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Chemical Engineering

Chemical Engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the technology of large-scale chemical production and the manufacture of products through chemical processes. Today, the field of chemical engineering is a diverse one, covering areas from biotechnology and nanotechnology to mineral processing.

1,464 Questions

Why do you inject oxygen scavenger in boiler feed water?

Oxygen is a highly reactive gaseous element. In the presence of steel, the corrosion rate of oxygen doubles for each 30°F rise in temperature. For example, in a boiler system operating at 400 psig and 444°F, the corrosion rate for oxygen is 256 times more reactive than at room temperature.

Sodium sulfite is a highly effective oxygen scavenger

Erythorbate, Diethyl hydroxylamine, Methyl Ethyl Ketoxime, Carbohydrazide and Hydroquinone are other alternatives.

What is uniformity coefficient?

The measure of variation in particle sizes of filter and ion exchange media. The coefficient is defined as the the ratio of the sieve size that will permit passage of 60% of the media by weight to the sieve sieve size that will permit passage of 10% of the media material by weight.

What is meant by straight run gasoline?

From the Crude Splitter Column top tray, gasoline in vapor form is condensed in the condenser overhead vessel. The gasoline product from the vessel is sent to the gasoline stripper column. The bottom product of this gasoline stripper column is termed SR Gasoline.

Is bioremediation safe?

yes, bioremediation is very safe because it used bacteria to clean up contaminated environments.

Why is bioremediation important?

Bioremediation is so important because it involves cleaning up the pollution that affects all forms of life. Living organisms require clean air, water, and land to survive. Pollution can build and can kill those organisms if it is not dealt with quickly.

Is there a standard for stilling pipe design?

The internal diameter of stilling tube should allow for 11 mm clearance around float. The lowest end of float should be fitted wit bars to prevent float from slipping away. Venting holes are required for standpipe top.

What is pipe fabrication?

a pipe fabricator would be a pipefitter that fabricates pipe in a shop or in the field.he/she does this with a welder and a helper.a number of power tools.he takes a set of iso drawings and cuts pipe to length and makes the fittings until he has fabricated what the drawing he has in his hand calls for.they send it to the place it has to be installed at and install it.most times.alterations are made in the field.

How should the effluent be treated before discharge?

An effluent before it is to be discharged has to be treated to kill its hazardous effects. If an effluent is acideic , than it has to be neutralized using some base like hydroxides to make it neutral and if its too basic then Sulphuric acid is added to make it neutral. ALso floculants and co-agulants are also used to remove the impurities and solid wastes present in the liquid.After that many pH test,conductivity tests and its concentration is examined before it is discharged. All this is carried out in ETP plant.

How can you pre-rust corten steel with muriatic acid?

Do not use dangerous HCl or hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid) and go with a mixture of sodium chloride (salt ) and distilled water. Spray a mist evenly over the previously sandblasted Corten for a numbers of days while letting the surface dry between coats until the desired surface is achieved. This can take days or weeks depending on your environment. i.e. the Sahara vs the Amazon. You will need to sandblast first. The key to excellent results is the prep: use fine sand or 80 mesh aluminum oxide for the sandblasting. Keep dry and immediately start the pickling or patination process to insure an evenly rusted protective surface that is aesthetically pleasing.

What is a radical containing nitrogen and oxygen?

a radical is a free electron, therefore it cannot be nitrogen or oxygen, its just an electron

Uses of simple distillation?

Distillation is a method in chemistry to separate substances from a mixture according to their level of vitality. some examples of distillation are alcohol distillery, distilled water, production of gasoline, paraffin, kerosene etc.

Which are materials equivalent to SCM435?

SAE4137 or 34CrMoS4 according to the metric 2009 Misumi, Mechanical Components for Assembly Automation Catalog (www.misumiusa.com), Technical Data section, page 2866.

How many liters in one ton of methanol?

One liter of methanol is about 0.8 kg. One tonne of methanol is 1000 kg. Therefore one tonne pf methanol is about 1250 liters

What is the plastic symbol for polyolefin?

= What is the plastic symbol for polyolefin? = = = = Thanks, = = Pranab =

What is the solute and solvent in wine?

In wine the solute is ethyl alcohol and solvent is water.

What is ferrite number?

Ferrite number is a measure of = Chromium & Nickel equivalent in an Austenitic stainless steel material. It should be between 3-7% max. Very low ferrite can lead to cracks. It is a measure of denoting the ferrite content in an stainless steel. Ferrite Number has been adopted as a relative measure for quantifying ferritic content using standardized magnetic techniques. The Ferrite Number approach was developed in order to reduce the large variation in ferrite levels determined on a given specimen when measured using different techniques in different labratories.

The ferrite level is only important to assure minimum exposure to solidification cracking when depositing austenitic stainless steel weld metal. The lower ferrite number is better for corrosion resistance, while balancing higher ferrite content to avoid solidification cracking in the weld deposit. I would not worry about lower ferrite numbers for clad overlay welding, if no cracking is observed (Liquid Penetrant verification).

What is a hydro cracker?

A hydrocracker is a unit in a petroleum refinery that reduces the size of long chain molecules and cyclic compounds under controlled conditions of heat, pressure and a catalyst in the presence of hydrogen

Example of bioremediation?

Bioremediation is defined as the use of microorganisms or other life to break down environmental pollutants. One example is the use of oyster mushrooms to clean up oil spills.

What type of trays can be found in a distillation column besides bubble cap sieve and valve trays?

The gas-liquid contacting element for bubble cap tray is bubble cap, which has round and groove-shaped structure forms. The bubble cap is installed above the chimney, and will not leak in conditions of proper installation and gas-liquid load, so the bubble cap tray is featured by stable operation and great flexibility. For structural reasons, the liquid level on the tray is relatively high, and two-phase contact is of long time. Therefore, the pressure drop is high, entrainment is increased, and the fall in the liquid level on the tray is relatively great, etc

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Fluid flow in an annular space?

Fluid flow in an annular space occurs during a drilling operation of the gas and oil well. The correct prediction of the flow lies in the drilling mud in the annular space between the well.

With a centrifugal pump what will a blockage in the discharge or suction side do to the pump amps?

A blockage in the downstream side of the pump could make this pump work harder raising the amps as the pump now has to do more work to get through the line. An upstream blockage would make the pump spin more freely lowering the amps on the pump as it will not be doing any work.