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Microprocessors

A microprocessor is the heart of any computer, whether it is a server, a desktop machine, or a laptop. This single chip contains the arithmetic, control, and logic circuitry necessary to interpret and execute computer programs.

2,578 Questions

Why Direct memory access has priority over the CPU when both request a memory transfer?

Direct Memory Access (DMA) has priority over the CPU when both request a memory transfer because DMA can access memory independently of the CPU, allowing for simultaneous data transfers. This reduces the burden on the CPU and improves overall system performance. Additionally, DMA transfers are typically faster and more efficient than CPU transfers, making them a preferred choice for handling memory transfers.

Advantages of pic controller over 8051?

Well, honey, a PIC controller typically has a faster execution speed and lower power consumption compared to an 8051. Plus, PIC controllers often have a larger variety of peripherals and are more cost-effective for certain applications. But hey, at the end of the day, it all depends on what you need for your project, so pick your poison wisely.

What is psw in 8086 microprocessor?

In the context of the 8086 microprocessor, PSW stands for Program Status Word. It is a 16-bit register that contains flags and status bits that reflect the outcome of arithmetic and logical operations performed by the processor. The PSW includes flags such as the zero flag, carry flag, sign flag, and overflow flag, which are crucial for controlling program flow and making decisions in assembly language programming. The PSW plays a significant role in determining the execution path of a program based on the results of previous instructions.

How do you find out processor speed with Windows 98 installed?

Oh, dude, finding out the processor speed on Windows 98 is like going back in time to the Stone Age of technology. Just right-click on "My Computer," go to "Properties," and there you have it, buried deep within the ancient settings of your computer. It's like finding a fossil in a digital museum.

How many instructions are executed by 1khz CPU?

Well, isn't that just a happy little question! A 1kHz CPU can execute 1,000 instructions per second. Just imagine all those little instructions dancing around, bringing your computer to life with each gentle step. It may not be the fastest, but it's doing its best, and that's all we can ask for.

Difference between a CPU and control unit?

There is a big difference between these components. Both of them are part of central processor unit but control unit is responsible for generating control signals to all parts of cpu, to handle interrupts, to deal with registers etc. Arithmetic logic unit is part which does arithmetic and logic operations (for example, arithmetic operations are add,subtract,add with carry,subtract with carry,divide... and logic operations are AND,OR,XOR,NOT,NAND,NOR...).

Are having the CPU and motherboard of a computer good analogies?

Oh, absolutely! Just like how a CPU is the brain of a computer, controlling everything that happens, the motherboard is like the body, connecting all the parts together. It's a beautiful relationship where they work together harmoniously to make sure everything runs smoothly, just like how we work together to create happy little computers.

If your printer correctly prints a test page but prints gibberish when printing your term paper what is the probable error?

If your printer can correctly print a test page but produces gibberish when printing a specific document like your term paper, here are some possible causes:

File Corruption: The document itself might be corrupted. Try saving it in a different format or creating a new document and copying the content over.

Font Issues: The document may contain fonts that are not properly installed on the printer or the computer. Check if you can change the font in the document.

Software Compatibility: Ensure that the application you are using to print the document is compatible with your printer. Sometimes using a different program to open or print the file can resolve the issue.

Print Driver Issues: There may be a problem with the printer driver. Try updating or reinstalling the printer driver.

Incorrect Printer Settings: Check the printer settings for the document. Make sure the correct paper size, quality settings, and other options are selected.

Spooling Issues: There might be a problem with the print spooler. Restarting the spooler service or your computer can sometimes help.

What other informations are listed for a CPU?

Well, darling, when it comes to a CPU, you can expect to find details like the number of cores, clock speed, cache size, socket type, and power consumption listed. It's like reading a little resume for your computer's brain - all the important specs neatly laid out for your browsing pleasure. Just make sure to pay attention to those details if you want your computer to run like a well-oiled machine.

Today the processor's speed is measured in?

Today, a processor's speed is primarily measured in gigahertz (GHz), which indicates the number of cycles per second that the processor can execute. Higher GHz values generally signify faster performance, but other factors like the number of cores, architecture efficiency, and cache size also play crucial roles in overall processing power. Additionally, benchmarks and performance metrics are used to assess a processor's real-world capabilities beyond just clock speed.

What is an example of an instruction set that might be found on a CPU?

An example of an instruction set found on a CPU is the x86 instruction set, which is widely used in Intel and AMD processors. This instruction set includes a variety of operations such as arithmetic calculations, data movement, and control flow instructions, allowing the CPU to perform complex tasks. Another example is the ARM instruction set, commonly used in mobile devices, which is designed for efficiency and lower power consumption.

What is the function of AVR?

AVR stands for Automatic Voltage Regulator, which is a device used to regulate and stabilize the voltage output of a generator or alternator. Its main function is to ensure a consistent voltage level is maintained within a specific range, despite fluctuations in the input voltage or load variations. This helps protect electrical equipment from damage caused by overvoltage or undervoltage conditions.

What are the disadvantages of processor?

Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) is a CPU design concept that seeks gains in power as a trade-off for simplified instructions. This design philosophy is directly opposed to Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC), which is the basis of the x86 style processors of the vast majority of home PCs and laptops.

Performance-Oriented

The construction of the RISC processor is such that performance is the priority, rather than raw power. When RISC and CISC were developed, the bottleneck of microprocessors was power, meaning that CISC won out and efficient, performance-oriented chips were used less and less. RISC came back into vogue when the need increased for chips that make efficient use of portable battery power.

Less Versatile

Since the instruction set is so simple, that is, one instruction per cycle, RISC processors tend to be better used for simple and repetitive logic operations. CISC processors are truly "general purpose," meaning that they can pipeline multiple instructions at once without a preference for simpler or more complex applications. RISC processors need to be programmed in a very particular fashion.

Simpler

The performance orientation of the RISC architecture is due to its simple and efficient instruction set. This simplicity means that RISC processors are easier to design and inexpensive to produce, making them ideal for purpose-built and cheap computing machines that execute repetitive instructions.

Long Instruction StringsRISC processors can be adapted to run CISC style instruction strings, but they are incredibly inefficient at doing so. Since a RISC processor can only handle one instruction string at a time, code needs to be more compartmentalised and, therefore, more complicated.

Modern processor chips may be classified as?

Modern processor chips may be classified as central processing units (CPUs) or graphics processing units (GPUs). CPUs are designed for general-purpose computing tasks, while GPUs are optimized for graphics and parallel processing tasks. Other classifications include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

What happens if you use a 120 Volt bulb where a 130 volt socket?

Using a 120 volt bulb in a 130 volt socket may cause the bulb to burn out more quickly or not function properly. The higher voltage from the socket can lead to a higher current flowing through the bulb, which can damage it or cause it to fail prematurely. It is always best to match the voltage of the bulb with the voltage of the socket for optimal performance and safety.

What are the major Components in an RDBMS?

A server for the database. (physical computer)

A database server software, e.g. mysql.

A network or VPN or internet connection to link server and client

A client software, could run client side, e.g. desktop application coded in python

or could be server side and forwarded to a web browser page at a time (cloud computing model) using php or flash.

What is a core dump?

In many OS's like WindowsNT, for example, a core dump is basically the computer barfing up everything it has in memory (ram) at that moment. WindowsNT, XP and 2000 use core dumps so that an administrator can perhaps recover from a system crash. OS's like Linux and Unix use core dumps as well, but since they are more stable Operating Systems, they rarely dump the core. For many of us home users, a core dump is just a huge waste of hard drive space and they are safe to delete. If you were working on some important document at the time your system "barfed" or crashed, a technically savvy pro could recover (maybe) some of what you might otherwise have lost using the core dump. Additionally, it can help the programmer to determine why the system crashed, or caused a "SEGFAULT".

Answer-- A core dump consists of the recorded state of the working memory of a computer program at a specific time, generally when the program has terminated abnormally (crashed).[1] In practice, other key pieces of program state are usually dumped at the same time, including the processor registers, which may include the program counter and stack pointer, memory management information, and other processor and operating system flags and information. The name comes from the once-standard core memory technology. Core dumps are often used to diagnose or debug errors in computer programs.

On many operating systems, a fatal error in a program automatically triggers a core dump, and by extension the phrase "to dump core" has come to mean, in many cases, any fatal error, regardless of whether a record of the program memory results.

How should you look after a new piercing?

It is important always to get your piercings performed with needles as opposed to guns, as is the common misconception. Needles are both less painful than guns, but also much better for your piercing, being both more sterile and allowing your piercing to heal more quickly without implications. Make sure to get piercings done by a reputable piercer rather than in somewhere such as a mall, where the 'piercers' often have no more than a days training.

After getting your piercing, there are two common routes to be taken for aftercare: the LITHA method (Leave It The Hell Alone - speaks for itself), and the one listed below.

Piercings should only be cleaned with a sea salt solution. This is made up by putting 1/4 of a teaspoon of sea salt into a mug of boiling water and allowing it to cool a little. A cotton bud / q-tip dipped in this solution can then be used to gently clean the piercing. Keep away from antiseptic solutions and the like, as these are often too strong for a fresh piercing. If you encounter any problems, consult your piercer.

For oral piercings (tongue, etc), the mouth should either be cleaned with cool sea salt solution (as detailed above) or with a non-alcohol mouthwash. It is important that the mouthwash does not contain alcohol as alcohol is a blood thinner, slowing the healing time of your piercing. For tongue piercings, try to keep smoking to a minimum for around two weeks and try not to talk too much on day 1 - the tongue will become fatigued very quickly.

You do need to rotate your piercing, as not rotating it can cause the skin to heal to the jewelry, and other nasty things that you don't want to happen. Clearly whomever wrote this before me has never had a piercing. A happy piercing will ideally be pierced with a barbell as opposed to a ring, as barbells tend to move less during the healing period. Once the healing period is over, the jewellery can subsequently be changed to a ring if desired.

Regardless of what others tell you (including piercers - as mentioned earlier, many 'piercers' are not sufficiently trained), very few piercings heal in less than 3/4 months, including lobes (many will tell you that jewellery can be changed after 6 weeks - this is not recommended even if the piercing feels healed, as the fistula is still forming at this point). The exceptions to this are tongue piercings, which heal in about 2-3 weeks, and lip piercings which can heal in about 6-8 weeks.

What is 8087 NDP Co-processor?

The 8087 NDP (Numeric Data Processor) is a coprocessor designed by Intel to work alongside the 8086 and 8088 microprocessors, which were prevalent in early personal computers. The NDP was introduced in 1980, and it provided hardware support for floating-point arithmetic operations.

Floating-point arithmetic is used for calculations involving decimal numbers, which are common in scientific and engineering applications, as well as in graphics and multimedia processing. The 8087 offloaded these calculations from the main processor, significantly speeding up numeric computation tasks.

The 8087 performed operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and square roots much faster than software implementations, which relied on the main processor's instructions. This acceleration was particularly important in fields like computer-aided design (CAD), numerical analysis, and gaming.

Later, Intel developed more advanced coprocessors, such as the 80287 and 80387, which offered improved performance and additional features. However, with the advancement of microprocessor technology, dedicated floating-point coprocessors became less common as modern CPUs integrated floating-point units directly into their designs.

How does one Burp on command?

If you mean HOW to burp on command, I have your answer. Fill your cheeks up with air, and swallow it. Keep filling your cheeks up and swallowing. How loud do you want your burp, that depends on how much air you swallow.

Highest priority interrupt in micro processor?

The highest priority interrupt in a microprocessor is usually the reset interrupt. When a reset occurs, the microprocessor is forced to stop its current operations and begin executing the reset routine. This is critical for initializing the processor and setting it to a known state before starting normal operations.

What are segment registers?

In the x86 processor architecture, memory addresses are specified in two parts called the segment and the offset. One usually thinks of the segment as specifying the beginning of a block of memory allocated by the system and the offset as an index into it. Segment values are stored in the segment registers. There are four or more segment registers: CS contains the segment of the current instruction (IP is the offset), SS contains the stack segment (SP is the offset), DS is the segment used by default for most data operations, ES (and, in more recent processors, FS and GS) is an extra segment register. Most memory operations accept a segment override prefix that allows use of a segment register other than the default one.

What is the difference between microprocessor and micro computer?

A microprocessor is part of a micro computer. A micro computer is a system which includes a microprocessor, instruction/data memory, input/output devices such as monitors, disk drives, keyboards, etc. , i.e. some way to store programs and read data and store and display results.