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Popes
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome and is leader of the worldwide Catholic Church. The Pope is also head of state of the Vatican City, a sovereign city-state entirely enclaved by Rome.
2,799 Questions
In 726 under the reign of Leo III what were considered unholy and ordered destroyed?
Icons or images of saints. This led to the Iconoclastic Controversy and helped speed up the Schism.
Actually, there is no "black pope." The Superior General of the Society of Jesus is the official title of the leader of the Society of Jesus—the Roman Catholic religious order, also known as the Jesuits. He is generally addressed as Father General. The position sometimes carries the nickname of the Black Pope, after his simple black priest's vestments, as contrasted to the white garb of the Pope.
Bramante, Raphael, and Michelangelo.
What does a cardinal do other than waiting patiently to become pope?
Few cardinals become pope. However, cardinals, at least those younger than 80, do elect a new pope. Most cardinals are archbishops and have the responsibilities of any archbishop. Some have special assignments from the pope such as being Papal Nuncios, members of the curia, running the various offices and congregations in the Vatican.
Who are the last 7 people to be pope?
Currently: Benedict XVI (2005 - present)
Previously: John Paul II (1978 - 2005)
previously: John Paul I (1978)
previously: Paul VI (1963 - 1978)
previously: John XXIII (1958 - 1963)
previously: Pius XII (1939 - 1958)
previously: Pius XI (1922 - 1939)
previously: Benedict XV (1914 - 1922)
Who are the current three reigning popes?
Which pope is credited for having Gregorian chant created in the 6th century?
Pope Saint Gregory the Great (would have been Pope Gregory the First) did not create Chant or Plainsong, but gathered it together and promoted it:
from the Saints website:
Elected 64th Pope by unanimous acclamation on 3 September 590, the first monk to be chosen. Sent Saint Augustine of Canterbury and a company of monks to evangelize England, and other missionaries to France, Spain, and Africa. Collected the melodies and plain chant so associated with him that they are now known as Gregorian Chants. One of the four great Doctors of the Latin Church. Wrote seminal works on the Mass and Divine Office, several of them dictated to his secretary, Saint Peter the Deacon.
What does the pope and Catholic church have to do with white smoke?
One of the most famous aspects of the papal election process is the means by which the results of a ballot are announced to the world. Once the ballots are counted and bound together, they are burned in a special stove erected in the Sistine Chapel, with the smoke escaping through a small chimney visible from St. Peter's Square. The ballots from an unsuccessful vote are burned along with a chemical compound in order to produce black smoke, or fumata nera. (Traditionally, wet straw was used to help create the black smoke, but a number of "false alarms" in past conclaves have brought about this concession to modern chemistry.) When a vote is successful, the ballots are burned alone, sending white smoke (fumata bianca) through the chimney and announcing to the world the election of a new pope. At the end of the elections church bells are rung.
What is another name for Christianity?
"The Way"
Acts 9.1 But Saul, still breathing threats and murder against the disciples of the Lord, went to the high priest 2 and asked him for letters to the synagogues at Damascus, so that if he found any belonging to the Way, men or women, he might bring them bound to Jerusalem.
What method did Pope Paul IV use to combat heresy?
A:
Paul IV was a severe and unbending pope, who strongly affirmed the Catholic dogma of extra ecclesiam nulla salus("Outside the Church there is no salvation"), a statement that precluded salvation for heretics and Protestants. He also alienated Protestants in England and rejected the claim of Elizabeth I of England to the Crown.
As a cardinal, he persuaded Pope Paul III to set up the Roman Inquisition, with himself as one of the Inquisitors-General. He is quoted as saying, "Even if my own father were a heretic, I would gather the wood to burn him." As pope, Paul IV further strengthened the Inquisition. Not only heretics, but even cardinals he disliked could be imprisoned. On his death in 1559, rioting crowds destroyed the headquarters of the hated Inquisition and released its prisoners.
Most importantly, Paul introduced the Roman Index of Prohibited Books. The first was printed in 1557, but then withdrawn. A new Index was published in 1559, banning the entire works of some 550 authors in addition to the individual proscribed titles. The blacklisting of some Protestant scholars even when writing on subjects a modern reader would consider outside the realm of dogma meant that, unless they obtained a dispensation, obedient Catholic thinkers were denied access to important scientific works.
Although Jews were not 'heretics', Pope Paul IV forced Roman Jews to live in a ghetto, subject to night curfew, and to wear humiliating identification.
Why Henry VIII was angry with the pope and the Catholic Church?
King Henry VIII was angry with the pope as the papacy had not granted the Monarch a divore from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. Henry requested a divorce after reading the old testament , due to 'Leviticus' stating that if a man shall marry his brothers wife that they shall remain childless.(Catherine was married for a short period to Henry's brother, Arthur , who died shortly after the marriage) Although Catherine claimed that the marriage had not been consummated, Henrhy still insisted that the marriage was illegitimate. Although Henry requested a divorce on these grounds, the papacy declined. In 1529, Henry joined forces with the houses of commons and created the 'Reformation Parliament'
Did they know that the Donation of Constantine was a forgery?
There is no suggestion that popes, with the possible exception of Stephen II, actually knew the document known as the Donation of Constantine to be a forgery until this was demonstrated to be the case in the fifteenth century.
When are the words pope archbishop and bishop capitalized?
The words pope, archbishop and bishop are capitalized when they are used as part of the man's name. Such as Pope Pius X, or Bishop O'Connor.
Pope Pius XIII was the regnal name taken by Lucian Pulvermacher, a pretender to the papacy of the Roman Catholic Church. Pulvermacher was opposed to several reigning Popes during his lifetime, and eventually broke away to head a fringe religious group known as the "True Catholic Church". Members of the group elected Pulvermacher as their "Pope" in 1998 and he reigned in this regard until his death in 2009.
Currently, there have not been any Roman Catholic Popes who have taken the name Pius XIII.
Are people allowed to kiss the hand of the pope?
People kiss the ring of the pope, not his hand. If the pope extends his hand so you can kiss his ring, anyone may do so. Any bishop or cardinal may also have his ring kissed. The custom is not common today, however.
Did Pope John XXIII have an impact on Christianity?
Pope John XXXIII initiated the Second Vatican Council also known as "Vatican II"
Is the pope higher than the queen?
To Catholics, at least, the pope is much more important than any president, monarch, or dictator.
Why do Catholics believe the pope is infallible?
The pope is only infallible when speaking ex cathedra(from the chair) and only in matters of faith and morals and only after years of study and consultation with all the bishops. It has only been invoked twice in recent centuries - the doctrine of the Assumption of Mary and the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception of Mary. However, when a pope declares a person to be a saint it is also considered infallible.
Catholics believe the pope to be infallible when speaking ex cathedra on matters of faith and morals. This is based on the decision of the First Vatican Council, in 1870, documented in Pastor Aeternalis, chapter 6:
9. Therefore, faithfully adhering to the tradition received from the beginning of the christian faith, to the glory of God our savior, for the exaltation of the Catholic religion and for the salvation of the christian people, with the approval of the Sacred Council, we teach and define as a divinely revealed dogma that when the Roman Pontiff speaks EX CATHEDRA, that is, when, in the exercise of his office as shepherd and teacher of all Christians, in virtue of his supreme apostolic authority, he defines a doctrine concerning faith or morals to be held by the whole Church, he possesses, by the divine assistance promised to him in blessed Peter, that infallibility which the divine Redeemer willed his Church to enjoy in defining doctrine concerning faith or morals. Therefore, such definitions of the Roman Pontiff are of themselves, and not by the consent of the Church, irreformable. [My emphasis in bold]
Bishop Geoffrey Robinson (Confronting Power and Sex in the Catholic Church) asks how a council can infallibly declare the infallibility of the pope unless we assume in advance that the council was itself infallible. In the absence of infallibility on the part of the First Vatican Council, the pronouncement inPastor Aeternalis is no more than an opinion.
In the same document, the council appears to have limited that infallibility, by limiting the pope to jealously guarding and explaining what was handed down through the apostles, and not the ability to disclose a new doctrine by revelation (chapter 4):
6. For the Holy Spirit was promised to the successors of Peter not so that they might, by his revelation, make known some new doctrine, but that, by his assistance, they might religiously guard and faithfully expound the revelation or deposit of faith transmitted by the apostles.
The council may not have intended to have one clause limit the other in this way. The pope's pronouncement on the Assumption of the virgin Mary was certainly not handed down through the apostles, so even if the pope is indeed infallible on certain matters Robinson believes this clause means that the pope was assuming an infallibility he did not have in this case.
The consequence is that (i) there is reasonable doubt whether Catholics ought to hold the pope to be infallible; and (ii) there is further doubt as to whether the pope ought to be regarded as infallible when making pronouncements such as on the Assumption of Mary.
As far as I know, the Pope is considered human, even by Catholics, so even the Pope can make mistakes.
Catholics believe the pope is a liable to make mistakes as any other. Where this idea that the pope can never do wrong stems out of a misunderstanding regarding papal infallibility. Papal infallibility is so specific and rare an occasion that most popes never invoke it during their reign. A pope is guaranteed by God never to make a mistake when invoking his office ex cathedra (from the seat of Peter) to definitively teach to the universal Church some doctrine pertaining to Faith and Morals. The last such invocation was made by Pius XII, decades ago. The pope is also not able to fall into formal heresy - he may through ignorance, misunderstanding or poor execution say or do things that appear heretical or are "material heresy" but he is protected from personally espousing these things, to believe them, which would be "formal heresy". A typical example of this is the Sede Vacantist movement, some strains of which point to John XXIII as both a material and formal heretic and thus breaking the papal line. The pope's leniency and fostering of modernist and Protestant ideals was material heresy, however, whether it was formal is not determined since the pope never declared his personal belief in them.What church did Pope Leo X build?
Pope Leo X was responsible for the rebuilding of Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome.
Does Georg Ganswein the pope's private secretary speak English?
No, his secretary does not speak English.
There have been twenty-three Pope John's, you will have to be a bit more specific, below is a list from Wikipedia of popes that were assassinated or martyred (most of the early popes were killed by Rome); Popes John XII and John XIV are both on it.
Chronological list of martyr popes (assassinated for defending the faith)[3]- Saint Peter (64/67), traditionally martyred by crucifixion.
- Saint Anacletus (88).
- Saint Sixtus I (125), traditionally martyred.
- Saint Hyginus (142), traditionally martyred.
- Saint Pius I (155), by sword.
- Saint Anicetus (166), traditionally martyred.
- Saint Soter (175), traditionally martyred.
- Saint Eleuterus (189), traditionally martyred.
- Saint Callixtus I (223).
- Saint Fabian (250).
- Saint Cornelius (253).
- Saint Stephen I (257).[4]
- Saint Sixtus II (258).
- Saint Martin I (655).
- Stephen VI (896-897): Strangled[5]
- Stephen VII/(IX) (939-942): Mutilated[citation needed]
- John XII (955-964): Presumed Murdered
- Benedict VI (973-974): Strangled[6]
- John XIV (983-984): Either by starvation, ill-treatment or direct murder[7]
- Gregory V (996-999): Poisoned[citation needed]
- John VIII (872-882): Allegedly poisoned and then clubbed to death[8]
- Adrian III (884-885): Allegedly poisoned[citation needed]
- Leo V (903): Allegedly strangled[9]
- John X (914-928): Allegedly smothered with pillow[10]
- Stephen VII/(VIII) (928-931): Allegedly murdered[citation needed]
- Sergius IV (1009-1012): Allegedly murdered[citation needed]
- Clement II (1046-1047): Allegedly poisoned[11]
- Damasus II (1048): Allegedly murdered[citation needed]
- Celestine V (1294, died 1296): Held captive and allegedly murdered after his abdication, by order of his successor, Pope Boniface VIII[12]
- Boniface VIII (1294-1303): Death possibly (though unlikely) from the effects of ill-treatment one month before[13]
- Benedict XI (1304-1305): Allegedly poisoned; no evidence provided[citation needed]
- Pius XI (1922-1939): Allegedly, in connection with his doctor's having been the father of Benito Mussolini's mistress[citation needed]
John Paul I (1978): Death just 33 days after Papal election led to conspiracy theories[14] but there is no proof that he was murdered
