Construction

1. Subsoil investigations provide a clear idea of the type of soil you have in the area you are building on. There are a few tests that are conducted to show this:

   - Moisture content

   - Atterberg limits

   - Sieve Analysis

   - Triaxial Compression Test

   - Consolidation test

   - Bulk density

   - Dry density

   - Specific gravity

   - Chemical tests

   These will all show the Architect what materials he will need to build on this land and the type of foundation to use to stop the building from sloping or sinking into the ground

Wafer board (plywood formed from pressed wood chips) is used for inexpensive laminated furniture, and for sheathing, underlayment, enclosures, or utility construction, where neither maximum strength nor attractive appearance is required.

A pre comp plan consist of land layouts that have been prepared by a surveyor that shows the intended boundaries and areas which are based off the original lots where the linear misclosure of the computation is not one part in four thousand.

When something is being constructed (which is beneficial for the public), it is always said to be development i.e progress. But whenever we refer the term development, it doesn't mean that always something is being created. Development should not only be defined in terms of industrialization and modernization, but also as seen by the public, basically the poor people. For them, development may mean reduction of povery, for social scientists, development may mean availability of resources and reduction of pollution as indirectly or directly, all these things are benefitting the public :)....getting me ??? :D

Probably reinforced concrete i.e concrete with metal rods (re-bar) run through to give it tensile strength as well as compressive strength.

At a set date that is specified in the bidding documents, the regulator or Universal Access and Service Fund (UASF) department typically holds a pre-bid meeting. The purpose of the meeting is to allow potential bidders to ask questions and request clarifications. It should also be seen as a last chance to make some modifications to the UAS project and bidding documents, based on suggestions and comments from potential bidders. These changes are likely to be minimal, as the industry had the opportunity to make comments and suggestions during the earlier public consultation process.

The pre-bid meeting can be open to all interested parties, or it can be restricted to companies that purchased the bidding documents. Both options are fine, and deciding on either is more dependent on logistical issues such as location and meeting room size. However, typically all participants are required to register (i.e., provide their name, position, company and contact details). This enables the regulator later to distribute the pre-bid meeting minutes.

Attendance at the pre-bid meeting is typically not mandatory. However, pre-bid meeting minutes which might include amendments to the bidding documents (either to clarify or modify based on feedback) are distributed to all entities that purchased the bidding documents as well as all additional entities that were represented at the pre-bid meeting.

It is helpful to start the discussion at the pre-bid meeting through a brief introductory presentation outlining the main features of the UAS project and the key elements of the bidding process and bidding requirements.

The pre-bid meeting should be held early, e.g., two to three weeks after bid document availability. This allows potential bidders time to thoroughly review the bidding documents and gives them enough time to prepare the proposal once they have received important clarifications, if applicable. The bidding process should also allow for written requests for clarification or comments, but this should be limited to a certain deadline similar to the process involved in the pre-bid meeting. Answers to written requests are published jointly with the pre-bid meeting minutes, or a separate document is issued and distributed to all potential bidders. Typically the written questions are treated anonymously.

The bidding documents should also include a date at which operators are required to register their intent to participate in the bid or to decline. The written clarifications of the questions can include a reminder of this deadline. While this cannot be legally binding, it is helpful for the regulator to see early on, if there is sufficient interest among operators to bid.

It takes longer for mortar to bind rather than cement. Think of cooking a roast at 150 degrees (mortar) rather than cement 220 degrees,

On 150 degrees the roast will cook slowly and beautifully as opposed to cement at 220 chance of burning the outside before the inside cooks.

there is plenty of information on actual stair const., but not a lot of info. about the pad the stairs start from. Standards say concrete slab 4'' thick . Can this slab be taller or thicker to change stairway rise and run ?

Science plays an important role in construction as you need to look at the geographical features of the place before you start building and you need to make sure that everything is alright according to science. for example, you don't want to put iron on the top of the building to cause electric charge to the buildings

Silt in pipes is caused by solids suspended in liquids, that are flushed through the drainage system, settling in the pipe-work. This can be caused if there is a lot of solid matter flushed through the pipe system or if the flow is too slow or has too many turns causing the flow to been restricted (which in turn allows the solid particles held within it time to fall to the low point in the pipe).

De-silting is carried out through either high pressure jetting or exposing the affected pipe-work and physically cleaning out.

Silting can occur in other pipe systems, as well as drains, but depends on what the plumbing system is carrying. Hard water areas (high level on degrees Clarke) may need acid descale etc.

dare for you killer

A urinal diaphragm is a component in urinal flush valves that regulates the flow of water during flushing. It helps maintain a consistent water pressure and ensures that the urinal flushes effectively while minimizing waste and conserving water. The diaphragm creates a seal that opens and closes to control the release of water, contributing to the overall efficiency and functionality of the urinal system.

Request for Quotation

There are two options: plastic washers or a grease of some sort. The purpose of this kind of barrier is to reduce friction and wear and tare from a metal-on-metal contact. Plastic washers are useful because they are usually made of high density polyethylene or polycarbonate - both extremely slippery substances. however, this type of washer has bean surpassed by some of the modern heavy-duty greases, which don't break and last for a long time. Washers are still used for "clean applications" where grease would be considered a "contaminant" and in instances where the metal pieces would interfere with each other's movements if they were allowed to touch.

This is a ventilation system question. The return air path is the route (usually through ducting but could be through some other route such as a window or vent) that the air takes.

Typically a building ventilation system would have both supply and extract systems. The return air path is this.

True means to build something perfect in every possible way plumb level and square and when sighting a constructed object it must appear straight and flat and square

The atmospheric moisture is absorbed by the surface of masonry, flooring, or concrete through the joints, voids, or cracks. When the same water is evaporated from the surface, it leaches the lime compounds and forms the formation of salt deposits on the surface of masonry, flooring, or concrete. It is known as efflorescence or saltpetering.

yes it is...i forgot what they are called but yes you do that to draw a correct house

It depends on the depth you require. Using a 12-inch depth, you will need about 218.5 tons of gravel (170.4 cubic yards).

Personal Protective Equipment

Typical includes hard hat, safety glasses and hearing protection, but may also include other equipment such as fall protection harness, respirators ... depending on work being performed.