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Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (100–44 BC) was a Roman general who played a vital role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. He was dubbed the Republic’s “dictator in perpetuity.”
4,636 Questions
What role did the plebeians play in Julius Caesar?
Plebeians didn't have an actual role in the play. Although Plebeians were important they were the ones that Mark Antony and Brutus were trying to manipulate. Rome only runs in what the Plebeians say. If they say they don't want that person to be king;he will not, if they say he shall then he will. Even though the Plebeians are illiterate they still understand the right and wrong. They are very fickle, easily swayed and manipulated. If you have realised, in Mark Antony's speech,(in the film) the plebeians follow each other as an "Mexican wave" if one plebeian says 'The will, the will! we will hear Caesar's will!' everyone else copy's and repeats the same words.
Hope that helped!
How powerful was the emperor in Roman society?
Roman Emperors were absolute rulers. Therefore they were the most powerful men in the empire.
What prophecy did the witches give to Caesar?
"Witches: Caesar! Caesar! Caesar! Get back to thy own play! Rehearsals for Julius Caesar are in the room known as twelve B, which thou mayst find by going up the stairs! 'Tis Macbeth which is being rehearséd here."
What are the major skills jovita carranza has demostrated in her career at ups that have made a successful leader?"
What does here under leave of Brutus and the rest mean?
Mark Antony means that Brutus and the rest of the conspirators have given him permission to speak at the funeral. "Under leave" is roughly the same as "by permission"
What were Julius Caesars reforms?
Caesar's reforms were the most extensive in Roman History to that date, inspired by populists such as the Gracchi brothers and Marcus Drusus, but much more comprehensive. They fall into economic, political and social realms, but very much overlap.
Economic:
He canceled a 1/4 of the debt, largely owed by the lower classes who were victimized by usurious aristocrats. For the rest, interest rates were fixed at 12%, a major blow to the creditors who were in large part responsible for breaking the backs of Rome's workers. Usury was prosecuted energetically. One reason Caesar was called a "traitor" to his class.
He reduced the number of citizens on the free grain dole (a type of welfare) from 300,000 to around 180,000. Many of those who were taken off the dole were in fact not in the lower classes and simply abusing the system.
He once and for all rid the provinces of "Tax Farmers", private citizens given contracts to collect taxes from exploited provincials, setting up a clear tax system based on set land value to be collected by the provinces themselves, giving them a freedom and sense of economic security.
He passed a tax on foreign ships doing business in Rome's harbor.
He drained marshlands around Rome while at the same time expanding the city borders allowing for easier trade and more commerce.
Social
Connected to the tax farmers, provincial governors were given fixed terms, one year for propraetors and two for proconsuls. The governors and collectors were often working together. Combined with an earlier law of Caesar's consulship, the governors now had to follow very strict rules and were not given the time to set up any kind of exploitation racket.
He ordered that all large Roman estates had to employ freemen as 1/3 of their workforce, He essentially reduced slavery by a third and created a kind of government stimulus for the workers. Caesar is rumored to have planned ending slavery entirely within Italy.
Connected to this: No Italian male could be forced for any reason to live outside of Italy for more than three years. This was one of the reasons "middle-class" Roman farmers lost everything in times past. Now, their farms were safe from land stealing creditors.
Stable provinces in Spain, Gaul, and all around the Mediterranean were either given full Roman citizenship or the Latin rights (a goal of the most forward thinking Roman populares). Now, people who were considered outsiders had all legal rights that those living within Rome had. Moreover, people now had a stake in Rome, not simple subjects.
Doctors, Teachers, and Architects were given full citizenship and economic incentives to come live in Rome. It was Caesar's goal for Rome to rival Athens and Alexandria as a place of learning and culture. This was combined with a building program of libraries, a new Curia (still standing today) and other projects.
To reduce over-population and unemployment (with concurrent crime) he set up new colonies, rebuilt old ones (such as Carthage) and passed laws giving both ex-soldiers and poor Romans their own land and farms. This, combined with the mass citizenship laws, was one of the MOST important social and economic reforms bringing stability to the empire. The seeds of the Pax Romana are here!
He began ending the use of private police forces, which were the only ones used in Rome to that date. The goal being that police were bound to the public and not to the magistrate who was paying them.
He gave economic incentives to couples to marry.
Political
Caesar enlarged the Senate from 600 to 900. But, more importantly, he opened the Senate to non-Romans. With the enfranchisement mentioned above, non-Romans not only had legal rights, they could be Senators! Of course, they would all be clients of Caesar. But power and justice are not mutually exclusive.
He granted clemency to his defeated civil war enemies on a scale unheard of at the time. Not just their lives, but their estates were, for the vast majority, returned to them. While he seems to have been genuinely concerned with ending internal strife, it was clear they owed him everything. And they hated him for it.
His reform of the calendar is his most famous (though perhaps too famous). This was primarily a political reform as it didn't allow priests to change important dates at their whim, almost always because of the interests of the powerful senators.
Combined with an earlier law on daily Senate meetings, proceedings in the Senate were more transparent than they had ever been.
He essentially practiced a form of autocracy that, while not technically kingship, made the Senate essentially his servants. They in turn gave him the office of Dictator for Life. Senatorial equality was nonexistent.
He created a smaller, municipal government that concerned itself chiefly with affairs within Rome itself.
For the ancient Roman nobility, all of these reforms drew their enmity, making Caesar forever a villain. Many moderns still take this view; however, most today admire Caesar's economic and social reforms while condemning how he did them, i.e. the political.
Finally, many of the reforms of Augustus are properly Julian. While Augustus certainly should be credited with keeping most of Julius Caesar's reforms in place and enacting those that were planned, it was in Augustus' interest to give himself credit for being the "father of his country". The first emperor is certainly admirable politically, but at heart he was no populist and used his adopted father's name to advance his own popularity.
What advice does Brutus give the conspirators as they leave his house?
As the conspirators depart, Brutus suggests that they try to behave like actors and hide their true feelings and intentions.
Where does the term backstabber originate from?
the word backstabber came from Julius Ceasar one day his best friend Brutus and a group of others attacked him from behind, each taking a stab at him and Brutus had a last stab Caesar did not believe even his best friend took part in his killing
During Caesar's lifetime Rome was still a republic.
Did pompeii rule rome before Julius Caesar?
No, Pompeii is Caesars Friend. They were in the first triumvirate together.
How did Cleopatra help Julius Caesar in the civil war?
The only civil war in which Cleopatra and Caesar were involved was the Alexandrian war and Cleopatra was no help whatsoever as she was powerless. She remained in hiding in the palace.
Brutus is a well-respected man, and as his brother-in-law, Cassius should not be manipulating Brutus in order to achieve his own ambition.
What do you think Caesar thought as he was dying?
"Oh, crap!" or "Brutus, you backstabber!" or "I hate to admit it, but my wife was right." or "I'm a god; I can get out of this somehow, if I can only . . ." or "So this is what it feels like." or "Ouch!" are all possibilities.
Where did Augustus Caesar work?
He was an Emperor during Roman times after Julius Caesar was killed.He ruled wisely even the senators liked him so much they gave him back his power even when he gave his power to the senate.
What are mark Antony weakness?
Mark Antony was not perfect, however his weaknesses were serious enough to have him be defeated by Octavian and ultimately to commit suicide. Antony proved himself to be an able general, and by most historians accounts, more so than the younger Octavian. Another weakness was his misjudgement of Octavian, whom he first brushed off as a mere youth and no threat to his plans to be Caesar's heir. Anotherclear weakness was allowing his love affairs tointerfere with his politics. Antony's weakness for the love of Cleopatra, led him away from the support of many Romans. Antony relied on Cleopatra to not retreat from the Battle of Actium which she did. Yet he still forgave her.
Before the civil war between Antony and Octavian began in full earnest, Antony spent far too much time in Alexandria with Cleopatra. Too late did he realize that his time in Egypt, gave Octavian time to form his legions.
It was also well known, and used against him was his other sexual " cravings" that were present long before Cleopatra. His enemies in Rome were happy to advertise that Antony kept a harem of both men and women. This was not a "plus" for his public appearance.
What do you know about the poet Portia Nelson?
Singer/songwriter Portia Nelson is also an actress, author, painter and photographer. Among her many accomplishments, she has appeared on Broadway in numerous productions, hosted the radio program Sunday in New York,, appeared in films like The Sound of Music, Dr. Doolittle and The Trouble with Angels as well as in the TV soap opera All My Children. She also wrote the book There's a Hole in My Sidewalk, which was made into a musical featuring music, lyrics, direction and a performance by Nelson herself. Her song "Make a Rainbow" was performed at the 1993 inauguration of President Clinton.
Julius Caesar's importance to ancient Rome, and his position as a historical figure is self evident as 2,000 years after his death, he is still a topic of discussion. The following answer must be subjective as it does not ask about certain facts about Caesar, using the word "admire" in the question places any answer in the world of subjectivity.
What stands out regarding Caesar was his leadership. He continued what others before and after him did, that is to help the ancient Roman empire to be a vital and important force in world history.
He was a great general and added more territory & power to ancient Rome; For him and the context of his time, this was a worthy cause. (It is understood that people will disagree about this ).
He was a great statesman and was in the process of revitalize Roman policies and laws he strongly believed would be beneficial to the citizens of Rome;
He was a leader without fear, yet he himself was feared; feared to the point that other leaders in ancient Rome conspired to and did assassinate him; Some historians believe his loss at the time of it, was a major setback to Rome.
His legacy remains to this day, be it in the month of July named for him, or even his "calendar". He was the subject of the world's greatest playwright, Shakespeare. History books centered upon him are in the multiple hundreds if not more.
What award did Caesar receive for his actions at Miletus?
During the course of the siege of Miletus, Caesar showed such personal bravery in saving the lives of legionaries that he was later awarded the corona civica (civic crown). This was a chaplet of oak leaves woven to form a crown. It was the second highest military decoration after the corona graminea or obsidionalis (the grass crown). When the civic crown was worn in the presence of the Senate, the senators had to stand and applaud.
Does a single hero or villain exist in Julius Caesar?
Not really, all of the Imperial Roman characters are somewhat shady in their ambitions and are aimed against the Big C. I always liked the line: Yon Cassius has a lean and hungry look, he thinks too much, such men are dangerous! No it does not describe a Black Panther (with boxing gloves?) on the prowl. Cassius , Brutus and the other guys are essentially political gangsters like Macbeth and co. Caesar is a(Good Guy) but he is knocked-off fairly early in the play. Great Caesar"s Ghost!
What happened in the assassination of Julius Caesar?
A plot led by Brutus was carried out so that Brutus and the other murderers (Roman Senators) would each stab Julius Caesar at a dinner. According to accounts he was stabbed 37 times.
Who could ride in a carpenta with Julius Caesar?
Whomever Caesar invited to ride with him. A carpentum was a two wheeled vehicle and did not have much room. Caesar is known to have traveled with his secretary who took dictation as he traveled.
Whomever Caesar invited to ride with him. A carpentum was a two wheeled vehicle and did not have much room. Caesar is known to have traveled with his secretary who took dictation as he traveled.
Whomever Caesar invited to ride with him. A carpentum was a two wheeled vehicle and did not have much room. Caesar is known to have traveled with his secretary who took dictation as he traveled.
Whomever Caesar invited to ride with him. A carpentum was a two wheeled vehicle and did not have much room. Caesar is known to have traveled with his secretary who took dictation as he traveled.
Whomever Caesar invited to ride with him. A carpentum was a two wheeled vehicle and did not have much room. Caesar is known to have traveled with his secretary who took dictation as he traveled.
Whomever Caesar invited to ride with him. A carpentum was a two wheeled vehicle and did not have much room. Caesar is known to have traveled with his secretary who took dictation as he traveled.
Whomever Caesar invited to ride with him. A carpentum was a two wheeled vehicle and did not have much room. Caesar is known to have traveled with his secretary who took dictation as he traveled.
Whomever Caesar invited to ride with him. A carpentum was a two wheeled vehicle and did not have much room. Caesar is known to have traveled with his secretary who took dictation as he traveled.
Whomever Caesar invited to ride with him. A carpentum was a two wheeled vehicle and did not have much room. Caesar is known to have traveled with his secretary who took dictation as he traveled.
