Ubuntu is a solid Virus free operating system. It gets updates on a daily bases with a new version out every 6 months. Its all free and works fast with a huge community of support behind you to help you out with any problems. All software and download are free and all can be downloaded within the operating system. Couple of clicks and its installed with no effort. The operating system can be customised into almost anything you can imagtion. There is nothing you cant change.

It depends on what you are trying to do. If you install anything over Windows 7 that is not a windows based system you may lose some application functionality if the other system does not have an equivalent. The same could be said if installing Ubuntu, since it may have functionality that is not present in Windows 7.

That would be the chroot command. Usually when this is used one mounts the pseudo filesystems (/dev /sys /proc) and then explicitly invoke the shell they want to use in the new root environment, like so:

# chroot /mnt/debian /bin/bash

There are other options, refer to the chroot man page. What this command does is tells the current session that / should now be at /mnt/debian and to invoke /bin/bash as soon as the root is set up.

Changing root is primarily used in two ways. One is to effectively set up a rescue environment for Linux from live media so you can use the tools of the target system and not the host system to do your work (Pretty much essential for adjusting kernel stuff/installing bootloaders correctly, the other is actually fakeroot: It's how most Linux package management systems actually work, by creating a fake root tree so that packages have a tree that exactly duplicates the location the files would be in when installed. This way the package manager simply has to extract the file to / to install the files precicely where they need to go. (Most package management has a little more complexity than this, but this is how package managers work in terms of the actual file management.)

In January 2012, the people at Ubuntu estimated that 20 million people use their operating system.

It is as simple as right clicking on the file or folder and changing the Share properties of the file/folder. You can choose what access you want on the folder regarding read or write.

For a user most system calls are simply wrapped in simple command utilities such as chroot and mkdir and the like.

But system calls proper are made by software, plain and simple. Usually how it works on the low level is dependent on the architecture being used. For "simplicity" I'll refer to x86(_64).

When a system call is made, it's done by putting the parameters of the call in a series of general purpose registers in the CPU, then either signaling an interrupt or, in the case of 64-bit x86, actually using the syscall instruction.

What happens then is a context switch occurs, and the CPU is switched over to kernel mode and the kernel itself is actually running now and has your system call. Meanwhile, the process that made the system call is put in the "blocked" list until the needs of the system call are met.

Remember that a system call is a simple request for a service from the operating system by something in user space. Things in user space can't do a whole lot themselves in reality, and have to ask the operating system for a lot of support.

While an application can do a lot with the CPU, as soon as it needs any sort of hardware support, or more memory, or less memory, it has to ask the operating system for it. For example:

I wrote a text document in vi. To save, vi has to make a system call (Actually, a LOT of system calls.) to the kernel to actually write the buffer to disk.

Think of system calls as being among the building blocks of the actual execution of software on *nix systems. The process will happily use CPU instructions without operating system help, but applications make constant use of hardware in some way, and to do that, they have to use instructions for the kernel, who may or may not actually GRANT the requests based on permissions or sanity of the system call, as opposed to a CPU which will MOSTLY do whatever it is told even in user mode.

The only time a CPU will actually reject an instruction is if its bonkers. Either it's an opcode that makes no sense to the CPU or, more commonly, it is an opcode that requests memory be used in some way that is flat out disallowed in virtual memory. In those cases the CPU will usually fire off an exception and force a context switch to the kernel to handle the error. It'll be up to the operating system how to proceed, but usually, except in cases of page faults, this means death to the offending process. The cases where the CPU will reject an instruction because it's plain invalid or violates memory access rules is called a "fault."

New releases are released in April and October (every 6 months), hence the version number ending in .04 and .10.

Mark Shuttleworth was the man who began with the idea of Ubuntu. However the concept of Ubuntu is much older, the concept behind the word is translated many ways but all boils down to being a good neighbor and treating others well.

The technology is not entirely the creation of Mark Shuttleworth, it is based on the work of thousands of others in the free and open source movement many of whom contribute to the Debian project which is the base of Ubuntu

sudo is a Linux command used to execute programs as the root, or "super user." sudo is a shortening of "super user do." One uses sudo when they need to run a command or program as root, but do not wish to log out or switch their entire shell to root privileges (like they could do with the su command). The file sudoers defines per user or per group what commands can be run with sudo. This file is edited with the command visudoers

Generally speaking, you do not need to install RPM packages in Ubuntu. These are designed for other types of Linux distributions that use a slightly different way of installing software. The programs necessary to install such a package are not found on an Ubuntu system. Most programs that could be found in an RPM package are also available either in a .deb package (which you can install on Ubuntu) or in Ubuntu's repository, where it can be installed via Synaptic.

If you absolutely need to, you can convert RPM packages by using a program called "alien." This converts the RPM package into its .deb equivalent. Note that this doesn't always work, and the installation could break your system in rare circumstances. To convert the RPM package and install the program, use the following commands:

sudo alien -k rpmpackage.rpm
sudo dpkg -i debpackage.deb

Install Vista first. During the installation of OpenSUSE, you will be prompted if you would like to partition the hard drive to make room for OpenSUSE, or format the drive entirely for OpenSUSE. Make a partition of at least 6 GB, plus a swap partition of 1 GB. The installer will automatically install a bootloader known as GRUB, which can boot Vista or OpenSUSE at your choosing.

Ubuntu is an operating system that can run on almost any computer. It is Linux based, and thus can be edited by many people. It is free to install and contains many free programs, so it is a great low-cost alternative to Windows.

Ubuntu is constantly being updated by dozens of people, so it is an operating system that fits the needs of many types of people.

Ubuntu is an African word meaning 'Humanity to others', or 'I am because we are'. The Ubuntu distribution brings the spirit of Ubuntu to the software world. This is where the name for the OS came from as it was developed by a South African named Mark Shuttleworth.

Ubuntu is a community developed, Linux-based operating system that is perfect for laptops, desktops and servers. It contains all the applications you need - a web browser, presentation, document and spreadsheet software, instant messaging and much more.

If you want to download "Ubuntu" check out the related links below.

I don't know about individual windows, but you can kill a process with killall. Please be very careful with this command, because it can damage your system.

The ubuntu forums is a Linux based forum that is open to users and professional users alike. The forum was designed as a community to help each other with problems. Answers to issues are resolved from other people. There is a large amount of information given on the forums, but it is always best to check the information to ensure there are no errors.

All modern operating systems implement what is called "virtual memory", where unused parts of an application are swapped out and placed on the hard drive. Windows does this by creating a swapfile on bootup and then resizing it as needed. The problem with this is that resizing it constantly will cause the file system to become fragmented.

Linux typically uses a dedicated partition for swapping instead of a swapfile.While the partition is a fixed size and may take up more space than the Windows swapfile at any given moment, it helps prevent the file system from becoming fragmented and is usually faster.

Linux cannot by default run .exe files. Those are Windows programs. With an application library called "Wine", many (but certainly not all) Windows programs can be run. Check your distro's repository to see if they have a package of Wine for you to install.

By default it should be using the ext3 file system, but you have a choice of several, including ext2, reiserfs, etc.

Newer versions of Ubuntu tend to install as ext4 file systems, however if you've upgraded from an older version then you'll keep your original file system.

To say that Linux is completely free from viruses and malware is not entirely true. It is, however, much more resistant to it than Windows is. Root accounts, prompt patching of security holes, and a heterogeneous mixture of software make Linux a much more difficult target when developing malware. I would say that is never going to be necessary to run anti-virus software for Linux, I do not think they work very well in Windows and they certainly do not belong in Linux. Education is still the best way to prevent viruses. Never install software from sources you do not trust. Ubuntu and other distributions already verify that every package that is installed is signed by the correct provider. The best defense against viruses and other attacks is what it has always bee, keep your software up to date. Spyware, viruses and other malware have become an increasing problem on Microsoft Windows based systems and have caused many Windows users to switch over to using other operating systems. I am going to be focusing on GNU/Linux (hereafter referred to as Linux) because of its availability and the concepts and ideas about viruses in Linux apply to other Unix based operating systems such as Mac OS X. Historically, users of Linux have had virtually no issues with spyware, viruses or other malware. Many have thought it was just because they did not have a large enough market share to attract malware authors but the reality is that Linux is so fundamentally different from Windows that it is much more resistant to virus or spyware infections and other forms of malware. Security holes in Linux and Windows Security holes are not unheard of in Linux but they appear less often and are less severe than security holes in Windows. First let's compare the default web browser of most Linux distributions (Firefox) with the default web browser of Windows (Internet Explorer). Since we just want to know why Windows has more malware than Linux we will focus a single time period and see what security problems the two browsers had in that time period. Firefox 1.0 was release in November of 2004 and on May of 2005 version 1.0.4 was released. Each of the four minor revisions was to address security issues. In the same time frame Microsoft released 20 major patches to IE, most of which were rated "critical" (Livingston). These critical security problems meant that malware could be installed automatically on a Windows machine if the user just clicked on a link. A company by the name of Scanit did a study of the amount of time it took Microsoft to release a patch for a vulnerability once it became public. "The firm found that IE was wide open for a total of 200 days in 2004, or 54% of the year, to exploits that were "in the wild" on the Internet (Livingston)." That meant that any script kiddy could download some html, upload it to a website and every person that visited that site could be compromised 50% of the time, even if they had installed the latest Windows updates. Firefox had a few security problems of it own, even to the point where code could be executed remotely but in every case a patch was issued before the security problem was made public. The exploits were always written after the problem had been fixed. Everyone remembers the Sasser and Blaster worms that infected millions of Windows machines overnight using security vulnerabilities in the DCOM protocol which is hardly ever used by desktop computers and is enabled by default. Linux has about 10 total worms all of which were released weeks sometimes months after patches were issued for the security holes the worms used (Moen). Very few Linux machines were even vulnerable to the worms because most of them targeted the BIND name server which is only used by Internet servers. Actually, none of the worms would have been able to compromise a desktop system unless it was running some server software.

Since Ubuntu is installed as an ext4 file system (not NTFS as in Windows), there is no need to defragment anything.

Yes, there is a printer driver for the canon lbp-810 in Ubuntu OS. You can inquire how to order the driver via the instruction manual for the canon lob 810.