the Nyquist theorem is true for all media.
How can you connect your stanalone PC to another PC that is connected to the internet?
There are a variety of ways for connecting a standalone PC to another PC that is connected to the internet depending on the capabilities of the two computers. Examples are Ethernet and Wi-Fi.
transport
Good answer buddy! but still needs more explanation;
Correct answer is (Transport)
In more depth information: Transport layer 4 regulates the flow of information from source to Destination, keeping the information reliably and accurately.
In other words information is sent from Send to receiver , and the information each packets message sent is reliably and accurate. format
How do you configure a client machine to use a specific User Class?
The command to configure a client machine to use a specific user class is
ipconfig /setclassid "<Name of your Network card>" <Name of the class you created on DHCP and you want to join (Name is case sensitive)>
Eg:
ipconfig /setclassid " Local Area Network" Accounting
What is zero voltage switching?
Zero Voltage switching is a standard used to describe electrical appliances which turn on or off only when the output voltage is Zero.
A system is currently having Public ip address How can you assign it to private ip address?
You have to install a router with a DHCP server option on. In that way the public address will be assign to the router and your PC will get a private ip address from the DHCP server.
Amps is short for amperes, a measure of current in electricity. It is equivalent to one coulomb (a unit of charge) per second and is named after André-Marie Ampère.
AnswerAn 'amp' is a widely-used, but incorrect, symbol for the 'ampere', the SI unit of measurement for electric current. The correct symbol is an upper-case 'A'.
The ampere is one of seven SI Base Units, and is defined in terms of the force between two, parallel, current-carrying conductors due to the magnetic fields set up around those conductors.
It directly depends upon following things and u can think of more. 1. Organization requirements towards security ( intend of your policies and procedures) 2.Oraganizatioin maturity level 3.Application dependencies 4.Availability of service
Really this depends on the szie of your domain. What might be overkill for one domain, might be very sparse for another.
Another big factor is the geographic area of the network. If you had a big office here and a smaller office down the road in a different building, you'd probably be aswell to put a DC in the small office even if you did only have 4 or 5 computers in it, you could even make the DC a global catalogue. But no matter how many DC's you have. A WAN is never truly going to be fault tolerant. For example the sql slammer worm a few years back took down hundreds of WAN's.
Describe the components of a work station and its functions?
A work station is a computer system used for working. One component of it is the keyboard. The function of this is to input text.
In a connectionless system which of the following is correct?
The destination is not contacted before a packet is sent.
What are the Advantages and disadvantages of wireless networking?
Some of the advantages of wireless networks are ideal for provisional network setups, much cheaper than wired network and flexible if thereÕs an ad-hoc site. On the other hand, some of its disadvantages are: it has lower speed compared to wired networks, less secure and can easily affect by the surroundings.
An obfuscated URL is a type of URL in a browser. This URL is made to look similar to a legitimate URL but part of it is concealed.
A static switch is a switch that uses the electrostatic current that flows through the human body to power on or off the device.
Are there over 1000 Web-safe colors?
There are over 1,000 web-safe colors. Many more are being added frequently. The best way to manage them is with a program such as FrameMaker.
FTP
