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Ancient Greece
The ancient greek civilization starts around 3200 BC with the Cycladic civilization [followed by the Minoan (2700 BC) and the Mycenean civilization (1600 BC)] and flourished from the 7th century BC to the 2nd century AD, especially in the 5th century BC with the city-states of Athens and Sparta.
10,833 Questions
What is Another name for an old greek market?
Known as an Agora, translated literally as a 'place of assembly'
The center of the Hellenistic world was?
Primarily Alexandria-Egypt, followed by Athens-Attica, Pella-Macedonia, Pergamos-Asia Minor, Seleucia-Mesopotamia, Syracuse-Sicily, Antiochia-Syria.
What kind of government did the mycenaeans have?
The system of government was by kings, who also monopolized priestly functions.
Did the Ancient Greeks eat pizza?
Modern pizza was invented in America. Ancient Greeks ate bread and cheese. They did not have tomatoes.
geometry ~Apex
A polis, or a Greek city-state. had it's own political system and military. Each Greek polis was organized differently. The most popular example of a polis was Athens. The Athenian people elected a leader called an Archon to be the political leader. Athenian men formed an Assembly which was a type of court. The city was centered around the agora, which was a market place and civic center.
Whats similar between ancient Egypt and ancient Greece?
There are many similarities between Ancient Greece and Ancient Egypt. This mostly has to do with the positioning of both countries, they were quite close and so trading was easy between them.
Both ancient civilizations are well known for their numerous gods. The number and spread of these gods relate to the harsh conditions of both countries. The land in Egypt is only livable through the Nile which burst its banks each year and deposited silt in which the ancient Egyptians grew their crops. In Greece the land is mountainous and rocky, thus being hard to cultivate.
The isolation of the towns or city states from one another creates the numerous amounts of gods. Many of the gods across Greece and Egypt will have different names but similar characteristics. Each town also had its own deity (Egypt) or patron god (Greece).
Another similarity between the two cultures is their religious architecture. Both cultures obviously took great care and pride in providing their land and gods with beautiful temples (The Parthenon or temple at Karnak) made from expensive resources and refurbished for the glory of the gods by new rulers.
Though ancient Greeks show no difference between state and secular (government) the ancient Egyptians were more spiritual. In ancient Greek culture there were exceptional philosophers which thought that the gods did not exist and it was common place to believe the gods evil and spiteful.
However, in ancient Egypt the gods were all powerful and for the most part, helpful to man kind. Even their views on the afterlife, a continuation of the happy times you spent on Earth lived through your ka (soul) in the underworld is more optimistic then the Greeks view of torture and nothingness in Hades (the underworld).
Both societies had strong social structures, though the ancient Egyptians weren't as misogynous (hater of women) as the ancient Greeks who thought that women were a punishment sent from Zeus (Pandora).
The two cultures also have similar versions or stories of the creation of the world. In ancient Egypt the world began with Nun, the primal ocean of chaos that contained the beginnings of everything to come. From these waters came Ra who, by himself, gave birth to Shu and Tefnut. Shu, the god of air, and Tefnut, the goddess of moisture gave birth to Geb and Nut, the earth god and the sky goddess. And so the physical universe was created. Men were created from Ra's tears. They proved to be ungrateful so Ra, and a council of gods, decided they should be destroyed. Re created Sekhmet to do the job. She was very efficient and slaughtered all but a few humans, when Ra relented and tricked her into stopping. Thus was the present world created.
Against Ra's orders, Geb and Nut married. Ra was incensed and ordered Shu to separate them, which he did. But Nut was already pregnant, although unable to give birth as Ra had decreed she could not give birth in any month of any year. Thoth, the god of learning, decided to help her and gambling with the moon for extra light, was able to add five extra days to the 360-day calendar. On those five days Nut gave birth to Osiris, Horus the Elder, Set, Isis, and Nephthys successively. Osiris became the symbol of good, while Set became the symbol of evil. And thus the two poles of morality were fixed once and for all.
In ancient Greek religion there was also Kaos, this time, an amorphous, gaping void encompassing the entire universe, and surrounded by an unending stream of water ruled by the god Oceanus, was the domain of a goddess named Eurynome, which means "far-ruling" or "wide-wandering."
She was the Goddess of All Things, and desired to make order out of the Chaos. By coupling with a huge and powerful snake, Ophion, or as some legends say, coupling with the North Wind, she gave birth to Eros, god of Love, also known as Protagonus, the "firstborn."
Eurynome separated the sky from the sea by dancing on the waves of Oceanus. In this manner, she created great lands upon which she might wander, a veritable universe, populating it with exotic creatures such as nymphs, Furies, and Charities, as well as with countless beasts and monsters.
Also born out of Chaos were Gaia, called Earth, or Mother Earth, and Uranus, the embodiment of the Sky and the Heavens, as well as Tartarus, god of the sunless and terrible region beneath Gaia, the Earth.
Gaia and Uranus married and gave birth to the Titans, a race of formidable giants, which included a particularly wily giant named Cronus.
In what has become one of the recurrent themes of Greek Mythology, Gaia and Uranus warned Cronus that a son of his would one day overpower him. Cronus therefore swallowed his numerous children by his wife Rhea, to keep that forecast from taking place.
This angered Gaia greatly, so when the youngest son, Zeus, was born, Gaia took a stone, wrapped it in swaddling clothes and offered it to Cronus to swallow. This satisfied Cronus, and Gaia was able to spirit the baby Zeus away to be raised in Crete, far from his grasping father.
In due course, Zeus grew up, came homeward, and into immediate conflict with the tyrant Cronus, who did not know that this newcomer was his own son. Zeus needed his brothers and sisters help in slaying the tyrant, and Metis, Zeus's first wife, found a way of administering an emetic to Cronus, who then threw up his five previous children, who were Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades and Poseidon. Together they went to battle against their father. The results were that all of his children, led by Zeus, vanquished Cronus forever into Tartarus' domain, the Dark World under the Earth.
Thus, Zeus triumphed over not only his father, and his father's family of Giants, he triumphed over his brothers and sisters as well, dividing up the universe as he fancied, in short, bringing order out of Chaos.
Some obvious differences between the two cultures deprives from positioning. While Egypt is along the River Nile (the Egyptian god being Hapi / Hapy) and therefor where not prone to attack and had more time to grow culturally whereas Greece, being situated in the Mediterranean, was constantly in warfare. Either with other countries or within the city states (Athenians vs. Spartans). This constant warfare created a culture that was centrally war focused.
Despite this ancient Greek cultures were also masterful at art (especially Athens) and the ancient Egyptians were skillful warriors.
Another huge difference is the pyramids in Egypt, the most famous of these being in Giza. 'The Great Pyramid' was made be Cheops (Khufu), the middle or slightly smaller was made by Khafre and the smallest and last built in Giza for Menakaure. Whist both cultures built awe inspiring temples only the ancient Egyptians built pyramids, ancient tombs for the pharaoh and his (favorite) queen.
While both cultures lived perilous lives and dealt with the problems that (the gods) presented them, they each had a unique way of living. The ancient Greeks choose to blame everything on the gods (three fates: Clotho, Lachises and Atropos) while the Egyptians lived with free will but could not get into the afterlife if they were unmoral. Both societies had strong moral beliefs including: no stealing, adultery, murder etc. These morals are still seen used today in modern (used) religion. Both cultures were skilled warriors and artisans, their work still displayed today.
What are facts about ancient greek Olympics?
A religious belief system is a person's foundation of thought held and actively practised as their world view; based upon the belief of a supreme being of revelation, not of human manipulation. It governs one's personal behaviors and thoughts, regardless of consequences; it has as its overarching aim to reveal to the holder and those with whom they interact, with what the Creator God's (big G intended) vision is in human personal behavior within all things philosophical, physiological, mental, emotional, political, cultural, and relationally. To define one's thoughts, positions, values, and character as a disciple or follower of their worldview is the proof of such a system. It is not a coat or cover of connivance, but a belief not to be removed, compromised, or devalued, when even personal demands or needs, cultural reasoning, or norms appear or seems to appear as sound and suitable. but in opposition to one's religious belief system. A religious belief system directs all things in one's life, without subjection to the human need to always be happy, or live completely and continuously in some state of joy. A religious belief system requires by its very exist, personal sacrifice.
What kind of stove did people use Colonial Times?
Medieval people cooked with pots or on spits over fires. Usually, these were outdoors, unless the weather was bad. During bad weather, peasants cooked over open fires in the middle of their floors, which were usually made of dirt. Other floors required the use of braziers. Smoke was vented through holes in roofs. Kitchens had large windows for ventilation.
They baked using ovens that were vented directly into the air, without a chimney. The masonry ovens were often built to be used by an entire community, and could be rented for a fee.
There are reference links below.
Which ancient people had the earliest form of federal government?
Romans had a democracy while other countries were still living with kings and queens.
What were accomplishments of the Hellenistic period?
Because they had defeated the wealthy Persian empire, Alexander and his successors had ample amounts of wealth to spend lavishly on building projects and the arts. The Ptolemies, for example, built a huge library in Alexandria with the modest aim of gathering all the known books in the world. Attached to the library was a museum (the term which is still used today literally means "place of the muses"), where scholars would produce encyclopedias of knowledge. Tremendous achievements during this period were also made in the areas of science and art: Aristarchus of Samos put forth the theory that they earth revolves around the sun and rotates daily on its own axis; in Alexandria, Euclid summed up all the geometric knowledge of his age in the form of a textbook (a work that is still referred to to this day); Archimedes of Syracuse worked out many important theorems in mathematics. In the arts, sculpture became more realistic. Whereas sculptors during the classical period aimed at portraying an idealized version of human beings---typically with features portraying little emotion --- Hellenistic sculptors aimed at more naturalistic depictions. Female nudes and busts of ordinary, less than perfect, people also become quite common during this period.
Where did the Greek gods sit on Olympus?
i dont know what you mean by in order but here are all of them in greek and roman. the 12 greek gods are: zues(jupiter), hephaestus(vulcan), artemis(diana), dionysus(bacchus), poseidon(neptune), demeter(ceres), hermes(mercury), apollo(apollo), aphordite(venus), ares(mars), & hera(juno). key:greek vs. (roman) other: hades(pluto), eros(cupid)
How was life in Greece at the ancient times?
Life in ancient Greece depended largely on your gender and socioeconomic class. Greek society was very male dominated--only men could be citizens and enjoy a full education. Women were expected to stay in the home and raise their families.
Slavery was also central to Greek life. Up to a quarter of the population were slaves, and they provided much of the physical labor that spurred the economy. They mostly served in Greece's shipyards, mines, and quaries, as well as in the homes of wealthier families.
What rights did men have in ancient Rome?
They were in charge of the family household.
Had power over wives, daughters and children
Could punish property if his (wives, children) however he wanted.
Duty to lead in family prayers.
Men could legally beat their wives.
Could choose to raise their babies or let them die.
Could be Emperor.
I addition to the domestic rights stated above, men could also vote, run for public office and join or lead an army. They also had an obligation or "munus" to the state which is to do a public duty or service. If they got in trouble, they had the right to a trial by jury, the right of appeal, and if sentenced to death, the right to be executed quickly, by beheading. These rights were in addition to the other rights of Roman citizenship.
How did ancient Greece expand their territory?
The city-states of mainland Greece each had their area of agricultural land around them. Their need to expand was based on the increasing population which even their continuous wars could not control. So when a city became overpopulated - that is more people than its agricultural land could sustain, the surplus was loaded on a ship and sent of to form a new city elsewhere. Usually those selected were mainly from the non-propertied class, so these had the chance to become landholders abroad. It was also a way of getting rid of political troublemakers to lead the colonising expedition. They partly-displaced other peoples already living there.
In this way hundreds of Greek cities sprang up right around the Mediterranean, from today's Spain and France, Sicily, southern Italy, North Africa, Asia Minor and around the Black Sea. These colony-cities were expected to pay some loyalty to their mother-cities, however this sometimes broke down and ended in hostility.
How did the Olympics of ancient Greece start and when?
The first Olympic Games were held in 776 BC. They Began as a religious festival of the god Zeus and were held every 4 years. They were held in a valley of Ancient Greece called Olympia. That is how they came to be called the Olympics. The only event held was a foot race, they raced the length of the stadium. Later a nine mile chariot race was added. And a lot more people were interested in that than a foot race.
Why were the Romans more successful than the Greeks?
The Romans had the advantage over much of Europe that they had a milder climate. They also had trade with other Mediterranean countries, so they were quite wealthy.
The Romans were brilliant artists and were one of the most advanced societies in the world during their empire days.
Their armies were capable of taking down almost any opponent. The standard weapons of a Roman soldier were a gladius and a pilum. A gladius was a short sword that was lighter and easier to manouevre than their opponents' bigger swords. A pilum was a type of spear that was brilliantly crafted so that a Roman soldier could stab it through the shield of an enemy, but the enemy could keep pulling on his shield while the Roman held onto the pilum, and the pilum couldn't be pulled out by him. The enemy soldier would then typically toss his shield down, which allowed the Roman to finish him off with his gladius.
The Roman Empire was Europe's original empire, and its artistic and cultural legacy exists to this day.
SPQR
How many years ago did greeks's live?
Greek peoples, cousins of the Italian peoples, moved into eastern Europe in the early second millennium BCE and spread progressively around the Mediterranean, Adriatic, Aegean and Black Seas.
They formed city-states - cities with defensive walls, with farming country attached. They lived on the land or in the city according to their occupation. Some of these widely dispersed cities lasted in some form until the present day, where there are identifiable Greek ethnics in many countries other than modern Greece.
Why did ancient Greece celebrate Olympics?
Sports promoted fitness and stamina and a desire to achieve greatness, and so were of social benefit. They were held in Greek cities as a part of religious festivals to honour the gods. Some were much more widely attended than others, gaining inter-city repute throughout the Greek world, and came to deliver financial and prestige benefits. The most prominent were the Olympic Games at Olympia in honour of Zeus, others were the Isthmian Games, Nemean Games, Pythian Games.
What is the duty of an older Athenian man?
To provide for himself and family, serve in the army, and give due honour to the gods.
Some 100 kilometers slightly to the south-west of Athens. For a proper view, go to Google Maps and enter 'Mycene' in the search box.
Why is it called classical era?
There was a time when the intellectual achievements (in literature, sculpture, and mathematics) of the classical era seemed to be the pinnacle of human accomplishment, never to be equaled. However, while those achievements remain remarkable to this day, they have since been surpassed. We still describe that period as classical, out of respect for its amazing accomplishments.
The ancient Greeks fit this description quite well.
