Periodic Table

The density of mercury at room temperature (around 20°C) is approximately 13.6 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm^3).

Bromine is the only liquid element in Group 7 (also known as Group 17) of the periodic table. It is a reddish-brown volatile liquid at room temperature, and it is the only nonmetallic element that is liquid under normal conditions.

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There is a greater repulsive force from the negatively charged anion, thus causing the addition of successive electrons to be electrically unfavorable. Energy is necessary to overcome the electrostatic repulsion, making additional electron affinities endothermic.

For the same reason, the noble gases and nitrogen absorb energy even for their first ionization energy. Greater stability = energy released. It requires energy to disrupt that stability.

The element cerium has a single electron in the 4f orbital. Its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2.

The noble gases family do not react with other elements since they have a full valence shell of electrons, making them stable and nonreactive.

The elements in the same column have the same electrons in the outer shell.

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The main idea of the periodic law is that the properties of elements repeat in a periodic manner when arranged by increasing atomic number. This periodicity helps predict the physical and chemical properties of elements based on their position in the periodic table.

Chemical activity decreases down Group 7 (halogens) as atomic size increases. Chlorine, a Group 7 element, is used for water purification, manufacturing of plastics and pesticides, and in the production of bleach and disinfectants due to its strong oxidizing properties.

Air contains approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and the final 1% is made up of argon, carbon dioxide and trace amounts of other gases. There is a possibility that air could also contain many bacteria and viruses from humans sneezing.

Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of two monosaccharides: glucose and fructose. It is commonly found in plants and used as a sweetener in various food products.

The shielding effect order is based on the ability of each subshell to shield electrons in lower energy levels from the nucleus. The order spdf corresponds to the increasing effectiveness of electron subshells for shielding, with s orbitals providing the least shielding, followed by p, d, and f orbitals. This order reflects the increasing distance of the electrons from the nucleus and the increasing number of inner electrons that shield the outer electrons.

The atomic number of an element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom. The atomic number is identical to the charge number of the nucleus. For example, the atomic number of Oxygen is 8.

Uranium, Neptunium and Plutonium follow each other - elements 92,93,94. They are named after the outer planets though Pluto is no longer classed as a planet. U was chosen as there was no conflict with other elements names beginning with U.

Approximately 52 elements had been discovered by the time Charles Macintosh invented a waterproof fabric in 1823.

An element in a periodic table has got a number known as atomic number. So to say the flat number (just as fun in saying) in which the particular element resides. Thus 1 is for hydrogen, 2 for helium, 3 for lithium and so. In 26, ferrous occupies. 79 is for gold and 80 is for mercury. Uranium will be located at 92.

This atomic number is nothing but the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom (element).

O2 is not an element. It is a gas molecule which has two oxygen atoms. O is the element whose flat number in periodic table is 8.

CO2 is also a gas with the elements of carbon and oxygen. One atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen.

So far elements with atomic number 108 have been found.

Diffraction of X-rays with crystals such an zinc sulphide has led to the right placement of the element in the periodic table.

Halogens, such as fluorine, chlorine, and iodine, have a tendency to accept electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. They are highly electronegative elements and readily form negative ions when accepting electrons.

the vertical column is called group in the periodic table.

Group 1 elements are most reactive. The want desperately to have an octet of electrons but they have 1 too many (or 7 too few depending on how you look at it). And they will do anything to ionize to get that octet. They also get more reactive the larger they get. This is why the smaller halogens which lack a single electron (they are pretty reactive too) are not quite as reactive and why K is more reactive than Na. (NB: Atoms get larger moving down a group and smaller moving from left to right across a period).

Reactivity generally increases as you move down a group in the periodic table due to the increasing number of energy levels. Within a period, reactivity tends to increase as you move from left to right due to the increasing electronegativity of elements. Metals are usually more reactive than nonmetals and tend to lose electrons to form positive ions, while nonmetals tend to gain electrons to form negative ions.

The family name for groups 1B to 2B is the transition metals.