Galaxies

Sorry - that's so tangled it's hard to establishthe question's meaning. There is a nebula, or star cluster, within (i.e. framed by) Orion; and Orion is part of our own galaxy. I don't know if the nebula is in our galaxy or not.

Galaxies are thought now to have huge black holes in their centres, holding the structure together by their gravitational attraction.

In Greek mythology it was considered to represent the queen Cassiopeia, who boasted about her unrivaled beauty.

It's twists in circles like the shaft of a screw has that spiral

There are much less "really large" meteors than small ones. However, Earth has been hit in the past by such meteors, and it is likely that it will be hit again at some moment. For example, about 65 million years ago, a meteor impact resulted in the elimination of dinosaurs (and in fact of many species).

(Sorry this isn't all scientific) The radiation given off stars illuminates the gas and dust in the galaxy revealing a pattern or shape

Hydrogen and helium are the most abundant elements in a star.

The positioning of the sun throughout the day.

No - without gravity, galaxies would not have formed, planets would not have formed, stars would not have formed.

The difference is semantic; the solar system is the collective identity of all bodies considered together as a whole, i.e., the Sun, planets, etc.; whereas the bodies would refer to each of those making up the solar system: the planet Neptune for example is "a" body in the solar system.

within or on the edges of the spiral arms.

In all probability - yes.

In actually observation, then no.

The chances are high, but our current technology doesn't allow us to determine individual stars let alone planets.

Red Dwarf Stars

The Milky Way, included every object in space

You can find a Nebula just about anywhere in space. They are big floating masses of dust and gas that form stars.

No one, as the Sun is not in the middle of the Galaxy

Well considering a galaxy can be light years across, a galaxy, no matter what type is far larger than Saturn.

Jupiter is bigger than Saturn, so too is the Sun.

The NGC 2770 galaxy is a spiral galaxy 90 million light-years from Earth in the Lynx constellation, and is 100,000 light-years in diameter (same size as the Milky Way), and contains about 100 billion stars (same number of stars as the Milky Way). It emitted its light 90 million years ago when the universe was nearly 14 billion years old.

There are 10 million trillion Earth-like planets with sentient life (100 million per galaxy) in a fictionalized version of our universe.

The Earth is located in a galaxy called the Milky Way. It is about 26,000 light-years from the center.

It would take 100000 years.

Gravity, the force of attraction between all masses in the universe, is the inward force that holds a star together.

Gravity on both a galactic and intergalactic scale.

The theory that explains how galaxy arms are maintained, involving the role of "resonances" (often referred to as "RR"), is the spiral density wave theory. This theory posits that spiral arms are not structures made of stars but rather areas of higher density that move through the galaxy. Stars and gas clouds are drawn into these regions, leading to the formation of the arms. Resonance interactions with the orbiting stars help sustain the spiral pattern over time, as stars respond to gravitational influences that create these density waves.

Our galaxy and the Milky Way are the same galaxy.