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Roman Numerals
Questions and answers related to the symbols used by the ancient Romans to represent numbers. These include the numerals: I, V, X, L, C, D and M.
14,167 Questions
What is the numeric value of R5376.36?
I think what you are referring to is the Brazilian Real, which in currency is symbolized with an 'R$.' So, R$5376.36 would convert to $2,610.65 USD.
What is the numeric value of opposite?
The opposite of any thing that exist would ,undoubtedly, be the non-existence of the thing in question. A thing opposed in every way would be no thing.
Roger
What is the numeral if XLIVIIVII?
As a roman numeral, this has too many symbols. XL are tens (40), IV are the units (4), so the first four symbols represent the number 44. The additional symbols are not appropriate for a roman numeral.
What does the numbers and letters stand for in a galaxy?
M stands for Messier, CSC stands for Cambridge Star Catalogue...
What were or still are at least 20 advantages of the ancient Roman numeral system?
The advantages of the ancient Roman numeral system were and still are as follows:-
1 It needs less main numerals than the Hindu-Arabic numeral system
2 It doesn't need a zero symbol for operational purposes
3 It's easily capable of addition
4 It's easily capable of subtraction
5 It's easily capable of multiplication
6 It's easily capable of division
7 It can easily worked out on an abacus calculating device
8 It doesn't use decimals
9 It uses fractions but only to a limited extent
10 It can be in additional format as for example DC = 600
11 It can be in subtractional format as for example CD = 400
12 Its numerals and fractions are all rational numbers
13 Its numerals are easily recognised for positional place value purposes
14 It uses brackets for multiplication as for example (X) = 10,000
15 It uses exponents as for example (M)M = 1,000,000,000
16 It was the most advanced numeracy system in the ancient known world
17 It's still used today albeit misrepresented
18 It makes mathematical sense when represented properly
19 It needed only 5 symbols at one time because (I) = 1000 and I) = 500
20 It can sometimes be abridged thus using less numerals but of equal value
21 Its symbols follow a regular pattern of ... 5, 2, 5, 2, 5, 2 ...
22 Its 7 main symbols today are: I, V, X, L, C, D and M
23 It therefore follows that even today it still has many advantages
QED by David Gambell
XCI The roman numeral of 91 = XCI In Roman numerals, C=100, X=10, and I=1. You put the lower number before the higher if you're subtracting it, and after if you're adding it. So 91= XCI
Nowadays the modern conversion of 444 into Roman numerals is now considered to be CDXLIV which doesn't lend itself quite easily to mathematical calculations but there exist historical evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have calculated the equivalent of 444 on an abacus calculating frame as CCCCXXXXIIII and then logically abridged it to IVLD thus facilitating the required calculations as follows:-
MDCCLXXVI+CCCCXXXXIIII = MMCCXX => 1776+444 = 2220
MDCCLXXVI+IVLD + MMCCXX => 1776+(500-56) = 2220
MDCCCLXXVI-CCCCXXXXIIII = MCCCXXXII => 1776-444 = 1332
MDCCLXXVI-IVLD = MCCCXXXII => 1776-(500-56) = 1332
Note that in mathematics 1776-(500-56) becomes 1776-500+56 = 1332 and that negative and positive numerals once went in opposite directions somewhat similar to today's number line.
QED
The ancient Romans probably worked them out as follows:-
MDCCLXVIIS+SIX = MDCCLXXVI => 1767.5+(10-1.5) = 1776
MDCCLXVIIS+VIIIS = MDCCLXXVI => 1767.5+8.5 = 1776
Note that the rules as we know them to day now governing the Roman numeral system had nothing to do with the ancient Romans because they were introduced during the Middle Ages.
QED
Today we would convert 1444 into Roman numerals as MCDXLIV which is a non-starter in terms of integration with other numerals.
But in ancient Rome the Romans would have calculated the equivalent of 1444 as MCCCCXXXXIIII which can be logically transformed to IVLMD yet still retaining its original numerical value thus enabling addition to be carried with speed and ease as follows:-
IVLMD+DLXVIII = MMXII (-56+1500)+(568) = (2012)
Alternatively:-
MCCCCXXXXIIII+DLXVIII= MMXII (1444)+(568) = (2012)
So the real rules are that when in Rome do as the Romans do.
QED
Can you show me an example of how to write 10000 in Roman numerals?
CↀƆ or ↂ
The symbol ↀ (1000) precedes the M we use today. The surrounding symbols increase it by a factor of 10. Thus CCↀƆƆ would be 100,000 while CCCↀƆƆƆ is 1,000,000.
D is clearly half of the symbol ↀ which explains where the D (500) comes from. It has a similar notation whereby DƆ becomes 5,000 and DƆƆ becomes 50,000, and so on. ↁ is the more concise version of DƆ.
The conventions can also be combined to create odd number such as 105,000, which is CCↀƆƆƆƆ
ↀ can also be written as CIƆ, but not as CD (which is 400).
How do you write 0.587133130 in numeric number?
Fifty-eight million, seven hundred thirteen thousand, three hundred thirteen hundred-millionths.
Under todays rules governing the Roman numeral system (which incidentally had nothing to do with the Romans because these rules were introduced during the Middle Ages) we would convert 1492, 14 and 49 into Roman numerals, in direct comparison with the Hindu-Arabic numeral system, as MCDXCII, XIV and XLIX respectively which makes mathematical interaction amongst them quite cumbersome and chaotic.
But when in Rome do as the Romans do because there is evidence to suggest that the ancient Romans would have calculated the equivalent of these numbers using either of the following formats:-
XMDII+IXV = MDVI => (1502-10)+(15-1) = (1506)
MDVI+IL = MDLV => (1506)+(50-1) = (1555)
Alternatively:-
MCCCCLXXXXII+XIIII = MDVI => (1492)+(14) = (1506)
MDVI+XXXXVIIII = MDLV => (1506)+(49) = (1555)
Note that: 5*I=V, 2*V=X, 5*X=L, 2*L=C, 5*C=D and 2*D=M
Roman numerals: M=1000, D=500, C=100, L=50, X=10, V=5 and I=1
QED
