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Hieroglyphics

Hieroglyphics is a formal system of writing used by the ancient Egyptians. It is generally figurative, representing real or illusionary elements in a perfectly recognizable form, though the same symbol can be interpreted in diverse ways, based on context.

764 Questions

What does cartouche mean?

In Egyptian hieroglyphics, it is a group of symbols which represent a person's name. To a firearms collector, it is a military inspectors stamp on the stock of a gun.
I believe that is has something to do with Egyptian hieroglyphics. It was an oval shaped figure that was used to contain the names of royalty in ancient Egypt.
A structure or figure

What is the modern name of ancient Mesopotamia?

Sumeria, Tigris, the fertile crescent, cradle of civilization, Iraq.

What did the Egyptians use papyrus for?

The Egyptions used it for paper useage and for mumifaction

AnswerThe Egyptians used it for making paper and for mumifaction purposes AnswerThe main use of papyrus during the time of the ancient Egyptians was as paper to write and draw on.

The egyptians did this by pressing together wet strips of the stems to make paper.

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all of these answers are not wrong but the stems were some sort of reed that grows along the Nile River.

It was only not used for mummifacation but for also, paper, sandals, boats, and the poor would sometimes eat papyrus roots.

What is the meaning of the wings on an Ankh?

could imply some relationship with aviation, Air Force chaplain, perhaps?

has nothing to do with that. an ankh is a symbol for eternal life. The wings, depending on the wings, mean different things. I have the Egyptian wings with my ankh and they are the wings of horus. Ankh with wings in general means "Battered but still standing"

What is the reason for the empty cartouches in Edfu temple in Egypt?

They were empty because the pharaoh was not of Kemet but, was in fact a European and the priest and craftsman's would not honor one who was not a son of Ra.

What Egyptian god is 'Marduk'?

Babylonian patron deity of Babylon. (18th Century B.C.)

The planet Jupiter was associated with Marduk by the Hammurabi period.

What hieroglyph for ankh?

like a T with an upside down tear on it

What were the hieroglyphics on Imsety?

The canopic jar in which the liver was placed was made in the shape of Imsety, the human-headed son of Horus. His name, in hieroglyphs, would appear on the jar, and was spelled with a feather (this was an "i" or "y"), an owl or what looks like the left half of a longbow, string-side down (this was "m"), something which looks like a pair of glasses or a brassiere (this was "s"), a candle flame (this was "ty") and another feather (more "y")

Before the name of the son of Horus were hieroglyphs saying "Thus says Osiris" or "Djed med in Isir", spelled by a snake with a hanging tail ("dj", short for the whole word "Djed"), a tall bottle (for "med"), a feather and a zigzag horizontal line ("i" and "n"), and an eye and a set of steps, followed by a flag on a pole, which was the name of Osiris (the steps are "is", the eye is "ir", and the flag means "god" to show we're talking about the god here)

What is coptic writing?

Coptic is the final development of writing in ancient Egypt. It is essentially the Greek alphabet, plus a few signs taken from the Demotic script to represent Egyptian sounds not found in Greek and it was used to write the Coptic language - the Egyptian Christian Church language which existed alongside Arabic.

Coptic was heading for extinction by the late 1600s, until European scholars began to realise that an understanding of Coptic would assist in understanding ancient Egyptian and the interpretation of hieroglyphs.

Sahidic Coptic uses 30 alphabetic letters including 6 derived from Demotic. These are called sei, fai, hori, djandja, chima, ti and represent s, f, h, g, c and ti.

How do you write Anastasia in hieroglyphics?

Hieroglyphs were never intended to write words in any language but ancient Egyptian, although foreign names could be spelled out phonetically (often only approximately). They do not write vowels (exactly as ancient Hebrew, Phoenician and Arabic did not write vowels), despite the fake hieroglyph charts published on certain web pages. This means that the name would be written nstsy in hieroglyphs, which are always neatly arranged within invisible rectangles to produce an orderly result and make best use of the space.

One way of writing the name would be a horizontal zig-zag line (n) over a door-bolt (a horizontal line with two short vertical lines crossing it in the middle - s), followed by a loaf (curved on top, flat on the bottom like a semi-circle - t) over another door-bolt (s) followed by two parallel slanting strokes (y): nstsy.

Since this is the name of a female person it would be followed by the determinative for "woman" - a kneeling woman wearing a long wig and with arms not represented.

Which pyramid was Isis's tomb in?

Isis was an ancient Egyptian goddess and therefore she never died, nor did she have a tomb, nor did she have a pyramid.

In fact Isis survived for much longer than most ancient Egyptian gods or goddesses, since she was absorbed into the Roman religion and her worship was taken all over the Roman world. Statues and temples to Isis were even erected in the Roman province of Britannia.

Why was the eye painted only on one side in Egyptian paintings?

When studying ancient cultures it is important to forget everything you know about modern ideas and concepts, which did not exist at the time.

Ancient Egyptian artists wanted to portray human beings and objects in a way that would make them instantly recognisable, so each element was drawn in a standard way. Faces are usually drawn in profile (from one side), but an eye seen from the side would have been difficult to understand, so the eye was drawn as if seen from the front. This is important because the same mixture of viewpoints carries on throughout each figure - the shoulders are seen frontally, but the arms and legs are seen from one side. This mix of viewpoints is blended into a single form, intended to convey the most lifelike aspects of each part.

A table would often be shown with its top in plan view (as if seen from above), and with the legs shown from one side.

These are called "conventions", the standard way of doing things, which would have been perfectly normal for Egyptian artists. Sometimes they broke away from convention, showing dancers or acrobats in unusual stances, or a very few faces from the front - when both eyes would be depicted.

Why was the Egyptian art in tombs 2d and not 3d or frontal portraits?

Ancient Egyptian depictions of people were strictly governed by tradition and religion, as well as purely practical considerations.

The rule was that each individual part of the human figure must be shown from its most recognisable viewpoint, even if this meant showing the eye (for example) as if seen from the front, but the rest of the face is seen in profile (from the side). Look closely at ancient Egyptian paintings and you can see this is true. An eye seen from the side would have been more difficult to understand.

The same applies to shoulders - they make most sense when seen from the front, but the rest of the torso and legs are always shown from the side. This does not mean that ancient Egyptians walked around in a peculiar pose - they walked exactly like everyone else.

Frontal portraits are rare in Egyptian art, but they do exist. They are usually reserved for musicians, acrobats and other entertainers, who were not thought to have any status - so it didn't matter if they were shown differently.

Painting "three dimensionally" on a two-dimensional surface is all about shadow and highlights, light and shade, tonal modelling and understanding perspective. None of these things were known to Egyptian artists, who continued the same flat style of painting for thousands of years and never felt any need to change.