Evolution

Natural selection (the driving force of evolution) is the selection of genetic variations by how they effect the organism's chances of survival or reproduction. If they diminish it's chances, the organism or it's immediate offspring die and the gene is gone. If the genetic variations increase it's chances, then it survives.

Without genetic variations there can be no evolution. Natural selection is the selection (by environmental pressures) of those variations.

Rather than existing in a hierarchical relationship, monkeys and humans evolved from a common ancestor. In other words, they branched off and evolved separately.

Adaptive raidation is where you have lots of related species in a range of habitats. You often find adaptive raidation on islands or isolated places where you often have an odd mix of organisms eg there are many genera or families missing that you would normally expect....as a result there are often many niches in the environment that are not exploited by these so called "missing" species and so a genus may radiate to adapt and fill these niches.....the original species would have been very much like a finch you would expect on the mainland, but with varied niches and having different food sources available...oh the other major thing would have been compeition for food resources from other finches.....those that had the ability or traits to go for other ( untapped) food sources like harder/larger nuts etc would have survived better

the main factor for the increase of diversity is the environment. in many areas of the world the environment changes rapidly, and because of this animals have to adapt quickly, sometimes change in behaviour. so many animals evolve into something new that will benefit them more in that environment, take finches for example (theory of Charles Darwin), many finches evolved to have different beaks to suit the food they were provided with in the area (Galapagos islands). in some cases animals permanently move from their normal habitat to a new one where the environment is more suitable for them. and that's why there is a diversity in animals.

Famously, a theory very similar to Darwin's Theory of Evolution was arrived at independently by Alfred Russel Wallace about 1854. Their theories were publicly announced at the same conference around 1856 and a dispute was avoided. Darwin had written a manuscript detailing key features of his theory 10 years earlier in 1844. Darwin's theory was much more detailed and well supported than Wallace's even though the basic ideas were similar. Darwin was also influenced by his grandfather Erasmus Darwin and by Thomas Malthus, and was vigorously supported by the biologist Thomas Huxley. (Reference: Science News print edition, Jan. 31, 2009)

A population is always of the same species, but a species may consist of more than one population. Generally, population is defined as a group of organisms of one species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time. Species can be defined in different ways, either by looking at the similarities between organisms, or by looking at the interbreeding frequency (in a situation in which populations were to be put in the same habitat). All in all, species is a useful label for classification, but not so useful for constructing biological models.

That is a good question. In mitosis, you don't get regular genetic variation but chance mutations can occur. In meiosis with fertilization, you get pairing of DNA from different hosts on a regular basis. I would choose the latter.

Any phenotypic trait that increases the fitness of one species over another. This could be anything that allows the species to better compete with another species occupying the same niche, obtain food/resources more efficiently, or stave off predators.

because this is to do with religious reasons. Scientificaly people think there was the big bang theory and humans formed from monkeys. Then religious people beilive god made this world. I don't believe either, i don't know how we came about and i don't really care.

The Beagle

A population will most likely evolve when there is a small population, mutations exists, natural selection may take place, nonrandom mating occurs, and/or gene flow may occur.

Sexual selection, genetic drift, Gene flow, Mutation, and natural selection are five ways a population can evolve.

Sexual selection is natural selection arising through preference by one sex for certain characteristics in individuals of the other sex.

Genetic drift is variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce.

Gene flow is the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another.

Mutation is the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.

Natural selection is the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.

Evolution is the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms. By mutation, genetic drift, gene flow and natural selection.

The word evolution is a noun derived from the verb 'to evolve', which means to change over time. In science, only one type of evolution is given the title evolution in a special sense, where in a scientific context it refers solely to the changing of living organisms, the evolution of living organisms through genetic changes in populations which lead to adaptations which lead to speciation, all over long periods of time. Chemical evolution may sometimes refer to the mishmash of carbon based chains and forming aminoacids in the Precambrian seas prior to true life-formation; abiogenesis.

It is not a special term of 'evolution' as that only occurs in the biological sense. It is therefore an evolution from the sense of the verb 'evolve' which merely unspecifically denotes a change.

reproductive isolation: the gene pools of two populations must become separated for them to become new species. As new species evolve, populations become reproductively isolated from each other.

advantages: letting everyone know that all animals and beings can evolute. without Darwin's theory we would never know that our ancestors were Apes. this is thanks to Darwin and the Finches in his Experiment.

disadvantages:Darwin suffered very bad seasickness. he also overworked himself. lots of strong religious people were against him because of his theory. he also killed lots of animals (especially finches and insects) to do his experiment and to prove he is right.

by Jazz Zhao

His theory of use and disuse was rejected.

1: Plants and animals have multiple offspring.

2: Those offspring will have a random mix of traits inherited from the mother and father. There is also a chance that there will be new random changes (mutations). A mutation is when a gene isn't copied exactly right.

3: Each generation, the healthiest most successful individuals will tend to have the most offspring. Their good genes multiply in the next generation. Weak or unsuccessful individuals have few or no offspring. Their genes disappear when they die.

That's basically it. Evolution is a simple and unavoidable result of those three facts.

Over many generations genes can change due to copying errors. Genes that have negative effects disappear. Genes with good changes survive and multiply, until eventually the whole population has the good gene. Sometimes a population will split. Cats living on grasslands will multiply if they have genes that are good for life on grasslands. Cats living in a forest will multiply if they have genes that are good in a forest. Over many many generations the grassland group and the forest group will have more and more genes that are different from each other. Eventually they look different enough that we give them different names. We might call the cat-like animals on the grasslands "lions", and we might call the cat-like animals in the forest "panthers".

First of all, evolution is a FACT not a theory. You must be referring to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by means of natural selection. There is no denying the fact that evolution happens, scientists just didn't know exactly how it worked until Darwin suggested one plausible scientific explanation which he called natural selection. Natural selection is simply the change in allele frequencies of an organism which results that organism becoming either better or worse suited to survive in its environment. Being better suited to survive means that the organism is more likely to pass on the beneficial genetic trait to it's offspring.

Rather than asking for evidence which helps prove evolution, try looking for verifiable scientific evidence which disproves it. After all, science is not about making claims and looking for evidence to prove them, but rather generating hypothesis and looking for ways to disprove them.

The 6 important patterns of macroevolution are:

1.Mass Extinction

2.Adaptice Radiation

3.Coverage Evolution

4.Coevolution

5.Punctual Equilibrium

6. Changes in development genes

A penguin's vestigial structure is its wings. Penguins have evolved to be flightless, so their wings are no longer used for flying. Instead, they have adapted to use their wings for swimming in the water.

Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between chromatids. This is also known as synapsis, and it occurs during prophase one of meiosis.