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Watergate Scandal

The Watergate scandal was Richard Nixon's illegal attempt to gather information about the Democratic party in the 1972 presidential election. It resulted in his resignation in 1974.

423 Questions

What was the smoking gun of the Watergate scandal?

It was a taped conversation between President Nixon and his Chief of Staff Bob Haldeman, recorded a few days after the break-in, but by the time it was released Haldeman had been sacked.

In the recording, Haldeman had been suggesting to get the CIA to halt the FBI's investigations into to the break-in of the Watergate Building, and claim it was part of a national security operation. He warned that the FBI were investigating where the money involved in the scheme was coming from. Nixon agreed to the plan.

"Smoking Gun" is frequently used to describe a conclusive piece of evidence. It comes from a scene in a Sherlock Holmes story, in which Holmes and Watson rushed into the room where a murder had been committed, to find a man standing by the body with a smoking pistol.

How did the Watergate burglary occur?

First a security guard at the Watergate hotel found people breaking into the Democratic Headquarters, located at the hotel and he told the police who arrested them for trespassing. Then Washington Post reporters, Woodward and Bernstein, found out, through the help of an FBI agent, that the White House, was involved in many criminal activities. This led to the resignation of President Nixon, who would have been impeached for covering up illegal activities.

What are Watergate tapes?

The watergate tapes are the series of tapes that was used as the main evidence to impeach Nixon. The tapes were recordings of every conversation Nixon had in his office about the Watergate scandal, they contained evidence that Nixon was trying to cover up his involvement in the scandal.

Who was Richard Nixon's chief of staff during the Watergate scandal?

Nixon's original chief of staff was H.R. Haldeman. He was dismissed during the Watergate scandal, and replaced by Alexander Haig.

What did the Supreme Court rule in the Watergate case?

The Watergate Case was filed as United States v. Nixon,418 US 683 (1974)

The US Supreme Court voted unanimously, 8-0 (Justice Rehnquist recused himself for conflict of interest), to order President Nixon to surrender the Watergate tapes to Special Prosecutor Leon Jaworski. The decision affirmed the District Court ruling upholding the legality of Jaworski's subpoena for the Watergate tapes in the face of Nixon's claim of Executive Privilege.

The Court ordered Nixon to relinquish the tapes, citing the constitutional rights of the six men accused of conspiracy, under the Fifth Amendment Due Process Clause and the Sixth Amendment Confrontation Clause.

Constitutional Argument

In US v. Nixon, then-President Nixon had a collection of secret audio tapes containing conversations deemed relevant to the Watergate investigation. The Special Prosecutor in charge of the investigation, Leon Jaworski, subpoenaed the tapes as evidence of conspiracy between top level government officials and the President. Nixon was labeled an unindicted conspirator, making him a subject of legitimate scrutiny.

President Nixon refused to produce the tapes, claiming he was immune from the subpoena under the doctrine of Executive Privilege, the implied constitutional right of the President to withhold information from the other branches of government (Article II). According to Nixon, the conversations were intra-branch, protected by the Separation of Powers, and non-justiciable (not amenable to resolution by a court) because the court lacked jurisdiction over the communications.

The Supreme Court acknowledged the validity of Executive Privilege in general, but held that it did not provide absolute and unqualified protection, except possibly in the case of military and diplomatic affairs, which were irrelevant to the case. The Court also argued the judiciary had jurisdiction over the matter under Article III because the constitution was not intended to protect the President from legitimate criminal prosecution.

In response to an argument that Special Counsel Leon Jaworski didn't have authority to subpoena the tapes, the Court held that 28 USC Sec 503 made the Attorney General head of the Department of Justice, charged with investigating and prosecuting crimes. Congress provided that the AG could delegate authority to the Special Prosecutor, and that Nixon could not rescind this power.

Further, the fundamental demands of Fifth Amendment Due Process and Sixth Amendment Confrontation of the witness or evidence against the accused superseded President Nixon's Executive Privilege.

What effect did the Watergate scandle have on american society?

He resigned and most Americans got really mad at Ford when he gave Nixon a presidential pardon, meaning that Nixon didn't have to stand trial for his crimes. Also, before watergate, there was no concept that the president would ever lie to the American people or do anything wrong, and Watergate forever changed that.

What decade did the Watergate scandal take place?

1970s. The break-in occurred in 1972; Nixon resigned in 1974.

What were negative impacts after the Watergate scandal?

Unfortunatly not enough. Any one conversant with the KLV Bible could have predicted the likes of it, and there will be more. O! My people those who lead thee cause thee to ERR, and destroy the way of thy paths. [ISAIAH 3:12.] On line KJV http://ebible.org/kjv/kjv.htm The errors of man's leaders; has been damaging to the people; in fact dammaging to the planet itself.

What were the Watergate burglars looking for when they broke into Democratic headquarters?

Although various theories and conflicting testimony was given over the years about the motives for the 2 burglaries, no one was ever proved the actual motive. Possibilities: just to eavesdrop on the DNC chair, to obtain financial records, to try to show Cuba was involved with the DNC, to obtain info they had re Libby.

How did Watergate Committee members first learn about Richard Nixon's tapes?

Alkexander Butterfield, a White House staffer, told the Senate Watergate Committee about the existence of the taping system.

What was the legacy of Watergate?

One of the legacies of the Watergate Scandal is people do not trust the government as much as they did before. It has also led to more transparency on the part of the government.

What was Nixon's goal in the Watergate break-in?

The goal of the Watergate break in was to gain information that might be helpful in the presidential election campaign. After the burglars were caught, the goal was to cover up any connection between them and the re-election committee and then later to impede the investigation of the cover-up.

What was Watergate crisis?

Watergate is the name of a Hotel in Wahington where the famous break in that caused a scandal for President Richard Nixon and resulted in his resignation.

Watergate has become a general term for a series of political scandals, which began with the arrest of five men who broke into the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Washington D.C. office/apartment complex and hotel called the Watergate on June 17, 1972. The attempted cover-up of the break-in ultimately led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon. Investigations conducted by the FBI, Senate Watergate Committee, House Judiciary Committee and the press revealed that this burglary was just one of many illegal activities authorized and carried out by Nixon's staff. They also revealed the immense scope of crimes and abuses, which included campaign fraud, political espionage and sabotage, illegal break-ins, wiretapping on a massive scale, including the wiretapping of the press and regular citizens, and a secret slush fund laundered in Mexico to pay those who conducted these operations.[1] This secret fund was also used as hush money to buy silence of the seven men who were indicted for the June 17 break-in.[2] President Nixon and his staff conspired to cover up the break-in as early as six days after it occurred. [3] After enduring two years of mounting evidence against the President and his staff, which included former staff members testifying against them in a Senate investigation,[4] it was revealed that Nixon had a tape recording system in his offices and that he had recorded many conversations.[5] Undeniable evidence, spoken by Nixon himself and recorded on tape, revealed that he had obstructed justice and attempted to cover up the break-in.[3][6] This recorded conversation later became known as the Smoking Gun. After a series of court battles, the United States Supreme Court unanimously ruled that the President must hand over the tapes; he ultimately complied. With certainty of an impeachment in the House of Representatives and of a conviction in the Senate,[7][8] Nixon resigned ten days later, becoming the only US President to have resigned from office.

What action did congress take after the Watergate scandal?

Congress, actually the Senate, empaneled a committee titled The Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities chaired by Senator Sam Ervin of North Carolina to investigate the activities of the participants in the incident that later became known as the Watergate Scandal. After those hearings, the House of Representatives created a committee chaired by Representative Peter Rodino of New Jersey to draft Articles of Impeachment against President Nixon.

What president started the Watergate scandal?

The Watergate scandal began on 17 June 1972. This was during the term of Richard M. Nixon (1969-1974).

How did Nixon keep the watergate tapes from getting out?

He avoided it at first by keeping it a secret that he had the tapes in the first place. A man named Alex Butterfield released information that president Nixon had tapes he was keeping secret, which is what made president Nixon have to turn them in.

Who took part in the Watergate scandal?

The Watergate scandal was and is still very notorious. The biggest person who was involved in the Watergate scandal was Richard Nixon.

What role did the Washington post play in revealing the Watergate scandal?

'The connection between the break-in and the re-election campaign committee was highlighted by media coverage. In particular, investigative coverage byTime, The New York Times, and especially The Washington Post, fueled focus on the event. The coverage dramatically increased publicity and consequent political repercussions. Relying heavily upon anonymous sources, Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein uncovered information suggesting that knowledge of the break-in, and attempts to cover it up, led deep into the Justice Department, the FBI, the CIA, and even the White House.

Chief among the Post's anonymous sources was an individual they had nicknamed Deep Throat (who was later revealed in 2005 to be former Deputy Director of the FBI William Mark Felt, Sr.) It was the informant 'Deep Throat' who met secretly with Woodward, and told him of Howard Hunt's involvement with the Watergate break-in, and that the rest of the White House staff regarded the stake in Watergate extremely high.


'Deep Throat' also warned Woodward that the FBI wanted to know where he and the other reporters were getting the information which was uncovering even a wider web of crimes than first disclosed. In one of their last meetings, all of which took place at an underground parking garage somewhere in Washington DC at 2:00 AM, Deep Throat cautioned Woodward that he might be followed and not to trust their phone conversations.'

Conclusion: The media played a massive role in almost impeaching one of the most powerful men in the World and most certainly the roles played by 'Post' reporters Woodward and Bernstein were instrumental in forcing President Nixon to resign...

Information taken directly from Wikipedia, see link below.