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Astrophysics

Astrophysics is the scientific discipline concerned with the events that are taking place on the grandest of stages; the universe. Questions about the formation and evolution of the planets, solar systems, stars, and galaxies found within the universe, as well as questions regarding black holes, cosmic rays, particle and nuclear astrophysics, nucleosynthesis, and magnetohydrodynamics should be directed here.

1,304 Questions

Does the black hole contains water?

No. Matter gets torn apart as it approaches a black hole. The mass itself is a singularity, which has no volume. It is debatable whether or not this can een be considered matter.

What is a black hole and can you travel through time by it?

The Internet is your friend.

From the Wormhole FAQ at www.webfilesuci.org/wormholeFAQ.html :

What is a black hole?

A region of intense gravitation characterized by a central point or ring of infinite energy density called a "singularity" and an enveloping surface called an "event horizon" from which nothing - not even light - can escape.

How are wormholes related to black holes?

Unlike a wormhole, a naturally occurring black hole -- one created through stellar collapse -- is not a bridge between two universes (or distant regions within the same universe). There nevertheless exist certain solutions to the Einstein equations of general relativity in which a bridge between universes - a wormhole -- appears to have a black hole at either end. This is the sense in which certain theoretically possible black holes can be said to be wormholes.

Can a traversable wormhole be used as a time machine?

Yes.

How can a traversable wormhole be turned into a time machine?

Keep one of the mouths stationary. Move the other mouth -- at speeds approaching that of light -- away from the stationary mouth for a distance of a few light years. Then return it to the vicinity of the stationary mouth. Anyone who now enters the stationary mouth will be transported years into the future. Those entering the other mouth will find themselves transported years into the past. For shorter time jumps, shorten the journey of the traveling mouth.

Is there another way to turn a traversable wormhole into a time machine?

Yes. Leave one mouth, Mouth A, in a weak (or virtually nonexistent) gravitational field. Move the other mouth, Mouth B, into a strong gravitational field, such as that near the event horizon of a black hole. Wait. Now move Mouth B from the strong gravitational field and return it to the vicinity of Mouth A. Anyone now entering Mouth A will emerge from Mouth B into the past. Anyone entering Mouth B will emerge from Mouth A into the future. For longer time jumps, wait a longer time before removing Mouth B from the strong gravitational field. Alternatively, initially move Mouth B into an even stronger gravitational field. To have an ever growing time jump, leave Mouth B in the strong gravitational field.

What is the use of astrophysics?

An astrophysicist is a scientist who researches the principles of light, motion, and natural forces as they pertain to the universe at large. He or she engages in theoretical physics studies in an attempt to learn more about the underlying properties of the cosmos. Many astrophysicists specialize in studying a particular phenomenon or theory, such as black holes, the development and extinction of stars, relativity and motion, or the origin of the universe.

How can both Leonard Susskind and Steven Hawking be correct at the same time concerning energy loss or elimination in a Black Hole?

You will need to learn a great deal more of mathematics for this question to be answered.

Competing theories for difficult questions are the life blood of science. Often parts of both are correct.

As yet there is no definitive solution.

On what dates is the angle of assention of the sun at its zenith as viewed from Austin TX closest to the angle of assention of the sun at its zenith on the summer solstice as viewed from New York?

The sun is never straight overhead at either of these two locations, as their latitude is greater than 23.5 degrees north.

Austin, Texas, is about 30.25 degrees north, so the sun will be 30.25 - 23.50 = 6.75 degrees off directly overhead, or 83.25 degrees above the southern horizon at noon on the summer solstice.

New York is about 40.75 degrees north, so the sun will be 40.75 - 23.50 = 17.25 degrees off directly overhead, or 72.75 degrees above the southern horizon at noon on the summer solstice.

Why does string theory imply that 11 dimensions exist?

If one does the mathematics (which are *WAY* beyond the math level of even most scientists), one finds that string theory works only if one assumes the vibrations are aking place in eleven dimensions. Choose another assumption and the mathematics falls apart. Or, more exactly, the mathe eventually leads to falsehoods.

It is SOMETHING like this: if one assumes that there are ten dimensions in string theory, you end up with 1 = 0

Only if you assume that there are eleven dimensions does one get 1 = 1

How easy is it to destroy an astroyd?

Destroying an asteroid is a complex and challenging task that would require careful planning and precise execution. Several potential methods for asteroid deflection or destruction have been proposed, including using nuclear explosives, kinetic impactors, or gravitational tractors. The difficulty of destroying an asteroid would depend on its size, composition, and trajectory.

How is it possible for a black hole to suck in light which has no mass?

A photon is classed as a 'massless' particle. However as mass and energy are aspects of the same thing it has mass by virtue its energy content.

It is not a simple and easily explained subject. It is necessary to learn some rather difficult mathematics.

What did the black hole swallow?

Black holes can swallow anything that comes within their gravitational pull, including light and other celestial objects like stars and planets. Once an object crosses the event horizon of a black hole, it is consumed and cannot escape.

What is the temperature of the gas in the dark dust clouds and why is this important to molecule formation?

The temperature of the gas in dark dust clouds is typically very low, around 10-20 Kelvin. This low temperature is important for molecule formation because it allows atoms to move slowly and come together to form molecules through chemical reactions. In higher temperature environments, atoms move too quickly to successfully bond and form molecules.

Do cosmic rays deplete the ozone layer?

Cosmic rays do not significantly deplete the ozone layer. The primary factor responsible for ozone depletion is human-produced chemicals like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons, which break down ozone molecules in the stratosphere. Cosmic rays can influence atmospheric chemistry but are not a major driver of ozone depletion.

Who is enunciated the principalof 'Black Hole'?

The idea of a black hole was first enunciated by physicist John Michell in a letter published in 1783. Later, the term "black hole" was coined by physicist John Archibald Wheeler in 1967.

What is special about barnard's star?

Barnard's Star is the closest single star to the Sun, located about 6 light-years away in the constellation of Ophiuchus. It is a red dwarf star with a relatively high proper motion, making it one of the fastest-moving stars in the sky. It also hosts a high-probability exoplanet candidate, Barnard's Star b, which was discovered in 2018.

What is the farthest distance from the planet a human ever reached?

The farthest distance a human has ever reached from Earth is to the Moon, which is approximately 238,900 miles (384,400 kilometers) away. This was achieved during the Apollo missions conducted by NASA in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

How are super-massive black-holes in the center of galaxies?

millions of black holes are in all of the galaxies, and in the center of all large galaxies is an enormous black hole that makes all the stars go around it. the power was a million times greater 350 years ago. this cycle will repeat over again.

Scientists have come to believe that there is very probably a supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way, and that there may be supermassive black holes at the centers of many galaxies.

What is stronger sun or black hole in space?

A black hole is much stronger than the sun in terms of its gravitational pull. Black holes have a gravitational force so strong that not even light can escape from them, while the sun's gravity is much weaker in comparison.

How do black holes destroy things?

Black holes were found not to be eternal prisons due to the fact that slowly, as time goes by, they expel tiny bits of matter called Hawking Radiation. The bigger the black hole is, the slower the leak, and the black hole evaporates just a little. But as millions of years go by, the leak becomes greater, and the rate of evaporation speeds up. Finally, when a black hole is finally no more, it creates a massive explosion of radiation brighter than a supernova(when a star dies and blows up). The spacetime(the 3 dimensional bendable grid that shapes and projects gravity across space)around the area of where the black hole was is no longer warped.


I hope this answers your question!

How is gravitational constant calculated?

The gravitational constant mentioned by Newton was measured at the end of the 18th century by Henry Cavendish (in the Cavendish experiment), using a torsion balance or pendulum designed by Mitchell which measured the force between suspended lead balls, which twisted (or applied torque) to a bar, the magnitude of which is proportional to the force applied. His intent was to detemine the specific gravity of the earth, but his notes indicate a value for G which differs by only about 1% from the value accepted today.

What are cosmic numbers?

Cosmic numbers are rare mathematical constants that appear to be related to fundamental physical constants in the universe. They are believed to have important connections to the structure and behavior of the cosmos, although their significance is still not fully understood. Examples include values like the fine structure constant and the proton-to-electron mass ratio.

Why can't you survive a black hole?

Past the event horizon of a black hole there is no escape. The reason for this is more complicated than "a black holes gravity is simply too great". This is certainly true, but the effect of such a large mass is to warp space-time so completely that, once past the event horizon, there is literally no path you can take that leads away from the black hole. No matter what direction you point it will appear that you are pointing toward the singularity.

This, in fact, is the definition of the event horizon: past it there literally is no path that leads you back out again.

How heavy do the star cause black hole?

When a stellar remnant is over about 3 to 4 times the mass of the sun (see Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit) it is estimated to have insufficient outward pressure to resist gravitational collapse into a black hole. Note that larger stars would often explode into a supernova or become a planetary nebula, losing most of their mass this way first - perhaps over 75 percent - and thus the original star's mass needed to have a remnant heavy enough to collapse in a black hole would be much heavier than 3 times solar mass.

What is the definition of a stellar black hole?

A stellar black hole would be the remnant or end product of the normal sequence of evolution of a star; the word 'stellar,' which simply means "pertaining to a star," disambiguates the type of black hole from those that might have been created through other processes, for example, primordial black holes thought to have been created in the early universe, or highly energetic particle collisions, etc. A stellar black hole is thus a black hole created when a massive star has exhausted its fuel and collapsed under its own gravity overcoming all outward forces which might resist collapse.

Does planet mercury have oxygen?

Mercury has almost no atmosphere at all, being too small and too hot to retain one. Trace amounts of molecular oxygen are present in a tenuous exosphere, and of course oxygen is bound in molecules on its surface rock and icy regions.

Is a white hole just as dangerous as a black hole?

White holes are theoretical objects that are the opposite of black holes, expelling matter instead of absorbing it. They are not considered to be dangerous like black holes, as they do not have the same gravitational pull or ability to trap objects with their intense gravitational force. White holes are not thought to exist in our universe.

What are the main things that make up universe?

The main components of the universe are matter (including atoms and particles), energy, and the fabric of spacetime. These elements interact and give rise to everything we observe in the universe, including galaxies, stars, planets, and living organisms. Additionally, dark matter and dark energy are believed to make up a significant portion of the universe, even though they cannot be directly observed.