Local Area Network

The main theme of dividing the protocol into layers is to explain the rules of each layer specifically. This helps in putting various functions in separate modules and at the same time hiding the details of what they do and how they do it from other layers. This way we could improve the performance of one function or even change it all together, without having to change the whole protocol stack.

A LAN provides network services and access to applications for users within a common organization.Each end of the network is generally connected to a Telecommunication Service Provider (TSP).
Local Area Network it cover small geographic area like home, office and other grouped of building.

Hello All,

There is one major Diffrence between cat6 and cat7 , and this deference is cat 6 has 100 MBPS network speed and cat7 has 1 GBPS network speed.

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-Amol N Gajare

PSTN

LANs are networks that connect devices, like computers and printers, over short distances typically within an office premises or campus.Communication devices are connected through cables within a distance of 2000 feet.Newer terms like Wireless Local Area Network(WLAN) and Blutooth technology are also associated with LAN today.

The standard connector for Ethernet cable is called the RJ45 by everybody. The fact this not actually and RJ45 but is in fact a 8P8C in irrelevant to common usage.

cat5, cat5e, and cat6 are common specifications for unshielded twisted pair used in Ethernet cabling.

Cat5e is useful for distances of up to 100 meters ( you can get a bit more distance out of it) and speeds of up to 1gigabit per second. While cat6 can handle speeds of up to 10 gigabits per second there is no real use for cat6 outside of data centers or as backbone in large environments as the 10Gb equipment is frightfully expensive and a very very fast internet connection of 20 megabits per second is 500 times slower.

This is probably too much information but there you go. f:)

I don't think it has to be anymore than 2, but it can be quite a few. The problem with a hub say for a computer like a usb hub is that each device receives less power and they are all sharing the same port, its like hooking 5 computers to one modem.

1. Copper UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair)

2. Optical Fiber

A "Default Gateway" refers to the Router to which your Local Area Network is connected to. This Router provides the link to the outside world (Internet or Wide Area Network). If this is a home PC situation then the Broadband Router is the Default Gateway.When your PC requests a network resource (webpage or server share) that is not on the local subnet the request is automatically forwarded to the Default Gateway which in turn forwards the request to the far end (Node) of that link. You can have many Gateways on your LAN, each providing a Route to a particular extenal network. All networks must have one of these Gateways as default so all other requests can be sent to it by "Default" this is where the term comes from.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol that automatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and other related configuration information such as the subnet mask and default gateway. RFCs 2131 and 2132 define DHCP as an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard based on Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP), a protocol with which DHCP shares many implementation details. DHCP allows hosts to obtain necessary TCP/IP configuration information from a DHCP server.
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The word "type" here is a bit too broad; I'll try to answer this as best I can.

Wired: A typical home LAN is connected using CAT5e or CAT6 ethernet cable with RJ-45 ends. These sorts of networks can run at 10, 100, or 1000 Mbps speeds, though the most typical is 100 Mbps. The major advantage of a wired network is that it can run at higher speeds than wireless standards, especially if you're willing to shell out the extra cash for gigabit (1000 Mbps) devices.

Wireless: With the development of new wireless standards we have seen several different wireless speeds emerge: 11, 56, and 108 Mbps are the most common speeds, with 56 Mbps still being the most common. The main advantage of wireless networks tends to be portablility, though reception issues and speed are usually the major limiting factors.

Typically the OSI model is used, but the older TCP/IP model is also popular.

Repeaters and hubs

This is vague, but I'll try.

If a computer is on a network, and it's IP address is 120.12.12.3, with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, then that means that all computers/devices/printers that have IP addresses in the range of 120.12.12.1-120.12.12.254 are on the same network, and would be directly reachable without the need of a router. For instance, If there was a computer with IP 120.12.12.4, they could talk directly. But, if a computer with IP 120.12.13.15 wanted to communicate, it would first have to communicate to and through a router.

Subnet masks tell us what part of the IP address is the network portion and which is the host. A 255 in the first three octets tells us that the first three bytes/octets/portions of the IP address needs to be examined for a match. If they match then the computers can directly communicate, no match? They must traverse a router.

MGC (media gateway controller)

false

Switches are almost always faster than hubs and send out less data than hubs as well, these reason for this is the same; when a hub gets data from any connected device it sends the message to all connected devices, a switch just sends it to the device that it is for. As such switches are seen as "smarter" devices than hubs, which is another advantage.

Does not support encryption

IT ESS 1 chapter 3 exam

Two advantages of modular chassis switches over fixed chassis switches are their ease of upgrade and their flexibility. Modules can be freely swapped to increase its capacity or capabilities based on ever changing demands.

The question makes no sense. A cable cannot have volts in it. Voltage is measured across an element. I assume that you are asking what the voltage between the signal lines and the answer is dependent on what you are connected to. Gigabit ethernet is one level, 10/100 is another and so on.

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^^ this stupid guy doesnt know the answer... hes filipino luckily i know how to speak it he says: you are crap! whoever you are!... i dont know what Bwiwsit means. but the answer is a router or a phone line (you should be able to connect the phone line to your computer) a computer or laptop.

yes, network topology does matter to design a network. as we know that topology is a structure of network. without a topology network cannot be designed. we have to consider which topology to use and what does each topology does. different topology have its different features. if you want most secure connection use full mesh topology

Sniffing is a computer network hacker term. On Ethernet networks data is sent in data packets. The packet includes the sending address, the data being sent, and the address it came from. Hackers are able to use a "sniffing" program to intercept those packets of data and read them.

If (for example) the first 20 bits of the subnet masks are "1", then any IP address that shares the same 20 bits with the IP address of my computer is in the same subnet.

Note that a subnet only indicates the size of the current subnet, the subnet in which your computer (for example) is located. Other subnets of a network may have different sizes; this can't be ascertained just by looking at you IP address and subnet. Nor is it relevant for your computer: The computer only has to know that anything outside the subnet has to be sent first to the default gateway - the server or router that connects your subnet to the remainder of the net.

If (for example) the first 20 bits of the subnet masks are "1", then any IP address that shares the same 20 bits with the IP address of my computer is in the same subnet.

Note that a subnet only indicates the size of the current subnet, the subnet in which your computer (for example) is located. Other subnets of a network may have different sizes; this can't be ascertained just by looking at you IP address and subnet. Nor is it relevant for your computer: The computer only has to know that anything outside the subnet has to be sent first to the default gateway - the server or router that connects your subnet to the remainder of the net.

If (for example) the first 20 bits of the subnet masks are "1", then any IP address that shares the same 20 bits with the IP address of my computer is in the same subnet.

Note that a subnet only indicates the size of the current subnet, the subnet in which your computer (for example) is located. Other subnets of a network may have different sizes; this can't be ascertained just by looking at you IP address and subnet. Nor is it relevant for your computer: The computer only has to know that anything outside the subnet has to be sent first to the default gateway - the server or router that connects your subnet to the remainder of the net.

If (for example) the first 20 bits of the subnet masks are "1", then any IP address that shares the same 20 bits with the IP address of my computer is in the same subnet.

Note that a subnet only indicates the size of the current subnet, the subnet in which your computer (for example) is located. Other subnets of a network may have different sizes; this can't be ascertained just by looking at you IP address and subnet. Nor is it relevant for your computer: The computer only has to know that anything outside the subnet has to be sent first to the default gateway - the server or router that connects your subnet to the remainder of the net.