Astrophysics

Well black holes have an emmense gravitational pull which would be the main relation between the two infact black holes are so powerfuly related to gravity that not even light (the fastest object in the universe) can escape it!

The most widely accepted cosmological model of the universe's beginning is the Big Bang theory. This theory posits that the universe began as a singularity around 13.8 billion years ago, expanding and evolving into the vast, complex cosmos we observe today.

A primordial black hole would need to have an initial mass of about 2.2 x 10^11 kilograms in order to be just disappearing now due to Hawking radiation. This is based on the time it takes for a black hole to evaporate completely through Hawking radiation, which is about 2.1 x 10^66 years for a black hole of this mass.

While black holes can have a significant influence on their surrounding galaxies through their gravitational pull, a single black hole alone is not likely to collapse an entire galaxy. Galaxies are massive structures with billions of stars and other components that collectively contribute to their stability. However, interactions between supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies and the surrounding material can affect the evolution of galaxies over long timescales.

The main sequence on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram represents the stage in a star's life when it is undergoing nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core. Stars spend the majority of their lifetime on the main sequence, where they maintain a stable balance between inward gravitational pressure and outward radiation pressure. The main sequence runs diagonally from high temperature, high luminosity stars (top left) to lower temperature, lower luminosity stars (bottom right).

If the sun suddenly became a black hole ... without any change in its mass ... then,

first of all, we wouldn't know about it for about 8 minutes. After that time passed,

the daytime side of the Earth would suddenly go dark, and wherever the moon

happened to be at the time, it would also disappear from view, since there would

no longer be any light shining on it. Similarly, anybody watching any of the planets

or asteroids at the time would see them disappear from view one at a time ... the

nearer ones first, then the farther ones. After that, nothing much would change

for a while ... it would just stay dark everywhere on Earth. But after a short time,

we would begin to notice that it was definitely getting chilly, and that would be the

thing that would pretty much tell us that 'this is it'. We might prolong the agony for

a while by staying inside shelter and burning our fuel supply for heat and light, but

that couldn't last very long. With no sunlight to grow any food or to maintain a

survivable environment, it would be 'curtains' sooner or later.

If you expected some gory description of getting sucked into the hole and dying,

there's no reason to think that. The black hole has some mass, just like it had

when it was a shining star. The Earth is still in orbit around it, and there's no

reason for any of that to change. Black holes don't reach out and grab things.

1. Marie Curie (Poland/France) - discovered radium and polonium.
2. Dmitri Mendeleev (Russia) - created the periodic table of elements.
3. Linus Pauling (USA) - worked on the nature of the chemical bond.
4. Robert H. Grubbs (USA) - developed the metathesis method in organic synthesis.
5. Ada Yonath (Israel) - studied the structure of ribosomes and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
6. Ahmed Zewail (Egypt/USA) - pioneered femtosecond spectroscopy.
7. Gertrude B. Elion (USA) - developed drugs for leukaemia and malaria treatment.
8. Frederick Sanger (UK) - developed methods for sequencing proteins and DNA.
9. Paul Lauterbur (USA) - developed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
10. Tomas Lindahl (Sweden) - contributed to DNA repair mechanisms.

The answer is more complicated than a mere 'yes' or 'no'. Dr. Stephen Hawking predicted that black holes emit a certain amount of thermal radiation (this became known as Hawking radiation). According to his predictions, the amount of radiation emitted by a particular black hole is inversely proportional to its mass. If he is correct, it means that there is a critical point where the mass of the black hole results in Hawking radiation emissions of a 'temperature' equal to that of the cosmic microwave background, approximately 2.7K (you can think of this as the temperature of space). Any larger, and even the cosmic microwave background serves to feed the black hole. Any smaller, and it will eventually evaporate.

The exact mass needed for such an occurance (the 'critical mass') is not something that can be easily written down. It varies, somewhat, based on the type of black hole. That said, any black holes of mass equal to, or less than, that of the Moon could generally be expected to evaporate over time.

All of this is speculation, however. Any black hole of sufficient mass to remain stable over time will emit so little radiation that it will be indistinguishable from the cosmic microwave background. Only a short lived black hole could be observed in such a manner, and we have yet to observe any.

Most physicists are convinced they do exist. The Laser Interferometer Gravity Wave Observatories (LIGO) were built to detect gravity waves from colliding neutron stars, supernova, and other space-time fabric disturbing events.

The distance between Earth and a black hole can vary widely depending on the specific black hole in question. Black holes can be located within our own galaxy or in distant galaxies, making the distance range from thousands to millions of light years away.

No, based on our current understanding of physics, a spacecraft would not survive traveling through a black hole. The intense gravitational forces would stretch and compress the spacecraft to the point of destruction.

Black holes can evaporate over time through a process called Hawking radiation, predicted by Stephen Hawking. This occurs when black holes lose mass due to quantum effects near the event horizon, eventually causing them to evaporate completely. However, this process is extremely slow and for all practical purposes, black holes can be considered very long-lived structures in the universe.

They spotted a bunch of stars orbiting around in the center at crazy speeds around what appears to be nothing but the only thing that could have that much mass to swing those stars around like moons would have to be insanely dense which could only be justified by being a super massive black hole

You can't see it because a black hole is invisable unless it is devouring a star or planet. The one way scientist can find one is that they detect very high levels of radiation. An extremely good place to look is at the centers of galaxies. It appears that every galaxy has a black hole at its center.

Mostly, the study of black holes is consequential to General Relativity. Black holes were described theoretically before evidence for their existence was collected from astronomical observations. The philosopher and geologist John Michell in the late 18th century described what would happen to infalling matter approaching a body of a certain mass where it had sufficient acceleration from gravity to cause the falling object to approach the speed of light, and proposing the idea that light theoretically emitted by it would be unable to escape; but it wasn't until Einstein's General theory of Relativity (1915) that the framework of gravitation was in place and the reality of black holes could be described mathematically. Building upon Einstein's work, the effect of gravity on light was much better understood and solutions to his field equations yielded much more accurate models of black holes' properties and strong theoretical evidence for their existence. Observational evidence came later, and because black holes cannot emit light, the evidence was indirect, in the form of certain x-ray sources, relativistic jets, quasars or galactic nuclei, and orbital motion of massive bodies. Credit for discovery of the first strong black hole candidate in an x-ray binary system (Cygnus X-1) goes to Bolton, Murdin, and Webster in 1972.

The supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy, Sagittarius A*, is roughly 26,000 light-years away from Earth and poses no immediate threat to our planet. Its gravitational effects on Earth are negligible. Earth is not expected to be swallowed by the black hole in the foreseeable future.

It depends on the mass of the black hole. and what you are fitting the Earths into. Supermassive black holes range from about 1 million to 12 billion times the mass of the sun (330 billion to 4 quadrillion Earth masses). The mass of any black hole is contained in a singularity that has zero volume. The radius of the event horizon is directly proportional to the mass and so the volume is proportional to the cube of the mass.

A 1 million solar mass black hole would have an event horizon about 5.9 million kilometers (3.6 million miles) in diameter or with a volume of 200 quintillion cubic miles. Such a volume would fit about 100 million Earths

The black hole at the center of our galaxy is 4 million solar masses, which would fit about 6.4 billion Earths.

A 12 billion solar mass black hole would fit about 1.7 quintillion Earth volumes in its event horizon.

A good black hole candidate is typically a region in space where high-energy astrophysical phenomena are observed, such as X-ray emissions or gravitational lensing effects, without a visible source of light. This can indicate the presence of a compact and extremely massive object that is likely a black hole.

No, a black hole definitely does not have infinite mass. In some mathematical models, there is an object called a singularity, inside a black hole, which has infinite density. That is not the same as infinite mass. If a finite mass is contained in zero volume, then the density becomes infinite. We do not have any real confirmation that such a thing as a singularity or an infinite density actually exist, but they may.

The major axis of an elliptical orbit is also known as an apse line.

A space warp, often theorized in science fiction, is a hypothetical distortion in spacetime that would allow for faster-than-light travel or shortcuts through space. The concept is not currently supported by scientific evidence or technology.

The factor that determines whether a neutron star or a black hole forms after a supernova explosion is the mass of the collapsing core of the star. If the core's mass is between about 1.4 and 3 times the mass of the sun, a neutron star is formed. If the core's mass exceeds about 3 solar masses, a black hole is likely to form.

The Fibonacci sequence itself does not have a direct application in astrophysics. However, patterns based on numbers related to the Fibonacci sequence, such as the golden ratio, can appear in naturally occurring phenomena in astrophysics, like the spiral formations in galaxies or the distribution of spiral arms in various structures.

The radius of the event horizon of a black hole can be approximated by its Schwarzschild radius which is given by the formula r=2GM/(c^2) where G is Newton's gravitational constant, M is the object's mass, and c is the speed of light. Standard units for mass and speed are kilograms and meters per second respectively, yielding a radius in meters. For a 7 solar mass black hole the Scwarzschild radius would be about 20.67 kilometers. So the event horizon would be about 40.34 kilometers across.