First Aid

On ice

1 rescuer CPR for infant is 30 compressions to 1 breath.

The first aid box or kit is important as it contained vital emergency equipment to use in an emergency.

A box ensures it is kept in one place. The kit should be placed in a well known place. All family members or work colleagues should known its location. This ensures prompt response can be obtained if needed.

Bandages are the material used to secure dressings in place over a wound. As far as what to use, it depends on the wound. Typically, an open wound can be successfully dressed with gauze. In the field, we use either 4 x 4's or bulky gauze dressings for most wounds. In the case of an open chest or airway (neck) wound, we use what's known as an Occlusive Dressing, which is basically a thin cotton dressing covered with petroleum jelly. With most dressings, you use tape to secure the gauze in place by wrapping the dressing. With occlusive dressings, you secure three corners of the dressing with tape completely, but leave one corner either open, or loosely secured so that you can "burp" the dressing every 2 to 5 minutes to relieve pressure.

You get heat stroke because your body overheats and can't take it. Either because it is weak or old.

Dehydration or lack of body salts .

***Heat stroke is simply a body temperature above 40 degC. It typically happens when the body is in a warm environment and loses the ability to keep the core temp below 40. That can be because of the reasons above. It can also occur as a physiological side effect of many common compounds: booze, caffeine, amphetamines - anything that hampers the body's temperature regulation.

It happens anytime the body's heat production exceeds its ability to cool itself.****

Clean the area with alcohol and apply a cold compress. Hydrocortisone cream and/or Benadryl may be helpful.

If your tongue starts to swell up, your chest gets tight, or you feel any discomfort that might be an allergic reaction, call 911 or your doctor IMMEDIATLY!!!!!!

Your brain. Your hands. And useful items that are available.

Pinch the nose carefully between your Thumb and Forefinger, below the cartilage to stop help quinch the bleeding.

DO NOT TILT THEIR HEAD BACK

It will potentially cause aspiration of blood and may cause vomiting. The best thing to do is lean forward and pinch the nose

An unobstructed airway.

Usually this symptom is the result of an ear or sinus infection. Swallowing hard may open the eustachian tubes, which equalize pressure within the ear. but if you're clogged up, it may not help. YOur doctor can prescribe an otic solution that may help as well, as may decongestants and a humidifier in the room. If it becomes extremely painful, the ER can address this problem very effectively.

I would not use any steroid-based med on a boil. Boils are typically encapsulated pockets of bacteria -- your body's defense is to keep them bottled up until it can kill them. With an infection like that, using a med that reduces your immune reaction (which is the whole point of steroids) would be unwise. Don't try to "pop" it either -- don't want to express the pus intoyour system if it breaks the encapsulation in the wrong direction. If it's bad enough to cause you pain, consider getting it lanced, ideally by a professional. Really nasty boils may require the contents be cultured, and systemic antibiotics may be called for.

Capsaicin, the active ingredient in pepper spray is intended not to be lethal, but it does make treatment difficult. It binds to neuroreceptors and increases irriation which results in swelling, rather like an asthma attack when inhaled. In this instance it can be very dangerous indeed. It definitely causes bronchoconstriction as well.

The onset is swift (20 seconds) but the duration seems to be only 60 seconds (although I would like to see this verified). While this may be nonproblematical in most subjects, reaction to capsaicin may persist with others. I'd be inclined to worry about an anaphylactic or irritant-spasmodic reaction post exposure more than the actual compound itself.

For swelling, consider treatment with corticosteroids (IV and followup PO), and possibly epinehprine as well. This is a potentially a life threatening injury and should be a red item on the trauma scale, second to massive but controllable bleeding and restorable lethal arrythmia or asystole, in that it has a high chance of suscessful intervention if treated promptly.

pee in the toilet....then before you flush, dunk your cut in, trust me, it helps!!

also after that, put shampoo and detergent on it, and dry it with a hairdryer.

• Stop CPR
• Open their airway and look, listen, and feel for adequate breathing for no more than ten seconds
• If adequate breathing is present, attempt to wake them via firm tapping and shouting their name
• If they remain unconscious, place them into the recovery position and await EMS

Hold the injector in place for 10 seconds.

All the Serum (water) will flow out. You need to disinfect it, cover it and protect it. I would advise you NOT to pop a blister.

The individual exposed to high concentrations of ammonia would experience a burning sensation in:

The throat

The respiratory tract

& the nose.

It could lead to airway destruction, resulting to respiratory distress or failure. It can also cause bronchial or alveolar edema.

When an individual is exposed to lower concentrations of ammonia:

It causes irritation in the nose and throat.

It also causes coughing.

Even at low concentrations if the exposure to ammonia has been for a long period of time it can cause, olfactory fatigue or even adaptation so that one does not realize the presence of ammonia at low concentrations.

The exposure to ammonia and its effects can vary from age to age or height as a younger person could be shorter and so could be exposed to ammonia at a more higher intensity than someone older n taller etc.

to be honest the symptoms will depend on which rib is fractured and what forces/mechanism of injury was involved. they body has 12 sets of ribs. the first 7 are called true ribs and are attached at both ends of the bone. the last 5 are called false ribs, and are not attached at the medial ends. they are referred to as "free floating." these ribs can fracture and pierce organs in the thoracic/abdo cavity, most commonly causing an injury to a lung.

symptoms of a fractured rib could include pain to the area where the injury occurs, possible difficulty in breathing or pain upon inspiration, coughing up blood, pain upon palpation or movement.

48 inches

As with any first aid emergency, the number one priority is that you and your team members are safe from any hazards. Hazards may include oncoming traffic, dangerous chemicals and in this case, possible exposure to disease through body substances.

Once the safety of all members has been ensured, make sure you call for backup. Ring the Emergency Number (US 911, AUS 000, NZ 111) to ask for an ambulance. Controlling serious bleeding requires expert medical and surgical intervention.

There are three main ways to control bleeding:

1) Direct pressure - this means applying a pad or similar material directly onto the wound and pushing down.

2) Indirect pressure - this method controls bleeding by minimising circulation to a particular limb by pressing onto the limb's main artery. For example, for arterial bleeding in the leg, pressure is applied onto the femoral artery to reduce the bleeding. Indirect pressure is always used in conjunction with direct pressure unless complications are such that direct pressure is not possible.

3) Tourniquet - if both the above methods fail, and the bleeding is still not controlled, a tourniquet may be applied. In New Zealand, only qualified Paramedics are trained to apply a tourniquet. First aiders should always abide by their qualification and scope of practice, and should NOT attempt to apply a tourniquet unless directly instructed to by the most senior consultant available in the Emergency Department of the hospital where the patient is being transported to. If your company or institution has any other procedures for carrying out an intervention outside your scope of practice, abide by the policies.

With severe bleeding, the risk of hypovolemic shock is always high. Ensure you follow the W.A.R.R.R. acronym for treating the patient for shock. Baselines/vital signs must be recorded on a frequent basis and relayed back to the medical or backup team.

As an EMT I find store bought First Aid kits to be inadequate. I don't carry a jump kit or anything with me but I prefer to make my own first aid kits.

If you are going to provide aid to someone, then you need to have the stuff to help you. The first and most important thing to do though is to call 911 and get us coming to you.

The first thing you want to include in a first aid kit is items to protect you. Include several pairs of Nitrle or Latex gloves and at least 1 CPR shield. Bloodborne diseases are a very real danger and need to be taken seriously. It is not macho to have blood on you. Also make sure to include some form of sanitizing agent to clean up with. I prefer Vionex wipes myself because I trust them. However Purell or similar would work as well. I prefer wipes over gel because the scrubbing action of the wipe is more effective at cleaning.

The most common thing a general person will assist with is bleeding control. You need to make sure that you have items in your kit that can control bleeding. Ditch the bandaids, they are worthless. I have 3M steri-strips for minor wounds. Buy some 4x4 sponges (if not sterile, keep them in a zip lock bag to keep them dry and clean). At least 2 rolls of rolled guaze 4" wide. Rolled guaze will allow you maintain pressure over a wound. You will need a couple of trauma dressings and a roll of First aid tape (at least 1" wide).

Everything listed above can be used by anyone. I would recommend taking a first aid class so you can learn how to use the items as well as learn the legal requirements of providing first aid. You don't need any fancy kits or anything. Walmart is a good source to buy stuff.

yes, if the wound is large, hold pressure until you can get assistance!