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Polio
Polio or more correctly Poliomyelitis is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus which attacks the nervous system. This category is for questions about the disease, its history, its symptoms, its treatments, the vaccine created to combat/eradicate it and the continuing studies of not only the virus,and its treatment, but its sociological impact and the people who survived it.
489 Questions
Yes, Jonas' salk did fail in one or two occasions.
The first Polio epidemic was in 1894 in Vermont with 132 cases of it.
Polio can be prevented by just getting the vaccine and also avoidong people who have it. If you were to ever get polio even though it is very uncommon you should consult your doctor and also get the appropriate equipment so you can treat this very rare disease right. Also it could just some because of the bloodline in your family.
Why is polio vaccine prepared in injection form?
There are still two types of polio vaccines available. One of those is administered PO ("per os" ~ Latin for "by mouth") known as OPV (oral polio vaccine) and the other is the injected form IPV (inactivated polio vaccine). Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) is a live attenuated (weakened) vaccine. As the name implies, IPV is a vaccine made with inactive/"dead" virus particles.
The polio virus is still in the environment in some places and usually gets into the body by way of the intestines, so the oral vaccine is especially effective against the "wild" viruses through gastrointestinal immunity. The wild viruses are not as prevalent as in the past due to the long term use of polio vaccines, and are currently seen in only some areas of the world without that history of vaccinations.
There are no preservatives in the live attenuated oral polio vaccine, but there are some traces of some antibiotics used in the purification of contaminates that may get in the vaccine during manufacture. Those people with antibiotic allergies need to talk to their health care professionals about any allergic reaction risks, as you would for any prescriptions in allergic individuals.
The live virus also presents some extra difficulty with handling and storage, and is more difficult to preserve in hot areas or over long transport to out of the way locations. This is compounded by strong regulations about the storage and preservation of the OPV that adds costs to maintain compliance and so can make IPV more preferred.
The OPV produces immunity to three poliovirus types. Three doses can produce immunity in 95% of those who receive oral polio vaccine. One dose is effective in 50%.
There can be some "secondary immunization" provided to others by those who receive the oral vaccine and pass the virus through their feces. This gives, in a sense, a vaccination to the others exposed to their feces and the minute doses of the vaccine it contains. This is a plus in the more remote and economically deprived locations.
There is also the injected IPV (inactivated polio vaccine) that mostly prevents the virus from getting into the body through the nervous system. This is what is seen used most often in areas of the world that do not still have wild polio in the environment (like in the US). However, the live vaccine is still used in areas of the world where there is more incidence of the disease in the "wild". This is because any concerns about an increase in the virulence of the weakened live virus that could potentially cause infection are offset by the increased effectiveness, need for fewer doses, and often life long protection that a live vaccine produces.
Who developed the first vaccine for polio and in what year?
1950's The first polio vaccine, called the Salk vaccine, was developed by Jonas Salk and became available in 1955. In 1962 the Sabin or oral vaccine developed by Albert Sabin became available.
Which track and Field overcame childhood polio to become one of the greatest athletes of her time?
Wilma Rudolph,1960 Rome OG gold medal in 100m Set WRs of 11.3 and 11.2
How old is the oldest living polio survivor today?
My dad turned 100 yrs old Jan. 8, 2013. He got polio when he was 4 yrs. old.
How does Polio effect the musculoskeletal system?
Polio effects the musculoskeletal system by reaching the nerves and growing within the nerves. This causes damage to the nerves which can result in loss of sensation. This damage also disables the limb from being able to be moved by the victim.
Yes,Steve spent a lot of his childhood in and out of hospital suffering from this debilitating disease,which has to this day left him with quite a noticeable limp,
but has never held him back from performing on a regular basis throughout the UK and Europe.
Is there a contagious period for polio?
Tetanus is a severe toxinfection of a high gravity, characterized by cramp generalized. The causal agent of the disease = Clostridium tétani or bacillus of Nicolaier. This germ which is anaerobic is telluric i.e. it lives in the ground in the form of resistance (= spore) for a long time (of the years). One finds it in the intestine of the animals where it lives like saprophyte and it is thus eliminated with the saddles from these animals. The transmission is direct and it requires a door of entry. · Cutaneous wounds, even all small like the punctures of needles, of spines, which often even are already healed during the explosion of the disease. Let us quote also the injections, and the surgical operations, the traumatisms, etc · The umbilical wound, at the new born one · The uterine cavity after the especially criminal abortions. - The incubation period is very variable: 4 to 30 days; more incubation is short plus the disease is serious.
Le tétanos est une toxi-infection sévère d'une haute gravité, caractérisée par des contractures musculaires généralisées. L'agent causal de la maladie = le Clostridium tétani ou bacille de Nicolaier. Ce germe qui est anaérobie est tellurique c'est-à-dire qu'il vit dans le sol sous forme de résistance (= spore) pendant longtemps (des années). On le trouve dans l'intestin des animaux où il vit comme saprophyte et il est donc éliminé avec les selles de ces animaux.
La transmission est directe et elle nécessite une porte d'entrée.
· Plaies cutanées, même toutes petites comme les piqûres d'aiguilles, d'épines, qui souvent même sont déjà cicatrisées lors de l'explosion de la maladie. Citons aussi les injections, et les interventions chirurgicales, les traumatismes, etc.
· La plaie ombilicale, chez le nouveau né
· La cavité utérine après les avortements surtout criminels.
- La période d'incubation est très variable : 4 à 30 jours ; plus l'incubation est courte plus la maladie est grave.
What is Polio and how does kill people?
Polio is a disease caused by a virus. It causes paralysis in the muscles. If it affects the muscles of the chest, it can prevent breathing and the individual suffocates.
Contact your General Practioner (normal Doctor you are registered under) and ask for a referral to a Orphapedic surgeon. This is the Specalist who will advise you about your leg and know the best course of treatment or action you should take. Good luck.
How is polio vaccine produced?
The first effective polio vaccine was developed in 1952 by Jonas Salk at the University of Pittsburgh. The Salk vaccine, or inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), is based on three wild, virulent reference strains, grown in a type of monkey kidney tissue culture which are then inactivated. An enhanced-potency IPV was licensed in the United States in November 1987, and is currently the vaccine of choice in the United States. In 2002 a combination vaccine (called Pediarix) containing IPV was approved for use in the United States. The vaccine also contains combined diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccines (DTaP) and a pediatric dose of hepatitis B vaccine.
What are the symptoms of Poliomyelitis?
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute, viral, infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route.The term derives from the Greek poliós, meaning "grey", myelós, referring to the grey matter of the spinal cord, and the suffix -itis, which denotes inflammation., i.e., inflammation of the spinal cord's grey matter, although a severe infection can extend into the brainstem and even higher structures, resulting in polioencephalitis, producing apnea that requires mechanical assistance such as an iron lung.
Check online for more information http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poliomyelitis
Who pioneered polio vaccinations?
American physicians Jonas Salk (1914-1995) and Albert B. Sabin (1906-1993 ). Salk developed the first effective injectable vaccine, and Sabin developed the first orally-administered vaccine to be widely used. Both types are still in use throughout the world.
