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Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Gorbachev was the president of the USSR until its collapse in 1991. He was TIME Magazines person of the year in 1987, and a Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1990.
182 Questions
What did mikhail gorbachev's program of perestroika have on the cold war?
It weakened the Soviet economy, affecting the Soviet Union's ability to support military commitments around the world.
Mikhail Gorbachev was born in 1931. As of April 2010, he is still alive and well. Only his political career may be said to be somewhat dead.
Incidentally, Gorbachev was only the second Soviert leader (and the first in 27 years) to leave his post while still alive. Five of his predecessors, starting with Lenin, died while in office. Khruschev was the only exception: he was ousted in 1964 by Brezhhnev.
What was the response when hard-liners staged a coup against Gorbachev?
When hard-liners staged a coup against Mikhail Gorbachev in August 1991, the response was a significant popular uprising led by Russian President Boris Yeltsin. Yeltsin rallied citizens to resist the coup, famously standing on a tank outside the Russian White House, which galvanized public support. The coup ultimately failed after three days, leading to a further decline in Gorbachev's power and accelerating the dissolution of the Soviet Union. This event marked a pivotal moment in the transition from Soviet rule to the establishment of independent republics.
How did Mikhail Gorbachev feel about his birthmark and what did he do about it?
Mikhail Gorbachev probably did not thoroughly enjoy his birthmark. It's actually a "port-wine stain". He once said that he didn't have it surgically removed so the Soviet people would know that he was more concerned about their well-being then his looks.
What are Gorbachev accomplishments?
-He was the primary leader in the ending of the Cold War
-He transformed the Soviet Union into a democracy
-Allowed other communists regimes to be overthrown by people (i.e. East Germany)
-Cultural and Social freedom in the Soviet Union
How did the election of mikhail Gorbachev affect the cold war?
== == Gorbachev was a soviet leader who supported democracy. He brought the following reforms: >glasnost - openess >perestroika - economic restructuring >democratization In 1987, he signed a Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces treaty with President Reagan. His reforms inspired Eastern Europeans. Who Is Mikhail Gorbachev in these End Times? Daniel 7:8"...there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots Three rulers uprooted, were Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin and Leonid Brezhnev. These were of the first and before Mikhail Gorbachev. The First Uprooted Horn of Daniel 7:8 If Gorbachev ended Communism, he ended Marxist-Leninism. Lenin's mausoleum in Red Square, with his body embalmed and on display in a glass coffin, became the most renowned shrine in the Communist world. Lenin's writings, along with those of Marx, for years formed the basis for Communist theory; their legitimacy for years was accepted by all factions of the Marxist movement. In the late 1980s, however, a new spirit of questioning of Lenin's doctrines appeared in Eastern Europe and even in the Soviet Union. In March 1989, a writer in the Soviet monthly Science and Life declared that the abuses of the Stalinist period were a logical outgrowth of Marxist-Leninist theory. A Soviet demographer in August 1989 estimated that Lenin's agricultural policies were responsible for a famine (1921-1923) that claimed 5.9 million lives. A guest on a Moscow television program even suggested, in April 1989, that Lenin's body be removed from the Red Square mausoleum and given a normal burial elsewhere. Communist traditionalists were outraged at the suggestion. Signs of a revisionist attitude toward Lenin were illustrated in certain Eastern European nations and in the Soviet Union in a more concrete manner. Early in June, 1989, a massive statue of Lenin was removed by Hungarian authorities from its site in Budapest's Procession Square. Polish authorities removed a Lenin statue from a public site in the city of Nowa Huta early in December 1989. In Bucharest, the capital of Romania, a 7-ton massive bronze statue of Lenin was removed on March 5, 1990, from its imposing site in Scinteia Square. Scinteia (Romanian for "spark," after the title of Lenin's newspaper) Square was renamed Free Press Square. On June 12, 1991, a referendum was held in Leningrad on the question of restoring the city's former name, and 55% voted to restore the name of Saint Petersburg. On September 6, the legislature of the Russian republic ratified the name change. The Second Uprooted Horn of Daniel 7:8 Mikhail Gorbachev uprooted Joseph Stalin and his Stalinist policies of executing all opposition to his government authority. In the early years of the Gorbachev period, official opinion on Stalin vacillated between praise and criticism. But in the atmosphere of GLASNOST (a policy of encouragement of candor and openness), artists, intellectuals, and even political figures began to speak openly of the horrors of the Stalin years. Repentance, a 1986 film thinly disguised as fiction, concerned a dictator who was a composite of Stalin and Lavrenti BERIA, the Soviet KGB chief. In a major speech in November 1987, Gorbachev, addressing 6,000 Communist party officials and others, said that Stalin had been guilty of "enormous and unforgivable" crimes that were a "lesson for all generations." In February 1988, the Soviet government rehabilitated the reputation of Nikolai Bukharin and 19 others purged by Stalin, and in May the government officially announced a posthumous rehabilitation of Grigory Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev, Karl Radek, and others who had been executed. In Nedelya, a weekly supplement to the Soviet government newspaper Izvestia, an April 1988 article declared that Stalin's policy of forced collectivization between 1929 and 1933 had cost 25 million lives. Pravda, the Soviet Communist party newspaper, reported in January 1989 that 25,000 victims of Stalin's purges had been posthumously rehabilitated. TASS, the Soviet news agency, reported in March that a huge mass grave near the city of Kiev contained the remains of as many as 300,000 people, killed in the 1930s under Stalin. The Third Uprooted Horn of Daniel 7:8 Gorbachev uprooted Leonid Brezhnev and the Brezhnev Doctrine. In the years following Brezhnev's death, and increasingly under the administration of Mikhail GORBACHEV, political personalities from the Brezhnev era were replaced as Gorbachev gradually consolidated his power. In a speech on Jan.27, 1987, Gorbachev attacked the party leadership of the 1970's and early 1980's, charging that the period was characterized by rigid bureaucracy, stagnation, favoritism, a spread of alcohol and drug abuse, bribe-taking and corruption, and a general cynicism in the "moral atmosphere" of Soviet society. A further indication of the low regard in which the Brezhnev years are held by the current Soviet government was the announcement, on Jan. 8, 1988, that a city, a Moscow district, and city squares in Moscow and Leningrad would no longer carry Brezhnev's name, and would revert to their former names. The official weekly magazine Ogonyok noted that it was "unjustified" that a city should be named for "the former leader of the country...whose name is linked to "the epoch of decay." After the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia (1968) he introduced the Brezhnev Doctrine, which proclaimed that the USSR would not "remain inactive" in the face of "anti-socialist degeneration" in the Soviet bloc. This doctrine was extended to include countries within the Soviet sphere of influence, as demonstrated by the invasion of Afghanistan (1979). In 1981, the Soviet government supported the Polish military's suppression of the independent union movement, Solidarity. Gorbachev restored friendly relations with the West, disengaged the USSR from its war in Afghanistan, and ended its long-standing quarrel with China. In 1989 he renounced the "Brezhnev Doctrine," which had asserted the USSR's right to intervene militarily in Warsaw Pact countries. This quickly led to the fall of the Eastern European Communist regimes. Acclaimed internationally for his foreign policy initiatives, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990. The tenth one has been elected as Yeltsin?s replacement. Revelation 17:10-11 says the beast is the eight and is of the seven. Mikhail Gorbachev is the eight, and is of the Socialist-Communist, as were the seven before him. Has Mikhail Gorbachev plucked up Vladimir Lenin by his Marxist-Leninist roots? Is Communism really dead or will Marxist-Leninist policies and law be alive in the New World Order? Revelation 13:7 says power will be given to the Antichrist over all kindreds and tongues and nations. Power over all kindreds means government authority and control over families, parental rights and family values. Power over all tongues means government authority and control over freedom of speech. Power over all nations means government authority and control of the world. No more sovereignty of nations. No more freedom in the USA. According to Bible prophecy describing the form of world government in the end times, it will be a Marxist-Leninist government. Has Vladimir Lenin and his Marxist-Leninist ways been uprooted as a pretence to deceive many into a false peace? Was Marxist-Leninism uprooted for transplanting into the New World Order? Has Mikhail Gorbachev plucked up Joseph Stalin and his Stalinist purges by the roots? Are there going to be mass executions of all those who do not yield to the absolute authority of the Antichrist and his New World Order? Revelation 13:7 also says the Antichrist will make war with the saints and overcome them. Revelation 13:15 says the Antichrist would cause as many who do not worship the image of the beast to be killed. Revelation 6:9-11 tells of those who are faithful to the Word of God and held on to their testimony. These are the end time martyrs that cry unto the Lord. Daniel 8:23-25 says the ruler of the latter time shall destroy the mighty and holy people. Stalinism is going to be enforced in the New World Order. Has Joseph Stalin and his Stalinist mass execution purges been uprooted by pretense to deceive many into a false peace? Has Stalinism been uprooted for transplanting into the New World Order? Has Mikhail Gorbachev plucked up Leonid Brezhnev and his Brezhnev Doctrine by the roots? The Brezhnev Doctrine asserted the right to intervene militarily and that the USSR would not "remain inactive" in the face of "anti-socialist degeneration." What kinds of governments are established when the UN overthrows the government of a nation? In every case Pro-Marxist. During Jimmy Carters' Presidency, Rhodesesia was lost as a strong friend of the United Stated when the communist over through it and the UN established a Pro-Marxist government. It is now known as communist Zimbabwe. Haiti also was put into communist control. The Communist member nations of the UN speak out against the US when Nato forces are used to strike out against Sadam Husain and those like him. Has the Brezhnev Doctrine been uprooted for transplanting into the UN New World Order? Daniel 11:41 says many countries shall be overthrown. Daniel 7:7-8 7 After this I saw in the night visions, and behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns. 8 I considered the horns, and, behold, there came up among them another little horn, before whom there were three of the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things. Mikhail Gorbachev is the chief visionary and spokesperson for this New World Order through the UN. Revelation 13:1-18 1 And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy. 2 And the beast which I saw was like unto a leopard, and his feet were as the feet of a bear, and his mouth as the mouth of a lion: and the dragon gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority. 3 And I saw one of his heads as it were wounded to death; and his deadly wound was healed: and all the world wondered after the beast. 4 And they worshipped the dragon, which gave power unto the beast: and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? Who is able to make war with him? 5 And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months. 6 And he opened his mouth in blasphemy against God, to blaspheme his name, and his tabernacle, and them that dwell in heaven. 7 And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and power was given him over all kindreds, and tongues, and nations. (The power shift began with the Communist member nations of the UN uniting to take a stand against the NATO forces invading Yugoslavia, charging the USA with illegal invasion and begin their quest to remove the veto power of the USA in the UN. In order for power to be given to the Antichrist the communist member nations must first take away the veto power of the five nations who hold it. 8 And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world. 9 If any man have an ear, let him hear. 10 He that leadeth into captivity shall go into captivity: he that killeth with the sword must be killed with the sword. Here is the patience and the faith of the saints. 11 And I beheld another beast coming up out of the earth; and he had two horns like a lamb, and he spake as a dragon. 12 And he exerciseth all the power of the first beast before him, and causeth the earth and them which dwell therein to worship the first beast, whose deadly wound was healed. 13 And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire come down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men, 14 And deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles which he had power to do in the sight of the beast; saying to them that dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the beast, which had the wound by a sword, and did live. 15 And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast, that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause that, as many as would not worship the image of the beast should be killed. 16 And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: 17 And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. 18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six. Revelation 17:10-13 10 And there are seven kings: five are fallen, and one is, and the other is not yet come; and when he cometh, he must continue a short space. 11 And the beast that was, and is not, even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition. 12 And the ten horns, which thou sawest, are ten kings, which have received no kingdom as yet; but receive power as kings one hour with the beast. 13 These have one mind, and shall give their power and strength unto the beast. Three of the first were uprooted and form the foundation of government that is transplanted into the New World Order. (1) 1917 - 1929 Vladimir Lenin (2) 1929 - 1953 Joseph Stalin (5) 1964 - 1982 Leonid Brezhnev Five are fallen or died with no recognition other than that they were of the ten who ruled and established the government of the New World Order: (3) 1953 - 1955 Georgi Malenkov (4) 1955 - 1964 Nikita Khruschev (6) 1982 - 1984 Yuri Andropov (7) 1984 - 1985 Konstantin Chernenko (9) 1991 - 2000 Boris Yeltsin Only the eighth and the tenth will be alive during the end when the shift of power moves from the five UN nations holding veto power to the antichrist. The tenth one "is not yet come; and when he cometh, he must continue a short space". Vadimir Putin is the elected replacement for Yeltsin. The tenth one is in place and will only be for a short while possibly meaning our time is short. Vladimir Putin was also Mikhail Gorbachev?s KGB chief. And the beast (antichrist) that was, (was President of the USSR), and is not, even he is the eighth, (8) 1985 - 1991 Mikhail Gorbachev, and is of the seven, (a communist) and goeth into perdition (exile from the USSR) "And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, which have received no kingdom as yet; but receive power as kings (International acclaim as the patriarchs of the New World Order) one hour with the beast. These have one mind (Marxist-Leninism), and shall give their power and strength (Communist member nations in the UN) unto the beast. Luke 21:28 And when these things begin to come to pass, then look up, and lift up your heads; for your redemption draweth nigh. Get the latest Endtime magazine and see what Mikhail Gorbachev is up to in his quest for an antichrist world government through the UN.
What led Gorbachev to establish his policies of perestroika and glasnost?
The war in Afghanistan had drained the nation's resources
What significant impact did Mikhail Gorbachev have on Russia?
His impact was to present the image of a more-open Soviet Russia to entice increased Western trade while preserving the core of the Soviet Union.
He also betrayed the people of his country. He was a weak and mercenary leader actually and everyone hates him for that. Now he lives in London (afraid of retaliation) and makes money from food called in honor with him: pizza, vodka "Gorbachevka" and so on.
What political challenges did mikhail gorbachev face?
# Ethnic minorities demanded the right of self-determination.
Was mikhail gorbachev a good or bad leader?
I think that he was sometimes good and sometimes bad. He wanted communism to start back up in the Soviet Union.
What two reforms did Mikhail Gorbachev begin in the mid 1980s?
Perestroika and glasnost
Gorbachev emphasized the need for a faster political personnel turnover and a policy of democratization that opened the political elections to multiple candidates and to non-party members.
Why was Mikhail Gorbachev the last leader of the USSR?
He was more liberal, unlike the other hardcore Communist leaders.
Gorbachev's attempts at reform as well as summit conferences with United States President Ronald Reagan contributed to the end of the Cold War, ended the political supremacy of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990.
Gorbachev's primary goal as General Secretary was to revive the Soviet economy after the stagnant Brezhnev years. In 1985, he announced that the Soviet economy was stalled and that reorganization was needed. Gorbachev proposed a "vague programme of reform", which was adopted at the April Plenum of the Central Committee. He called for increased industrial and agricultural productivity, fast-paced technological modernization, and attempted to reform the Soviet bureaucracy to be more efficient and prosperous. Gorbachev soon realised that fixing the Soviet economy would be near-impossible without reforming the political and social structure of the Communist nation.
Gorbachev announced his new policy of perestroika in 1986. The new policy of "reconstruction" was introduced in an attempt to overcome the economic stagnation by creating a dependable and effective mechanism for accelerating economic and social progress. According to Gorbachev, perestroika was the "conference of development of democracy, socialist self-government, encouragement of initiative and creative endeavor, improved water and disciplined, more glasnost, criticism and self-criticism in all spheres of our society. It is utmost respect for the individual and consideration for personal dignity."
The Central Committee Plenum in January 1987 would see the crystallisation of Gorbachev's political reforms, including proposals for multi-candidate elections and the appointment of non-Party members to government positions. He also first raised the idea of expanding co-operatives at the plenum. Economic reforms took up much of the rest of 1987, as a new law giving enterprises more independence was passed in June and Gorbachev released a book, Perestroika: New Thinking for Our Country and the World, in November, elucidating his main ideas for reform. In 1987 he rehabilitated many opponents of Stalin, another part of the De-Stalinization, which began in 1956, when Lenin's Testament was published.
1988 would see Gorbachev's introduction of glasnost, which gave new freedoms to the people, including greater freedom of speech. This was a radical change, as control of speech and suppression of government criticism had previously been a central part of the Soviet system. The press became far less controlled, and thousands of political prisoners and many dissidents were released. Gorbachev's goal in undertaking glasnost was to pressure conservatives within the CPSU who opposed his policies of economic restructuring, and he also hoped that through different ranges of openness, debate and participation, the Soviet people would support his reform initiatives.
The Law on Cooperatives enacted in May 1988 was perhaps the most radical of the economic reforms during the early part of the Gorbachev era. For the first time since Lenin, the law permitted private ownership of businesses in the service, manufacturing, and foreign-trade sectors. The law initially imposed high taxes and employment restrictions, although these were ignored by some SSRs. Later the restrictions were revised to avoid discouraging private-sector activity. Under the provision for private ownership, cooperative restaurants, shops, and manufacturers became part of the Soviet scene. Under the new law, the restructuring of large 'All-Union' industrial organisations also began. Aeroflot, was split up eventually becoming several independent airlines. These newly autonomous business organisations were encouraged to seek foreign investment.
In June 1988, at the CPSU's Party Conference, Gorbachev launched radical reforms meant to reduce party control of the government apparatus. He proposed a new executive in the form of a presidential system, as well as a new legislative element, to be called the Congress of People's Deputies. Elections to the Congress of People's Deputies were held throughout the Soviet Union in March and April 1989. This was the first free election in the Soviet Union since 1917. Gorbachev became Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (or head of state) on 25 May 1989. On 15 March 1990, Gorbachev was elected as the first executive President of the Soviet Union with 59% of the Deputies' votes being an unopposed candidate. The Congress met for the first time on 25 May in order to elect representatives from Congress to sit on the Supreme Soviet. Nonetheless, the Congress posed problems for Gorbachev; its sessions were televised, airing more criticism and encouraging people to expect ever more rapid reform. In the elections, many Party candidates were defeated. Furthermore, Boris Yeltzin was elected in Moscow and returned to political prominence to become an increasingly vocal critic of Gorbachev.
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev#Domestic_reforms
What Mikhail Gorbachev called his policy of openness?
It was called "glasnost". This policy encouraged people to express their opinion without any fear from the government. It also gave much freedom to the media. After Gorbachev' s Glasnost many musicians throughout Soviet Union emerged with songs about wanting change in society. Band like " Kino" encouraged young people to be open. In all, Gorbachev' s policy brought openness and freedom to old Soviet Union.
What were Gorbachev's policies?
He had 2 'famous' policies that reformed the Soviet Union. Glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring).
How did Mikhail Gorbachev bring democracy?
By Glasnost (Freedom of Speech) and Perestroika (Free Trade, Economically Restructure- To be a bloody capitalist!)
What damaged Gorbachev's popularity?
Mikhail Gorbachev's popularity was significantly damaged by the economic turmoil and political instability that accompanied his reform policies, particularly perestroika and glasnost. The transition to a market economy led to shortages, inflation, and increased public discontent. Additionally, the rise of nationalist movements within the Soviet republics and the failed coup attempt in 1991 further eroded his authority and support. These factors ultimately contributed to his loss of control and the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
What wall did mikhail gorbachev take down?
Mikhail Gorbachev did not take down any physical wall. However, he played a significant role in the dismantling of the symbolic Berlin Wall, which separated East and West Berlin during the Cold War. Gorbachev's policies of Glasnost (openness) and Perestroika (restructuring) allowed for a more open political climate, leading to the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.
What is on mikhail gorbachev's head?
It's a birthmark.
This type of birthmark is known as a "port-wine stain" birthmark. The formal medical term is nevus flammeus. It results when insufficient nerve fibers in a particular area of skin allow more blood than is the norm to flow through capillaries in that area. This extra blood flow causes the dark red blotch that is the port-wine stain.
