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Vaccinations
A vaccine is the preparation of dead microorganisms, living weakened microorganisms or inactivated toxins. Its administration induces the development of immunity and protection against a pathogen or toxin and is called a vaccination.
1,376 Questions
If you vaccine for hepatitis B twice and did not do the third one will you have to vaccinate again?
The Twinrix vaccine is typically given in 3 doses. This is normal.
How many vaccinations should a child receive by the age of six months?
The typical US vaccination schedule during the first six months includes hepatitis B, rotavirus, DTAP, HIB, pneumonia, and polio. The baby should also get influenza immunization if in season. Talk with your health care provider for advice specific to your baby's situation.
Does Humana pay for flu vaccine?
A health insurance policy from Humana may cover flu shots, but it depends on the specific plan of coverage that you have and whether it includes a preventive medicine component. The only way to know for sure is to contact your insurance customer service representative and ask about your specific plan's benefits.
Most plans do cover some portion of immunizations and the Humana plans for Medicare beneficiaries do cover flu vaccinations.
In addition, some plans will cover the cost of the vaccine but may pay none or only some portion of the costs for the administration of the vaccination (the charges a provider may add to cover the costs of the equipment, like syringes, and the costs of the time the clinician uses to give the flu shot or other form of flu vaccination). There may also be co-payments involved for you to pay even if it is a covered service.
Who invented the H1N1 flu vaccine?
The pandemic H1N1/09 virus was not discovered by one doctor, but was isolated and studied by a team of CDC scientists and WHO scientists along with the Mexican health authorities as a joint effort.
Yes there are and here are the details:
A live vaccine for VZV exists, marketed as Zostavax. In a 2005 study of 38,000 older adults it prevented half the cases of herpes zoster and reduced the number of cases of postherpetic neuralgia by two-thirds. A 2007 study found that the zoster vaccine is likely to be cost-effective in the U.S., projecting an annual savings of $82 to $103 million in healthcare costs with cost-effectiveness ratios ranging from $16,229 to $27,609 per quality-adjusted life year gained. In October 2007 the vaccine was officially recommended in the U.S. for healthy adults aged 60 and over. As of October 2008, a controlled study is underway to evaluate the effectiveness on those aged 50-59. Adults also receive an immune boost from contact with children infected with varicella, a boosting method that prevents about a quarter of herpes zoster cases among unvaccinated adults, but which is becoming less common in the U.S. now that children are routinely vaccinated against varicella.
In the United Kingdom and other parts of Europe, population-based immunization is not practised. The rationale is that, until the entire population could be immunized, adults who have previously contracted VZV would derive benefit from occasional exposure to VZV (from children), which serves as a booster to their immunity to the virus, and may reduce the risk of shingles later on in life. The UK Health Protection Agency states that, while the vaccine is licensed in the UK, there are no plans to introduce it into the routine childhood immunization scheme, although it may be offered to healthcare workers who have no immunity to VZV.
A 2006 study of 243 cases and 483 matched controls found that fresh fruit is associated with a reduced risk of developing shingles: people who consumed less than one serving of fruit a day had a risk three times as great as those who consumed more than three servings, after adjusting for other factors such as total energy intake. For those aged 60 or more, vitamins and vegetable intake had a similar association.
Answered By: Ali Sabah Al-Takmachi, University of Sharjah, College of Medicine
Reference: Herpes zoster. (2009, October 23). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 07:24, October 30, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herpes_zoster&oldid=321644228
How was the first vaccine created?
It was on May 14, 196, that Edward Jenner from Berkely, Gloucestershire, England first atempt to create a vaccine. He extracted the contents of a pustule fro the arm of a cowpox infected milkmaid, Sarah Nelmen, and injected it into the arm of eight-year-old James Phipps. As Jenner expected, immunization or vaccination with the cowpox virus caused only mild symptoms in the boy. When he subsequently inoculated the boy with smalllpox virus, the boy showed no symtomps of disease. The procedure is repeated to many paptients. By 1800 the practice is known as variolationhad began in America and by 1805 Napoleon Bonaparte had oredered all French solders to be vaccinated.
What is the full form of TAB vaccine?
The full form for the TABC vaccine is typhoid A, Typhoid B, and cholera. This might be given to someone traveling to an area with serious sanitation issues.
Why can't a flu shot be given sub q?
Most of the flu vaccines for injection are designed to be given in the muscle tissue. If your injection was given with the wrong length needle and it ended up in the subcutaneous tissue instead of the muscle, it may still provide some immunity. Check with the clinician who gave you the shot, or with your doctor or pharmacist to find out if you will need another vaccination to be fully protected.
There is a new form of flu vaccine that is made to be injected intradermally (within the layers of the skin). It comes with its own micro-injection system that should assure the injection is in the correct tissue. This would be a type that would likely work better than the IM formulation if given subcutaneously, but the vaccines are not intended to be given by that route.
Do you have to get a flu shot?
The outer coating of the flu virus continually changes its shape. The flu vaccine uses a weak form of the virus with a similar shape to the most common types of flu. By the next year, a new type of flu is circulating. If you get a vaccine, it will be for a virus with a different shape. You will have the option of getting a vaccine for the new type of flu.
Does chickenpox vaccine cure chickenpox?
Chickenpox can be prevented . The easiest way to prevent catching chicken pox is to get vaccinated. However, vaccination is only successful in 70% to 90% of all vaccinations. Individuals who have been vaccinated but still acquire chickenpox, usually have a milder disease that heals more quickly than non vaccinated individuals.
Should adults be re-vaccinated for MMR?
MMR is a two-shot series of vaccines usually given during childhood. A child should receive the first shot when he is between 12-15 months, and the second when he's between 4-6 years of age. If you're not sure if you have had the diseases or the vaccines (prior to 1971 it was given in three separate shots), you can get the MMR as an adult.
Is there sulfa in a flu vaccine?
There are traces in some types of flu vaccines in the form of sulfonamides, such as neosporin, gentamicin, and polymixin. If you are allergic to these, you should not take the vaccines that contain these ingredients.
Two of the vaccines are available without these drugs: Fluzone and Flulaval. Ask your physician if these would be safe for you to use.
The ingredients of each type of flu vaccine currently available in the US for the 2012 - 2013 flu season are:
Flulaval:
Thimerosal, α-tocopheryl hydrogen succinate, polysorbate 80, formaldehyde, sodium deoxycholate, ovalbumin
Fluzone: Standard, High-Dose, & Intradermal:
Formaldehyde, octylphenol ethoxylate (Triton X-100), sodium phosphate, gelatin (standard formulation only), thimerosal (multi-dose vial only) , egg protein
Afluria:
Beta-propiolactone, thimerosol (multi-dose vials only), monobasic sodium phosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate, monobasic potassium phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium taurodeoxycholate, neomycin sulfate, polymyxin B, egg protein
Fluarix:
Sodium deoxycholate, formaldehyde, octoxynol-10 (Triton X-100), α-tocopheryl hydrogen succinate, polysorbate 80 (Tween 80), hydrocortisone, gentamicin sulfate, ovalbumin
Fluvirin:
Nonylphenol ethoxylate, thimerosal (multidose vial-trace only in prefilled syringe), polymyxin, neomycin, beta-propiolactone, egg protein
FluMist and FluMist Quadrivalent:
Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), monosodium glutamate, hydrolyzed porcine gelatin, arginine, sucrose, dibasic potassium phosphate, monobasic potassium phosphate, gentamicin sulfate, egg protein
For the 2013-2014 flu season:
In addition to the other ingredients, for the 2013-2014 flu season, the
antigens have been selected by CDC for the US trivalent vaccines for the 2013-2014 flu season, and the vaccine contains the following three viruses:
- Type A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus;
- Type A(H3N2) virus antigenically like the cell-propagated prototype virus known as A/Victoria/361/2011; and,
- Type B/Massachusetts/2/2012-like virus.
It has been recommended that the 2013-2014 quadrivalent vaccines (containing two Type A and two Type B influenza viruses) contain the above three viruses and a Type B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus.
Why do you get a new flu shot every year?
Viruses mutate very quickly. As they move through a population, passing from individual to individual, they change to bypass the immune system defenses and environmental conditions and sometimes they just make random changes from imperfect replications. Many viruses will be almost completely genetically different from their parent or grandparent viruses.
The flu shot we get each year has been developed to contain the three types of currently active flu viruses determined by epidemiologists to be most likely spreading in the next flu season. These are rarely the same viruses year to year because the prior year's viruses have almost always mutated to new forms before they circle around again the following year.
When you get a flu shot, your body reacts and produces antibodies in the blood that fight off those particular flu viruses for life (in some circumstances, but in others the immunity does lessen over time). The problem is that each flu season brings a slightly (or greatly) changed flu virus that the last year's antibodies are usually not very effective in fighting.
More:
The flu vaccine is made based on what scientists think will be the next year's most active flu viruses. If they waited until the first flu cases, there would not be time to produce all the vaccine needed for millions of people. They study what viruses are circulating in other parts of the world to determine scientifically which are the most likely ones to hit during our next flu season. They make a pretty good forecast analysis.
This is also the reason that there is no cure for the common cold: there are 300-some different types of common cold viruses, and each of those can make slight changes (mutations) that make them unable to be recognized as the same by your immune system. Once you have had one of those, you may not ever catch that exact same cold virus again, but the changes and mutations occur often and quickly in the cold viruses, so it is close to impossible for your body to make new antibodies to defend itself against the newest versions or for your previously made antibodies to be close enough to work on the mutated viruses.
Usually they have a cost. But sumtimes clinics offer them for free.
Answer:It depends where you live. Countries with national health care plans provide free vaccinations against a wide range of illnesses including annual and special flu shots.
Is there a vaccine for pneumonia disease?
I was diagnosed as HEPATITIS B carrier in 2013 with fibrosis of the
liver already present. I started on antiviral medications which
reduced the viral load initially. After a couple of years the virus
became resistant. I started on HEPATITIS B Herbal treatment from
ULTIMATE LIFE CLINIC (ww w.ultimatelifeclinic. com) in March, 2020. Their
treatment totally reversed the virus. I did another blood test after
the 6 months long treatment and tested negative to the virus. Amazing
treatment! This treatment is a breakthrough for all HBV carriers.
How long before surgery can you get a flu shot?
You should ask the surgeon to answer that question. The answer could depend on your individual circumstances, such as underlying diseases or disorders, stage of recovery, surgical complications, and healing. It might make no difference at all, but your doctor who knows your medical history should give you that advice.
Why would a person have a vaccination?
Because people are lied to and brainwashed by Big Pharma into believing that vaccines were responsible in the past for reducing deaths from viral infections, and so may reduce viral infections and deaths in the future. Nothing could be further from the truth. It was not vaccines, but improved living standards such as: better hygiene, cleaner drinking water, stricter building codes, and especially, better nutrition, that were responsible for the drop in infectious viral diseases. Even antibiotics did not play as big a part as they are credited for playing in the reduction of deaths from infectious diseases. Vaccines cause injuries, and over 20,000 claims have been filed with the Vaccine Court. According to a study by Harvard, only about 1% of all vaccine injuries are reported, so that would mean there have been over 2 million vaccine injuries since 1988, at the very least. Of all the claims filed, only about 30% are ever decided in the plaintiff's favor. Vaccine injuries include immune disorders such as: allergies, autism, psoriasis, narcolepsy, and hyperthyroidism, to name but a few.
Can person develop hives after receiving the swine flue vaccine?
Hive is a form of allergic reaction, period. What this mean is that anything you are allergic to can be result in hives. So, if you just happened be allergic the the swine flu or any of the ingredients within it, then the hives you have may be the result of the vaccine. It can also be something you're exposed to at around the same time as when you got the vaccine, like new food, soap, detergents, deodorants, ect.
The MMR vaccine was discovered by Maurice Hilleman in the late 1960s at the pharmaceutical company Merck and Co., Inc. In his lifetime he created 36 vaccinations for different things. He is credited with saving more lives than any other scientist in the 20th century.
Which best description how a vaccine works?
Example of how a vaccine works:
Suppose you are going to fight with some people about whom you know nothing, like how strong they are, what kind of weapons they have, what is their usual mode of action, etc. Once you have an initial skirmish with their advance troops, you may feel some loss, but then you will also be aware of their strategies so that, if there is a next time they will try to attack you, it will not be as easy for them. Before they invade you next, you will be well prepared with your own advance system of security, defense and targeted weapons ready to protect yourself from their specific attacks. This is how the vaccination triggers your body to have an immune response...the easily beaten small advance troop represents the vaccine and the skirmish is the immune response/battle.
In this similar way, a vaccination generates a skirmish between your body and a weak form of the microbe, which can not make you sick with the disease, but which can make your body's immune system aware of the type of infection and cells that microbial antigen can make, and the mode of action of its attack. As a result of that analysis of the enemy, your body will produce some cells known as immune cells (antibodies) which can act as the soldiers in the example that have been armed and properly supplied for future attacks by that enemy and stand ready for a potential next battle with those microbes.
For most attacks, your body will always have those same weapons in the arsenal, so that if those specific invaders return in your lifetime, you will still be ready with the stored antibodies.
See the related question below for an explanation of the active artificially-acquired immunity process (immunity through vaccination),
"How do vaccines work?".
Hepatitis B is an intramuscular injection, and needle length should be chosen based on the age and BMI of the patient.
If everyone is vacinated for the flu virus why do I need to get the shot?
Because not everyone is or can be vaccinated. Some people don't get vaccinated by choice and some can not because of medical reasons such as allergies or they may be too young.
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) teleconference archives:
"Only about a third of children aged six to 23 months received influenza vaccine during the 2005-2006 season," Dr. Jeanne Santoli, deputy director of CDC's Immunization Services Division, said during the teleconference. "Among those children, only two-thirds received the two doses of vaccine that they were recommended to receive. That means that only about a fifth of children were protected fully. Last season, 69 percent of people 65 and older reported receiving a flu shot, Santoli said.
"This is far below our national goal for this group which is 90 percent," she said.
"Among younger adults, only 37 percent of those aged 50 to 64 and 31 percent of high-risk adults 18 to 49 (such as those with respiratory problems) reported getting a flu shot," Santoli said. "In addition, only about 40 percent of health-care workers received vaccinations," she noted."
What is the injection site of anti-rabies vaccine in human?
You don't, at least in America. Rabies vaccine must, by law, be administered by a registered vet.
Where does one get a shingles vaccine?
You get chicken pox from a person infected with the virus that causes it, Herpes Zoster. Chickenpox usually occurs on the scalp, face, and torso. That doesn't mean they can't appear elsewhere - I had them on my legs and arms and bottom! After the initial infection, it goes dormant and may never reappear. Some people get recurring attacks when the dormant virus in one or more nerves of their peripheral nervous system becomes active again, and they experience a painful outbreak of blisters called shingles.
Chicken pocks are small pimples that are reddish. If you scratch them the chicken pocks will Itch more.
its called shingles
Chicken Pox is a virus that can get in your body.
You can cactch it by being given it from someone who had it.
Then you get the spots and boom you have chicken pox.
If you don't like this answer then go to the doctor. They'll know.
Well, This is what I was told.
Sorry.
When will there be an H1N1 vaccine?
For H1N1/09, Novel Swine Flu: they began developing the vaccine in the US as soon as the virus was isolated and the epidemics were spreading in April and May 2009. The vaccines were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on September 15, 2009.
Other H1N1 vaccines: these have been developed in the past. One that is well known is the 1976 vaccine that was associated with an increase in Guillain-Barre Syndrome after the administration of the vaccine. It was made an entirely different way than these flu vaccines are made today.
There are also some H1N1 vaccines developed for use by pig farmers for the prevention of the type of H1N1 that is a disease of pigs that people only rarely get when they are in regular close contact with the pigs.
