Evolution

The numbers in a phylogenetic tree typically represent the amount of genetic (or evolutionary) change that has occurred between the species or groups being compared. These numbers are often expressed as branch lengths, with longer branches indicating greater genetic divergence. The units of these numbers can vary depending on the method used to construct the tree.

The first person on Earth was god he created Adam and Eve and therefore there was jesus. Nobody knows exactly where god came from even if they did for ex. god came from the skies! theres another question behind that where did the skies come from ? ex. the skies came from the big bang theory! but where did the big bang theory come from? so there are lots of questions to be asked but nobody knows for sure right now.We are gonna have to wait and see!!! hope this helped -xoxo_Sm3xy_Sh4wt11_xoxo

The study of the fossil record of human evolution is known as paleoanthropology. Paleoanthropologists examine fossilized remains of early humans and their ancestors to understand the evolutionary history of the human species, including how hominins evolved over time and how they adapted to their environments. This field of study provides valuable insights into the origins and development of our species.

A key concept in the modern theory of evolution is natural selection, which is the process by which individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the accumulation of those advantageous traits in a population over time. This process drives the adaptation of species to their environments and is a fundamental mechanism underlying the diversity of life on Earth.

It is claimed that giraffes' necks have elongated over a (long) period of time so that they can feed on highly-placed tree leaves. But there are antelope that merely stand on their hind legs to achieve the same feat.

When Columbus et al came to America, re-introducing horses to the North American continent, some of those horses got loose (one way or another) and became feral. During the ensuing 500 years, four "environmentally diverse" adaptations have occurred, two of which are described thus:

The horses that escaped to the desert regions grew sparser coats, longer legs, and thinner torsos.

The horses that escaped to the colder, mountainous regions of America grew thicker coats and shorter forelegs, similar to, but not the same as, goats.

An ingroup in biology refers to a group of organisms that share a common ancestry and are closely related to each other. It is used to distinguish organisms that are part of a specific taxonomic group from those that are not.ingroup Evolutionists examine the evolutionary history and relationships of organisms within an ingroup to understand their evolution and biology.

Galileo developed his theories through a combination of experimental observations, mathematical analysis, and critical thinking. He conducted experiments and made precise measurements to understand the motion of objects and the behavior of falling bodies. His observations and calculations challenged existing beliefs and laid the foundation for modern physics.

Yes.

A protein produced by multiple genes are cased by fusion genes.

Usually a protein is translated from a mRNA which is transcribed from a DNA. After transcription, RNA is rearranged by so-called RNA splicing in which some of short sequences are selected(Exon) or deleted(Intron). During the splicing two different genes can join together and it is called trans-splicing.

After trans-splicing, mRNA is translated into a protein, so the protein has two genes. Most cases these fusion genes are oncogenes which cause Cancerous diseases.

To be considered a species, an organism must be able to interbreed and produce viable offspring with other members of the same species. Additionally, they must be reproductively isolated from other species, meaning they do not interbreed with organisms from different species.

A cladogram is a visual tool that displays evolutionary relationships among organisms based on shared characteristics. It helps to classify organisms into groups called clades, which consist of an ancestral species and all its descendants. By analyzing the branching patterns in a cladogram, scientists can determine the evolutionary history and relatedness of different species for classification purposes.

Tiktaalik's fin bones were not connected to its main skeleton, and so could not have supported its weight out of water. And the similarity between species could also reflect common design.

Answer

Isn't the modern mudskipper evidence enough?

Answer

No. Recent discovery of the prints of a four-footed animal that dates in evolutionary terms at 18 million years earlier than Tiktaalik have forced scientists to reconsider their earlier assumption that Tiktaalik represented a missing link.

Answer

Tiktaalik serves as simply another transitional form linking the evolution between two groups of animals, akin to Archaeopteryx. It has become landmark but more work remains to be done. As new fossils are uncovered Tiktaalik will be likely be moved around the evolutionary tree.

The final stage in the evolution of the most massive stars is a supernova explosion, where the star collapses and then rebounds in a powerful explosion. This explosion can lead to the formation of either a neutron star or a black hole, depending on the mass of the collapsing core.

Fish adapt to their environment by having a streamline body to cut through the water, they have gills to help them breathe under water and some fish even use camouflage to disguise themselves underwater.
they have nice slim bodies to dart around in the water and they have gills to help them breath in the water they also have little pads behind their fins to protect them from flying bits of rock because that's the only place were they don't have gills

All organisms are adapted to their environment to a greater or lesser extent. If the abiotic and biotic factors within a habitat are capable of supporting a particular species in one geographic area, then one might assume that the same species would be found in a similar habitat in a similar geographic area, e.g. in Africa and South America. This is not the case. Plant and animal species are discontinuously distributed throughout the world

The Theory of the 42s is a concept stemming from Douglas Adams' "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" series where the number 42 is given as the "Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything." It humorously implies that the answer is not as important as understanding the question itself.

Dr. A.J.E. Cave gave a paper at the International Congress of Zoology in 1958 in which he concluded that a skeleton found in France was not an Neanderthal but was of an elderly human who suffered from arthritis. The implication is that Neanderthals never existed.

World population growth rate in recent times is about 2% per year. Practicable application of growth rate throughout human history would be about half that number. Wars, disease, famine, etc. have wiped out approximately one third of the population on average every 82 years. Starting with eight people, and applying these growth rates since the Flood of Noah's day (about 4500 years ago) would give a total human population at just under six billion people. However, application on an evolutionary time scale runs into major difficulties. Starting with one "couple" just 41,000 years ago would give us a total population of 2 x 1089. 9The universe does not have space to hold so many bodies.

The version of your answer that accurately follows the rules of punctuation is: The cat is sleeping.

Charles Darwin is known as the Father of Evolution for his groundbreaking work on the theory of evolution through natural selection, which he published in his book "On the Origin of Species" in 1859. Darwin's ideas revolutionized the field of biology and greatly influenced our understanding of the diversity of life on Earth.

Survival and reproduction are non-random, with individuals possessing advantageous traits tending to survive and reproduce at higher rates. This leads to the accumulation of beneficial traits in a population over generations.

Individuals within a population have differences.

Evidence of common descent of living organisms has been discovered by scientists researching in a variety of disciplines over many decades, demonstrating that all life on Earth comes from a single ancestor.

The role of mass extinction in evolution. At the most basic level, mass extinctions reduce diversity by killing off specific lineages, and with them, any descendent species they might have given rise to. ... But mass extinction can also play a creative role in evolution, stimulating the growth of other branches.

Convergent evolution, where unrelated organisms independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches. This occurs due to similar selective pressures driving specific adaptations, leading to the development of analogous structures or functions in different lineages.

the formation of species

Systematics: 1. Does not change with change in theory.
2. It deals with classification and evolutionary history.

3. It remains same with time .

Taxonomy: 1. It changes with change in theory.

2. It deals with classification of oraganisms only,yet not evolutionary history.

3. It doesn't remain same with time.