Endocrine System

I'll use the pituitary gland as an example. Anatomically, the pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain attached to it by a puny little stalk called the infundibulum. In a gross specimen of the brain, it looks as though the pituitary gland is brain tissue, but brain tissue that's organized and separated from the rest of the brain. It turns out that the pituitary gland is really two separate glands smashed together: the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary. Embryologically, the anterior pituitary comes from the early roof of the mouth, called Rathke's pouch. The posterior pituitary is a direct extension of the hypothalamus. It's this latter relationship that makes the pituitary gland a real, bona fide part of the nervous system.

Another example is the medulla of the adrenal gland, which is an endocrine organ that secretes the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline. The adrenal medulla comes from the same embryonic tissue that much of the sympathetic nervous system comes from (called the neural crest cells). So the adrenal medulla is really just a modified part of the sympathetic nervous system. Specifically, the medulla is made of specialized postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system.

The American Thyroid Association says thyroglobulin (Tg) is a protein produced by normal thyroid cells and also thyroid cancer cells. This test is most often used for patients who have had surgery for thyroid cancer because it helps monitor them after treatment.

ovaries and the parathyroid

The digestive system takes in the food and the excretory system removes the waste left over from the excess food.
The digestive system takes in the food and the excretory system removes the waste left over from the excess food.

The hypothalmus is connected to the pituitary by the hypophyseal portal system. This is a network of capillary beds that allows the hypothalmus to control the release of hormones from the anterior and posterior pituitary
The two pituitary lobes are the dual origin of the hypothalmus. The posterior pituitary lobe is part of the brain and is a "downgrowth" of hypothalmic tissue and maintains a neural connection with the hypothalmus through a nerve bundle called the hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract. This arises from neurons of the hypothalmus. These cells synthesize two neurohormones and transport them along their axons to the posterior pituitary. Then these neurons "fire" they release the stored hormones into a capillary bed in the posterioir pituitary for distribution throughout the body.
The hypothalamus is connected to the pituitary gland by both blood vessels and neural tissue. The posterior pituitary is actually part of the brain and receives input from the hypothalamus via neural connections. The anterior pituitary gland is controlled by the hypothalamus when the latter releases tropic hormones (hormones that control release of other hormones) into the blood portal. The hormones diffuse through the blood and act on the anterior pituitary gland, initiated the release of subsequent hormones.
The hypothalamus controls both the anterior and posterior pituitary functioning with neurosecretions that either release or inhibit hormones. These secretions are produced in the ventral hypothalamus

As thyroxine levels increase the amount of TSH produced will decrease. On the other hand, when TSH levels increase the thyroxine levels will decrease. This is what causes the TSH/thyroxine levels to fluctuate.

Anorexia nervosa and disorders of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland can result in abnormally low FSH levels. Abnormal levels can also indicate: infertility hypopituitarism klinefelter syndrome (in men) turner syndrome ovarian failure

Yes, a hypOthyroid condition can change into a hypERthyroid condition, especially if there are antibodies involved. Graves' antibodies can both stimulate and block the thyroid. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is known to cause periods of thyroid hormone dumping and even thyrotoxicosis.

Hypothyroidism is usually treated by taking daily thyroid medication. The most common thyroid medication is called levothyroxine. This thyroid medication comes in 12 different strengths and it is prescribed by a physician.

The adrenal glands

There are 7 different types of cartlidge.

Lack of Iodine can lead to hypothyroidism.
This can be a problem in developing countries.
In most developed countries however, iodine is added as supplement to i.e. table-salt.

Endocrine glands release chemicals directly into the bloodstream. These hormones are then carried by the circulatory system to their target tissues.

The thyroid hormone known as T4 (aka: tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine) is produced in the greatest quantity. It is the pre-cursor to T3 and as such needs to be produced in greater quantities so it can be converted to its more potent form (T3) by enzymes called deiodinases.

yes, the pituitary gland is at the base of the brain.

yes

They work together because the nervous system sends a message to your brain that you are starting to panic or do something that makes you go into a panic, then the endocrine system gets the adrenaline in your body pumping/moving.

I have had a terrible experience. A wrong site surgery error occured and the wrong gland was removed. In addition, it has been 5 1/2 weeks and I am still draining and have a lot of pain. The pain just isn't at the surgical site but in the entire preineal area. I have a new doctor and he believes that b/c the type of suture that was used takes 6 weeks to disolve that my body is reacting to the suture like it is a foreign object ie swelling and pain. The original doctor told me I could be back to work in 4-7 days and resume intercourse in 2 weeks. All this for the wrong gland.

They are located at the level of the twelfth rib and are attached to the kidney by a dense capsule.

The function of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is to store and secrete hormones that are produced by the brain. These hormones are oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone.

GnRH

Absolutely! Mine was at that level in January,, I've been put on Synthroid, and feel better now than I EVER have. Get in, get meds. It's well worth it!

target cells

It is usually compared to a heating system that turns a furnace on and off to control a room's temperature

i think minimum size is 18mm