Database Design

Ducks and geese

1) The data is Archival in nature

There is no real point in creating a database to calculate your tax returns, however there may be a point in storing all of those tax returns to look at further down the line or extract trends from.

2) The data is related to itself

Think of it as an Account and Transaction, if you were filling out an Excel spreadsheet with Customers and Transactions, you would end up filling out that customers name repeatedly, allowing for repeated mistakes on their details.

I would be better if that customer had a number attached to his details, and that number was attached to the transactions, that way you would only have to change the information in one location as the number would still link those two sets of data.

3) Limiting User Error

A relational system as mentioned in (2) would limit user error, since only one piece of information needs to be changed; limiting Update, Addition and Deletion errors alongside removing redundancy (All those repeated names take up space).

4) Storage is becoming a problem

A paper based system can take up a vast quantity of space, and what may end up as three floors of an office full of filing cabinets could quite happily reside on a database somewhere.

5) Relevant information need to be extracted quickly from the data

Whatever information you store, generally speaking a manager somewhere will one day turn around as say 'Well how many of X did we get on average a week from customer Y in year Z?'.

If at this point your staring at a paper based system or an excel spreadsheet you just earned yourself a large project to find out these statistics, in a relational format that query is exactly what it is; a question to the database that can be developed quickly and used repeatedly, you even have the X, Y and Z part of that question prompt for user input and let them select what they want.

6) You require multiple users to work on the data

It's hard for 7 departments of a company to share a piece of paper; they could photocopy it, but what if they all want to change it at the same time?

Databases have a method of locking records and releasing them when a user is done with them, some databases forgo this and place timestamps on every record for when they were last updated.

This means that every department would be able to work on Customer X's file without risking multiple overwrites.

7) Speed is important

You're sat looking at a room full of customer data and someone asks you to find a customer and seven items relating to them, which is faster; looking though them all or entering that customers surname and bringing up a complete record of that person.

File-based Data Management Approach is a system of storing information by having a separate program to handle a specific type of file only or directory. This kind of system is being used by large companies with several departments to better manage their information separately. The Oregon Trail totaled 2,000 miles and took six to seven months to travel its complete length. Oregon Trail can be explored by land or even by the sea.

In a database management system (DBMS), an attribute may describe a component of the database, such as a table or a field, or may be used itself as another term for a field. Commonly we can say that an attribute is a "propety" of a database field or its a characteristic or facet of the data field..

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Distributed databases in a DBMS are databases that are stored on multiple computers across a network. They allow for data to be spread out and accessed simultaneously from different locations, which can improve performance and scalability. Distributed databases can enhance fault tolerance and reduce the risk of data loss.

The scroll bar at the right side of the window allows you to move the visible part of the data up and down as desired.

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The database can be of two types either distributed or centralized . In distributed database the data is in different systems. In centralized database the data is in a single central system.

We can categorize database as either distributed or centralized . In centralized database the data is in a single centralized system. While In distributed database the data is in different systems .

One difference between an SC and an LC connector is that an LC connecter is smaller in size than an SC connector. Also, an LC connector is considered a latch connector, whereas an SC connector is considered to be a push-pull connector.

Optionality relationship refers to a situation where one party has the right, but not the obligation, to take a particular action in the future. This can often be seen in financial options, where one party can choose to exercise their option to buy or sell an asset at a set price. It provides flexibility and the opportunity for potentially advantageous outcomes.

Different names can be used, but it is alphanumeric. Some allowed field with a datatype called text or character to allow numbers and text to be entered into them.

The technical risks decline the larger and more complex your database. The administrative and financial risks increase the larger and more complex your database. There will be other risks specific to a given database product, e.g., risks associated with Microsoft Access products differ from risks associated with Oracle products which differ from IBM DB2 products which differ from Software AG database products. One important risk to consider is public or industry perspective. If a database product is viewed as a mainstream standard with large market share, then even though that product may be technically inferior and more expensive to own, it will nevertheless be seen as the low risk option.

The page header repeats on every page. The report header is just on the first page.

There are significant differences in physical implementation of how data is stored and used. A database allows for data to be recorded in related structures with optimization aligned to the goals of the model for efficient use. The classes or record types in a database could be considered like lists in a file, though within the framework of the database management system (dbms) that relates, stores, indexes, retrieves, and updates the data in place. Ordinarily, file-based storage is for simpler, less structured lists that do not need to be related to data in other files as dynamically as a database. In practice, their use is significantly different, but conceptually there are many overlaps. One could denormalize the data in a database into a set of files suitable for some data processing needs, and databases are implemented in system files that are managed by the dbms, through which the developer and user operate.

To prevent users from entering duplicate values, he must define a field with a unique constraint. This can be implemented in databases by setting the field as a primary key or by adding a unique index. Additionally, validation rules can be applied at the application level to check for existing entries before allowing a new submission. This ensures data integrity and prevents redundancy.

The maximum bandwidth is 11 Mbps. If the transmission quality is bad, the bandwidth will automatically be reduced to 5.5, 2, or 1 Mbps. The range depends on the equipment used, as well as anything that may block part of the signal, such as trees or walls. According to one Wikipedia article, typical ranges are 35 meters indoors, and 140 meters outdoors.

That is called the format of the data.

Assuming you mean "phase", it is usually expressed in angular units - degrees, or radians.

Columns are always vertical and rows are always horizontal. Together they form a table, and are known as tables in databases. They store data, with fields in columns and records in rows.

The traditional approach to data management typically involves manual record-keeping in physical files or documents. In contrast, the database approach uses digital databases to store, organize, and retrieve data efficiently. Databases allow for structured data storage, easy data manipulation, and improved data security compared to traditional methods.

A stake holder are a person, group, organization, or system who affects or can be affected by an organization's actions. A stake holder are a person, group, organization, or system who affects or can be affected by an organization's actions.

A database is a collection of structured data that allows for efficient storage, retrieval, and organization of data. It typically uses tables to organize information and provides mechanisms for querying and manipulating the data.

Most database field types have an inherent data length limit, however the business rules of the application may require a lower maximum limit on the field. For example, an integer field may hold positive and negative values in the hundreds of thousands or more, but if the field is designed to hold the price of something, it makes no logical sense to permit values that high if it is for items in a supermarket.