Mathematical Analysis

cause both numbers have to be equal with both of the numbers in the first fraction its common sense someone that is dumb wouldnt know that

Un = n*(n2 + 3n + 2)/6 or n*(n+1)*(n+2)/6 for n = 1, 2, 3, ...

The square root of fraction 20 over 25:

= √20

...√25

= √4(5)

......5

= 2√5

.....5

or 2 square root of 5 over 5

It is not possible to answer the question.

There are three measures, but they cannot form a 2D shape - a triangle.

If they are the lengths of sides of a solid figure, there is no information as to what shape that figure is - a cuboid or a parallelepiped.

16

Its 4, it ain't a fraction.

A flat surface is no more that a plain horizontal surface with no depth. For example the surface of a table top is a flat surface, that is the surface only, not the depth of the top or the rest of the table

An infinite amount. If you only want to count integral lengths, then there's only one: 1 by 1 by 11. (This is because 11 is a prime number.)

Base called intersection

In ordinary mathematics, division by zero is impossible.

7

As in 16 fl. Ounces in a can, it means FLUID ounces. there are also ounces as in weight, so they put fluid so you can know the difference.

Kilograms.

On earth, 5 kg of mass weighs 49 newtons (11 pounds) at sea level.

Less as rises above or sinks below the surface.

aa. If the angles are equal and the triangles are right triangles, then all three angles are equal, but the sides can grow or shrink, as long as they remain proportional.

It depends on what level of people are competing. If it's anything from middle school to high school, you might see something like:

What is the largest 2-digit integer that is 7 times the sum of its digits? For example, 21 = 7 x (2 + 1)

For college-level competitions you'd see harder: trig, calculus, number theory, etc.

If you meant throw, then it depends how hard and how much strengh you have to throw one

Infinitesimal calculus pretty much means non-rigorous calculus, i.e. calculus without the notion of limits to prove its validity. When Newton and Leibniz originally formulated calculus, they used derivatives and integrals in the same manner that they're still used today, but they provided no formalism as to how those techniques were mathematically valid, therefore causing quite a debate as to their worth. The infinitesimals themselves simply had to be accepted as valid, in and of themselves, for the theory to work.

Not necessarily, and I'll give you an example.

The harmonic series, Σ∞n=1 (1/n), is divergent.

However, if you square (1/n) and use the result in the above series; i.e. Σ∞n=1 (1/n2), which is the p-series for p = 2, the result is that the series converges, and so therefore, by definition, is not divergent.

Yes, the in-built dim() function

Yes, although they look different from what we're used to seeing they are still numbers

Statistical analysis is a method of studying large amounts of business data and reporting overall trends. Single data is studied instead of a cross-section of data.

The fundamental difference is that in fuzzy set theory permits the gradual assessment of the membership of elements in a set and this is described with the aid of a membership function valued in the real unit interval [0, 1]. Better, the degree of membership of the elements of a set can take values ranging between 0 and 1 allowing for a ranking of membership. Conversely, crisp set theory is a classical bivalent set so that the membership function only takes values 0 or 1. In this case, one can know only if an element of the set have or not a particular characteristic and a ranking of membership is not possible.

Differentiation lets you find the rate of change of a function. You can use this to find the maximum or minimum values of a differentiable function, which is useful in a lot of optimization problems. It's also necessary for differential equations, which are useful just about everywhere.

4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25