Hebrew to English

In Hebrew, the name Zachariah means- Jehovah has remembered.

Answer:

True, but I believe it is 'Zechariah' and in Hebrew it does mean, 'Yahweh Remembers.'

Zayin (ז) is the seventh letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The word "zayin" also means "weapon in Hebrew. This letter is also used to refer to the 7th grade in Israeli schools.

Zayin is also one of the seven Hebrew letters which receive a special crown (called a tagin) when written in a Sefer Torah, besides ʻayin, gimel, teth, nun, shin, and tzadi.

Zayin (also spelled zain or zayn or simply zay) is the seventh letter of the Semitic alphabets, including:

Phoenician Zayin ?

Hebrew 'Zayin ז

Aramaic Zain ?

Ugaritic Zeta ?

Syriac Zayn ܙ

Arabic Zayn ز

It represents the sound [z].

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek zeta (Ζ), Etruscan z Z, Latin Z, and Cyrillic Ze З.

There are 9 candles that are lit on Hanukkah. One is the helper candle ("shamash") used to light the other 8, which symbolize the 8 days of Hanukkah.

A story in the Talmud (400 years after the Maccabean War) tells of a legendary miracle. After the war, When the Jews returned to rededicate the Ancient Temple, they found that there was only enough oil to keep the eternal lamp burning for 1 day. It would take 8 days to make more of this special oil. So they lit the lamp, and it miraculously burned for 8 days, giving them plenty of time to make more oil to keep the lamp burning.

Although this is just a legend, in modern times, we light candles to symbolize the miracle of the oil lasting 8 days.

Answer:

The above answer is non-traditional. Our tradition is that the miracle of the oil did indeed occur and isn't just a legend. If it wasn't for the clear tradition of our Sages, Hanukkah would have been forgotten long ago.

Moreover, Hanukkah is mentioned much earlier than the above answer would have you believe. In Megillat Taanit (ch.9), which was written centuries before the rest of the Talmud; also in the book of Maccabees (I, 4:56-59; and II, 1:18); and Josephus (Antiquities ch.12).

The Seleucids (Syrian-Greeks) under Antiochus Epiphanes (2nd century BCE), at the instigation of the Hellenizers, had forbidden various Torah-practices such as Sabbath-observance and circumcision, rededicated the Temple to a Greek idol, and pressed the Jews to offer up sacrifices to the idol. One of the leading elder Jewish sages called upon the people to keep observing the Torah anyway; and if necessary, to use force in resisting the decrees. When a Hellenized Jew offered a sacrifice to the Greek idols in a nearby village, the sage killed him as well as the Greek overseer. This brought a violent reaction from the Greeks; and the loyal Jews, led by the Hasmonean family, were forced to retreat from their towns and strike out at the Greeks in an attempt to oust them from the Holy Land and to enable the people to once again observe the Torah. The Torah-Jews were heavily outnumbered by the attacking Greek armies, but God gave them miraculous victories again and again. After three years of struggle, the Greek armies retreated from Jerusalem, and the Hasmoneans (also called Maccabees) entered the Holy Temple which the Greeks had defiled, reconsecrated it to God, and began the Temple service once more. Among other things, they wanted to relight the olive oil candelabrum (Exodus ch. 25), but could only find one day's supply of undefiled oil - and it would take eight days to make and bring some more.

Miraculously, the menorah stayed lit for eight days (Talmud, Shabbat 21b), allowing enough time for new oil to be prepared and brought. The significance of the miracle is that it demonstrated that God's presence was still there. The Torah-community was overjoyed, because God's presence meant everything to them.

This is what Hanukkah represents: the closeness to God; and the avoidance of Hellenization (assimilation).

The Torah Sages instituted the festival of Hanukkah at that time (Talmud, Shabbat 21b), to publicize the miracle (Rashi commentary, ibid). This is why we light our Hanukkah-menorahs.

(The Hanukkah-menorah, or hanukkiyah, is a special form of the original seven-branched menorah. Our Hanukkah-menorahs have eight spaces for oil, or candles, to mark each of the eight days for which the oil lasted and a ninth to hold the shamash, a candle used to light the others.)

The Al-Hanisim prayer which we recite during Hanukkah centers around the Hasmoneans' victory and rededication of the Temple, while the candle-lighting commemorates the miracle of the oil.

Though the military victory is prominently mentioned in the prayers, it wouldn't have been celebrated if not for the miracle of the oil.

It should also be noted that the main goal for which the Maccabees fought was not political independence. They fought to enable the people to observe the Torah's commandments; as we say in the Al Hanisim prayer: "the Greeks sought to cause us to forget Your Torah and leave Your statutes."

Ofel is עופל in Hebrew.

As a place name or description it appears several times in the Hebrew Bible and once on the Mesha Stele from Moab. When used as a common noun, it is usually translated as "tumors", and in a verbal form it usually means "puffed up".